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Individualized Temporal Interference Stimulation for Reward Processing in Late-Life Depression

3 de novembro de 2026 atualizado por: Xiang Yang Zhang, Beijing HuiLongGuan Hospital

Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Modulation of Reward Processing by Individualized Temporal Interference Stimulation Targeting the Nucleus Accumbens in Late-Life Depression

This study aims to investigate the effects and neural mechanisms of individualized temporal interference stimulation (TI) targeting the left nucleus accumbens in older adults with depression. A total of 70 participants aged 60-80 years will be randomly assigned to receive active TI or sham stimulation. Clinical and cognitive assessments, a probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) task, MRI, and TMS-EEG will be used to evaluate changes in depressive symptoms, reward processing, and brain activity. Clinical and cognitive follow-up assessments will be conducted at 1 and 4 weeks after the intervention.

Visão geral do estudo

Status

Ainda não está recrutando

Condições

Intervenção / Tratamento

Descrição detalhada

This is a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled, parallel-group study involving 70 adults aged 60-80 years who meet DSM-5 criteria for a current episode of major depressive disorder and have at least moderate depressive symptoms.

Participants will be randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to an active TI group (n=35) or a sham stimulation group (n=35). Individualized TI will target the left nucleus accumbens, with stimulation administered for approximately 20 minutes per session, twice daily for five consecutive days (10 sessions in total).

Clinical and neuropsychological assessments will evaluate depressive symptoms, anxiety, anhedonia, sleep, and cognitive function. A probabilistic reversal learning (PRL) task will assess reward learning and cognitive flexibility. Structural MRI will support individualized stimulation planning, while resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and TMS-EEG will be used to investigate changes in brain networks and neurophysiological activity.

Assessments will be conducted at baseline and after the intervention, with additional follow-ups at 1 and 4 weeks. The study will compare changes between groups and explore associations among clinical outcomes, reward processing, and neural measures.

Tipo de estudo

Intervencional

Inscrição (Estimado)

70

Estágio

  • Não aplicável

Contactos e Locais

Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.

Contato de estudo

  • Nome: Dongmei Wang, Ph.D
  • Número de telefone: +86 132 4190 1959
  • E-mail: wangdm@psych.ac.cn

Locais de estudo

Critérios de participação

Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.

Critérios de elegibilidade

Idades elegíveis para estudo

60 anos a 80 anos (Adulto, Adulto mais velho)

Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis

Não

Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo

Tudo

Descrição

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged 60-80 years.
  • Meet the DSM-5 diagnostic criteria for a current episode of major depressive disorder (MDD).
  • Have at least moderate depressive symptoms.
  • Able to understand and comply with study procedures, provide written informed consent, and voluntarily participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of severe neurological disorders or epilepsy.
  • Severe or unstable medical conditions.
  • Contraindications to MRI, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), or transcranial electrical stimulation.
  • Comorbid severe psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder or schizophrenia.
  • Significant cognitive impairment that interferes with informed consent or completion of study procedures.
  • High suicide risk.
  • Any other medical or safety condition that, in the investigator's judgment, makes participation inappropriate.

Plano de estudo

Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.

Como o estudo é projetado?

Detalhes do projeto

  • Finalidade Principal: Tratamento
  • Alocação: Randomizado
  • Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
  • Mascaramento: Dobro

Armas e Intervenções

Grupo de Participantes / Braço
Intervenção / Tratamento
Experimental: Active Temporal Interference Stimulation

Participants will receive individualized active temporal interference stimulation (TI) targeting the left nucleus accumbens, for 20 minutes per session, twice daily for five consecutive days (10 sessions in total).

Individualized active temporal interference stimulation (TI) targeting the left nucleus accumbens, delivered for 20 minutes per session, twice daily for five consecutive days (10 sessions in total).

Comparador Falso: Sham Temporal Interference Stimulation

Participants will receive sham temporal interference stimulation (TI) with similar electrode placement and procedures, following the same schedule as the active group (10 sessions over five days).

Sham temporal interference stimulation (TI) with similar electrode placement and procedures, without sustained effective stimulation, following the same schedule as the active group (10 sessions over five days).

O que o estudo está medindo?

