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The Effect of Virtual Reality Headset and Hand Massage on Pain, Anxiety, Patient Satisfaction, and Physiological Parameters in Patients Who Have Undergone Abdominal Surgery

7 ноября 2026 г. обновлено: Gizem Göktuna, Dokuz Eylul University

The Effect of Virtual Reality Headset and Hand Massage on Pain, Anxiety, Patient Satisfaction, and Physiological Parameters in Patients Who Have Undergone Abdominal Surgery: A Single-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial

This randomized controlled trial aims to investigate the effects of using a virtual reality headset and conventional hand massage on pain, anxiety, patient satisfaction, and physiological parameters in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Participants will be randomly assigned to three groups: the virtual reality group, the conventional hand massage group, and the control group. Pain levels, anxiety levels, satisfaction levels, and physiological parameters will be assessed both before and after the procedure. The study aims to determine whether these non-pharmacological methods improve postoperative pain, anxiety, patient satisfaction, and physiological parameters.

Обзор исследования

Статус

Еще не набирают

Условия

Вмешательство/лечение

Тип исследования

Интервенционный

Регистрация (Оцененный)

66

Фаза

  • Непригодный

Контакты и местонахождение

В этом разделе приведены контактные данные лиц, проводящих исследование, и информация о том, где проводится это исследование.

Контакты исследования

  • Имя: Principal Investigator
  • Номер телефона: +90 232 412 4779
  • Электронная почта: gizemgoktuna@gmail.com

Места учебы

Критерии участия

Исследователи ищут людей, которые соответствуют определенному описанию, называемому критериям приемлемости. Некоторыми примерами этих критериев являются общее состояние здоровья человека или предшествующее лечение.

Критерии приемлемости

Возраст, подходящий для обучения

18 лет и старше (Взрослый, Пожилой взрослый)

Принимает здоровых добровольцев

Нет

Полы, имеющие право на обучение

Все

Описание

Inclusion Criteria:

  • • Aged 18 and older

    • Who have not previously undergone abdominal surgery
    • Who underwent elective surgery
    • Who had a numerical pain scale score of 3 or higher prior to the procedure
    • Possessing the cognitive ability to tolerate the virtual reality headset application
    • Voluntarily agreeing to participate in the study
    • Patients on the second postoperative day
    • No history of chronic pain (e.g., arthritis)
    • Patients who are alert and oriented enough to communicate (Glasgow Coma Scale 15)
    • Patients with normal vision and hearing
    • Patients suitable for hand massage
    • Patients who are not addicted to alcohol or drugs
    • Patients not taking anxiolytics
    • Patients who can read and understand Turkish

Exclusion Criteria:

  • • Those under the age of 18

    • Those with vision or hearing loss
    • Those who are not clinically stable
    • Those who have undergone emergency surgery
    • Those with a known history of epilepsy, vertigo, or limited mobility
    • Those with surgical incisions or wounds in the facial area that prevent them from wearing VR goggles
    • Those using chronic opioids or psychiatric medications
    • Individuals with open wounds, burns, infections, phlebitis, ecchymosis, hematomas, or fractures on their hands
    • Patients with an intravenous catheter in their hand
    • Those who wish to withdraw from the study during the research period

Учебный план

В этом разделе представлена ​​подробная информация о плане исследования, в том числе о том, как планируется исследование и что оно измеряет.

Как устроено исследование?

Детали дизайна

  • Основная цель: Поддерживающая терапия
  • Распределение: Рандомизированный
  • Интервенционная модель: Параллельное назначение
  • Маскировка: Двойной

Оружие и интервенции

Группа участников / Армия
Вмешательство/лечение
Экспериментальный: Virtual Reality Group

Immediately before the procedure, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, the State Anxiety Scale, the Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and the Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will fit the patient with a virtual reality headset, and the patient will watch nature-themed videos-such as forest scenes, beach walks, and parks-for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, the virtual reality session will end. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form.

Immediately before the procedure, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, the State Anxiety Scale, the Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and the Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will fit the patient with a virtual reality headset, and the patient will watch nature-themed videos-such as forest scenes, beach walks, and parks-for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, the virtual reality session will end. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form. This distraction technique aims to reduce pain perception and anxiety levels, increase patient satisfaction during the procedure, and improve physiological parameters.

Другие имена:
  • VR Очки
Экспериментальный: Classic Hand Massage Group

Immediately before the intervention, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will perform a classic hand massage for a total of 15 minutes-7.5 minutes on the right hand followed by 7.5 minutes on the left hand. After 15 minutes, the classical hand massage will be discontinued. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form.

Immediately before the intervention, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form to patients on the second postoperative day at the clinic. Next, the second researcher will perform a classic hand massage for a total of 15 minutes-7.5 minutes on the right hand followed by 7.5 minutes on the left hand. After 15 minutes, the classical hand massage will be discontinued. Immediately after the intervention and 30 minutes later, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form. This distraction technique aims to reduce pain perception and anxiety levels, increase patient satisfaction during the procedure, and improve physiological parameters.

Другие имена:
  • Hand Massage
Без вмешательства: Control Group

During the initial patient encounter, the fourth researcher will administer the Numerical Pain Scale, the State Anxiety Scale, the Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and the Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form. In routine clinical practice, care will be continued by the nurse responsible for the patient's care. The second researcher will not perform any additional interventions. At the same time as the group receiving the virtual reality headset application and conventional hand massage, the fourth researcher will have the patients complete the Numerical Pain Scale, State Anxiety Scale, Numerical Satisfaction Scale, and Physiological Parameters Monitoring Form.

Что измеряет исследование?

Первичные показатели результатов

Мера результата
Мера Описание
Временное ограничение
Postoperative pain
Временное ограничение: The second day after surgery, immediately before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and 30 minutes later.

Pain intensity will be measured using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (the most severe pain possible). Measurements will be taken three times: on the second day after surgery, immediately before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and 30 minutes later.

The second day after surgery, immediately before the procedure, immediately after the procedure, and 30 minutes later.

Вторичные показатели результатов

Мера результата
Мера Описание
Временное ограничение
Postoperative anxiety levels
Временное ограничение: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Anxiety levels will be assessed using the Situational Anxiety Inventory - Short Form (STAIS-S). This scale measures temporary anxiety levels. Scores range from 20 to 80. Measurements will be taken three times: on the second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure. Higher scores indicate higher (worse) anxiety levels.

The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Post-surgery satisfaction levels
Временное ограничение: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Patient satisfaction will be assessed using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (not at all satisfied) to 10 (extremely satisfied). Measurements will be taken three times: on the second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure. Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.

The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Systolic Blood Pressure
Временное ограничение: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Systolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Higher values indicate higher systolic blood pressure.

The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Diastolic Blood Pressure
Временное ограничение: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Diastolic blood pressure will be measured in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Higher values indicate higher diastolic blood pressure.

The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Pulse Rate
Временное ограничение: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Pulse rate will be measured in beats per minute (beats/min).

The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.
Respiratory Rate
Временное ограничение: The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Respiratory rate will be measured in breaths per minute (breaths/min).

The second day after surgery; immediately before the procedure; immediately after the procedure; and 30 minutes after the procedure.

Соавторы и исследователи

Здесь вы найдете людей и организации, участвующие в этом исследовании.

Спонсор

Даты записи исследования

Эти даты отслеживают ход отправки отчетов об исследованиях и сводных результатов на сайт ClinicalTrials.gov. Записи исследований и сообщаемые результаты проверяются Национальной медицинской библиотекой (NLM), чтобы убедиться, что они соответствуют определенным стандартам контроля качества, прежде чем публиковать их на общедоступном веб-сайте.

Изучение основных дат

Начало исследования (Оцененный)

5 ноября 2026 г.

Первичное завершение (Оцененный)

1 марта 2027 г.

Завершение исследования (Оцененный)

1 марта 2027 г.

Даты регистрации исследования

Первый отправленный

3 ноября 2026 г.

Впервые представлено, что соответствует критериям контроля качества

7 ноября 2026 г.

Первый опубликованный (Действительный)

10 ноября 2026 г.

Обновления учебных записей

Последнее опубликованное обновление (Действительный)

10 ноября 2026 г.

Последнее отправленное обновление, отвечающее критериям контроля качества

7 ноября 2026 г.

Последняя проверка

1 октября 2026 г.

Дополнительная информация

Термины, связанные с этим исследованием

Другие идентификационные номера исследования

  • 2026/37-04

Информация о лекарствах и устройствах, исследовательские документы

Изучает лекарственный продукт, регулируемый FDA США.

Нет

Изучает продукт устройства, регулируемый Управлением по санитарному надзору за качеством пищевых продуктов и медикаментов США.

Нет

Эта информация была получена непосредственно с веб-сайта clinicaltrials.gov без каких-либо изменений. Если у вас есть запросы на изменение, удаление или обновление сведений об исследовании, обращайтесь по адресу register@clinicaltrials.gov. Как только изменение будет реализовано на clinicaltrials.gov, оно будет автоматически обновлено и на нашем веб-сайте. .