Medidas de resultados primários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

The 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) assesses depressive symptom severity. Total scores range from 0 to 76, with higher scores indicating more severe depressive symptoms.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Anhedonia will be assessed using the 14-item Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS). Total scores range from 14 to 56, with higher scores indicating more severe anhedonia. Changes from baseline will be compared between groups.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Probabilistic Reversal Learning (PRL) Task
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

The PRL task assesses reward-based learning and cognitive flexibility. Participants learn from probabilistic feedback and adjust their choices when reward contingencies change. Task performance will be evaluated using behavioral measures of reward learning and reversal learning.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Medidas de resultados secundários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Anxiety severity will be assessed using the 14-item HAMA. Total scores range from 0 to 56, with higher scores indicating more severe anxiety.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) assesses sleep quality and disturbances. The global score, calculated from seven components, ranges from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Global cognitive function will be assessed using the MMSE. Total scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better cognitive function.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Auditory Verbal Learning Test (AVLT) Performance
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Verbal learning and memory will be evaluated using the numbers of correctly recalled words during immediate recall, delayed recall, category-cued recall, and recognition testing.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Verbal Fluency Test (VF) Performance
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Verbal fluency will be assessed using the numbers of valid responses generated during animal naming, phonemic word generation, and action fluency tasks, each lasting one minute.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
3D Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Delirium will be assessed using the 3-Minute Diagnostic Interview for CAM-Defined Delirium (3D-CAM). The outcome will be recorded as the presence or absence of delirium.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Clock Drawing Test (CDT)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Visuospatial and executive functioning will be assessed using a four-point Clock Drawing Test. Scores range from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating better performance.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Digit Span Test (DST) Performance
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Attention and working memory will be assessed using forward and backward digit span, including maximum correctly recalled span length and the number of correct sequences.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Trail Making Test (TMT)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Processing speed, attention, and executive functioning will be evaluated using completion time in seconds across the four TMT conditions in the study protocol. Errors will also be recorded.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

The 12-domain Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) assesses neuropsychiatric symptoms. The total score is calculated by summing frequency × severity scores across 12 domains and ranges from 0 to 144, with higher scores indicating more severe symptoms.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Activities of Daily Living (ADL)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups

Daily functioning will be assessed using the 20-item ADL scale. Scores range from 20 to 80, with higher scores indicating greater functional impairment.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 1-week and 4-week follow-ups
Resting-State fMRI Brain Network Measures
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention

Resting-state fMRI will be used to evaluate changes in nucleus accumbens-related functional connectivity and brain network characteristics following the intervention.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention
TMS-Evoked Global Mean Field Amplitude (GMFA)
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention

Global mean field amplitude (GMFA) will be calculated from TMS-evoked EEG recordings to quantify the overall cortical response to stimulation. Changes in GMFA amplitude will be assessed.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention
TMS-EEG Time-Frequency Power
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention

Time-frequency analysis of TMS-EEG recordings will be used to assess changes in oscillatory power across frequency bands following stimulation.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention
TMS-EEG Functional Connectivity
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention

Functional connectivity will be assessed using TMS-EEG recordings to evaluate changes in the synchronization and interaction of cortical brain regions.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention
TMS-EEG Source-Localized Cortical Activity
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention

EEG source reconstruction will be used to estimate changes in TMS-evoked cortical activity at the source level.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention
TMS-Evoked Potential (TEP) Amplitude
Prazo: Baseline, immediately after the intervention

TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) will be analyzed to assess changes in cortical responses, including the amplitude of TMS-evoked EEG components.

Baseline, immediately after the intervention

Colaboradores e Investigadores

É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.

Patrocinador

Investigadores

  • Investigador principal: Xiangyang Zhang, Ph.D, Tsinghua University

Datas de registro do estudo

Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados ​​pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.

Datas Principais do Estudo

Início do estudo (Estimado)

10 de novembro de 2026

Conclusão Primária (Estimado)

31 de outubro de 2027

Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)

30 de dezembro de 2027

Datas de inscrição no estudo

Enviado pela primeira vez

24 de outubro de 2026

Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ

3 de novembro de 2026

Primeira postagem (Real)

9 de novembro de 2026

Atualizações de registro de estudo

Última Atualização Postada (Real)

9 de novembro de 2026

Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade

3 de novembro de 2026

Última verificação

1 de outubro de 2026

Mais Informações

Termos relacionados a este estudo

Outros números de identificação do estudo

  • CASPsy13

Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)

Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?

NÃO

Descrição do plano IPD

The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are not publicly available due to ethical restrictions (as they contain information that could compromise participant privacy), but will be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request after completion of the study and approval by the ethics committee.

Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo

Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .