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Effects of Provider Commitments to Choose Wisely

5 mars 2019 uppdaterad av: Jeffrey T. Kullgren, University of Michigan

Provider, Patient, and Health System Effects of Provider Commitments to Choose Wisely

Clinicians' decisions to order potentially unnecessary services -- such as those targeted in the Choosing Wisely® campaign -- are often affected by their high-pressure practice environments, which can make it hard to consistently avoid ordering low-value care. The field of behavioral economics offers a promising and highly scalable approach to decreasing use of low-value services: asking clinicians to commit to avoid ordering such services and providing them and their patients with resources to support adherence to this commitment. This project will evaluate the effects of such an intervention across 2 large health systems, Michigan Medicine and IHA, through a mixed-methods, stepped wedge cluster randomized trial. In each of the study clinics, clinicians will be invited to commit to following a set of targeted Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Clinicians who make such a commitment, and their patients, will receive access to key resources to support adherence to this commitment. To measure the effects of the intervention, automated clinical data and medical record data before and after the intervention will be examined. Surveys and semi-structured interviews of both clinicians and patients will also be conducted to determine the effects of the intervention on their decision-making and experiences.

Studieöversikt

Status

Status

Indikerar aktuell rekryteringsstatus eller utökad åtkomststatus.
Avslutad

Betingelser

Betingelser

Sjukdomen, störningen, syndromet, sjukdomen eller skadan som studeras. På ClinicalTrials.gov kan tillstånd även innefatta andra hälsorelaterade frågor, såsom livslängd, livskvalitet och hälsorisker.

Intervention / Behandling

Intervention / Behandling

En process eller handling som är i fokus för en klinisk studie. Interventioner inkluderar läkemedel, medicinsk utrustning, procedurer, vacciner och andra produkter som antingen är undersökta eller redan tillgängliga. Interventioner kan också innefatta icke-invasiva tillvägagångssätt, såsom utbildning eller modifiering av kost och träning.

Detaljerad beskrivning

A mixed-methods stepped wedge cluster randomized trial will be conducted in 8 primary care clinics of IHA, a private multispecialty group practice, and Michigan Medicine, a large academic health system. The study will test whether pre-encounter clinician commitments combined with patient and provider supports decrease overtreatment of type 2 diabetes among patients 65 and older, use of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics among patients age 65 and older who have insomnia or anxiety, and use of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer among men 75 and older. These 3 recommendations were chosen because they are commonly performed in primary care practice, have Choosing Wisely® recommendations against these low-value services, and represent situations in which clinician decisions about ordering of services can be unduly swayed by interactions with patients.

Studietyp

Studietyp

Beskriver arten av en klinisk studie. Studietyper inkluderar interventionsstudier (även kallade kliniska prövningar), observationsstudier (inklusive patientregister) och utökad tillgång.
Interventionell

Inskrivning (Faktisk)

Inskrivning

Antalet deltagare i en klinisk studie. Den "förväntade" registreringen är det antal deltagare som forskarna behöver för studien.
489

Fas

Fas

Stadiet av en klinisk prövning som studerar ett läkemedel eller en biologisk produkt, baserat på definitioner utvecklade av U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Fasen baseras på studiens syfte, antal deltagare och andra egenskaper. Det finns fem faser: tidig fas 1 (tidigare listad som fas 0), fas 1, fas 2, fas 3 och fas 4. Ej tillämpligt används för att beskriva prövningar utan FDA-definierade faser, inklusive prövningar av enheter eller beteendeinterventioner.
  • Inte tillämpbar

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studieorter

  • Förenta staterna
    • Michigan
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48109
        • University of Michigan Medical School
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48105
        • IHA Internal Medicine - Domino's Farms
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48103
        • IHA Family & Internal Medicine - West Arbor
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48108
        • Michigan Medicine Briarwood Medical Group
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48109
        • Michigan Medicine East Ann Arbor Health and Geriatrics Center
      • Brighton, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48116
        • Michigan Medicine Brighton Health Center
      • Canton, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48187
        • IHA Family & Internal Medicine - Cherry Hill
      • Canton, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48187
        • Michigan Medicine Canton Health Center
      • Ypsilanti, Michigan, Förenta staterna, 48197
        • IHA Internal Medicine - Towsley

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Urvalskriterier

De nyckelkrav som personer som vill delta i en klinisk studie måste uppfylla eller de egenskaper de måste ha. Behörighetskriterier består av både inklusionskriterier (som krävs för att en person ska delta i studien) och uteslutningskriterier (som hindrar en person från att delta). Typer av behörighetskriterier inkluderar om en studie accepterar friska frivilliga, har ålders- eller åldersgruppskrav eller är begränsad av kön.

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

18 år och äldre (Vuxen, Äldre vuxen)

Tar emot friska volontärer

Ja

Kön som är behöriga för studier

Allt

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Clinician participants will be drawn from the pool of physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants staffing the 8 primary care clinics.

  • Patients of all 8 study clinics must meet criteria for one of the three Choosing Wisely® recommendations to be eligible to participate:

    • 65 and older with type 2 diabetes
    • 65 and older with insomnia and/or anxiety
    • male, 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who have cognitive impairment and/or a serious psychiatric diagnosis will not be eligible to participate in the surveys or interviews.

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

  • Primärt syfte: Hälsovårdsforskning
  • Tilldelning: Randomiserad
  • Interventionsmodell: Crossover tilldelning
  • Maskning: Ingen (Open Label)

Vapen och interventioner

Deltagargrupp / Arm

Deltagargrupp / Arm

En grupp eller undergrupp av deltagare i en klinisk prövning som får en specifik intervention/behandling, eller ingen intervention, enligt prövningens protokoll.
Intervention / Behandling

Intervention / Behandling

En process eller handling som är i fokus för en klinisk studie. Interventioner inkluderar läkemedel, medicinsk utrustning, procedurer, vacciner och andra produkter som antingen är undersökta eller redan tillgängliga. Interventioner kan också innefatta icke-invasiva tillvägagångssätt, såsom utbildning eller modifiering av kost och träning.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 1
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the first clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 1 month, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 8 months.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 2
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the second clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 2 months, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 7 months.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 3
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the third clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 3 months, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 6 months.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 4
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the fourth clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 4 months, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 5 months.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 5
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the fifth clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 5 months, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 4 months.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 6
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the sixth clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 6 months, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 3 months.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 7
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the seventh clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 7 months, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 2 months.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.
Experimentell: Commitment invitation at time 8
In the stepped wedge cluster randomized design, the eighth clinic will remain in the control period (no intervention) for 8 months, followed by a 1 month transition period (where data will not be collected), before crossing over to the intervention period for 1 month.
Beteende: Commitment Invitation for Clinicians (Clinician Intervention)
Clinicians will be invited to commit to follow 3 Choosing Wisely® recommendations. Those that choose to commit will sign a written document, appear on in-clinic posters along with their colleagues who have committed to the recommendations, have access to point-of-care Choosing Wisely® patient education handouts, and receive weekly emails with decision support resources.
Övrig: Health Education Materials to Patients (Patient Intervention)
During the intervention period, the letter and study information sheet that eligible patients will receive in advance of a scheduled appointment with a participating clinician will also be accompanied by a patient education handout from Consumer Reports that is publicly available and may be relevant to their health and health care. Specifically, patients with type 2 diabetes who are 65 and older will receive a handout about diabetes overtreatment, patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 and older will receive a handout about overuse of benzodiazepines and sedative-hypnotics, and male patients who are 75 and older with no history of prostate cancer will receive a handout about overuse of PSA tests to screen for prostate cancer.

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Primära resultatmått

I en klinisk studies protokoll är det planerade utfallsmått som är det viktigaste för att utvärdera effekten av en intervention/behandling. De flesta kliniska studier har ett primärt utfallsmått, men vissa har mer än ett.
Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Difference in the proportion of intervention and control period visits with an applicable low-value treatment or test as specified by each respective Choosing Wisely® recommendation
Tidsram: 10 months
The applicable low-value treatments or tests specified by the respective Choosing Wisely® recommendations are use of hypoglycemic medications for patients 65 years or older with diabetes and tight glycemic control, PSA testing among men 75 years or older with no history of prostate cancer, and use of benzodiazepine or sedative-hypnotic medications for patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 years or older.
10 months

Sekundära resultatmått

Sekundära resultatmått

I en klinisk studies protokoll, ett planerat utfallsmått som inte är lika viktigt som det primära utfallsmåttet för att utvärdera effekten av en intervention men som ändå är av intresse. De flesta kliniska studier har mer än ett sekundärt utfallsmått.
Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Patient trust in primary care provider
Tidsram: Within 1 week of primary care visit
Self reported level of trust patient has in his or her primary care provider as measured by a 5-item scale.
Within 1 week of primary care visit
Patient rating of provider
Tidsram: Within 1 week of primary care visit
Patient's self-reported rating of their primary care provider as measured on a 0 to 10 scale.
Within 1 week of primary care visit
Frequency of patient-provider conversations about the applicable low-value treatments or tests
Tidsram: Within 1 week of primary care visit
Self-reported frequency of patient-provider conversations about the applicable low-value treatments or tests. The applicable low-value treatments or tests specified by the respective Choosing Wisely® recommendations are use of hypoglycemic medications for patients 65 years or older with diabetes and tight glycemic control, PSA testing among men 75 years or older with no history of prostate cancer, and use of benzodiazepine or sedative-hypnotic medications for patients with insomnia or anxiety who are 65 years or older.
Within 1 week of primary care visit
Composite difference in the proportion of intervention and control period visits with an applicable low-value treatment or test as specified by each respective Choosing Wisely® recommendation
Tidsram: 10 months
The study will combine data from all target recommendations (e.g., a composite outcome) where if one visit meets inclusion criteria for more than one target recommendation, they will be treated as independent visits.
10 months

Samarbetspartners och utredare

Det är här du hittar personer och organisationer som är involverade i denna studie.

Sponsor

Sponsor

Den organisation eller person som initierar studien och som har auktoritet och kontroll över studien.
University of Michigan

Samarbetspartners

Samarbetspartners

En annan organisation än sponsorn som ger stöd till en klinisk studie. Detta stöd kan innefatta aktiviteter relaterade till finansiering, design, implementering, dataanalys eller rapportering.
Donaghue Medical Research Foundation
Integrated Health Associates

Utredare

Utredare

En forskare involverad i en klinisk studie. Relaterade termer inkluderar platsens huvudutredare, platsundersökaren, studieordföranden, studieledaren och studiens huvudutredare.
  • Huvudutredare: Jeffrey T. Kullgren, MS, MD, MPH, University of Michigan
  • Huvudutredare: Eve Kerr, MD, MPH, University of Michigan

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Faktisk)

Studiestart

Det faktiska datumet då den första deltagaren registrerades i en klinisk studie. Det "förväntade" studiestartdatumet är det datum som forskarna tror kommer att vara studiens startdatum.
26 januari 2018

Primärt slutförande (Faktisk)

Primärt slutförande

Det datum då den sista deltagaren i en klinisk studie undersöktes eller fick en intervention för att samla in slutliga data för det primära utfallsmåttet. Huruvida den kliniska studien avslutades enligt protokollet eller avslutades påverkar inte detta datum. För kliniska studier med mer än ett primärt utfallsmått med olika slutdatum avser denna term det datum då datainsamlingen är slutförd för alla primära utfallsmått. Det "förväntade" primära slutdatumet är det datum som forskarna tror kommer att vara det primära slutdatumet för studien.
1 november 2018

Avslutad studie (Faktisk)

Avslutad studie

Det datum då den sista deltagaren i en klinisk studie undersöktes eller fick en intervention/behandling för att samla in slutliga data för de primära utfallsmåtten, sekundära utfallsmåtten och biverkningar (det vill säga den senaste deltagarens senaste besök). Det "förväntade" studiens slutdatum är det datum som forskarna tror kommer att vara studiens slutdatum.
28 februari 2019

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

Först inskickad

Datumet då studiesponsorn eller utredaren först skickade in en studiepost till ClinicalTrials.gov. Det är vanligtvis en fördröjning på några dagar mellan det första inlämningsdatumet och postens tillgänglighet på ClinicalTrials.gov (det första publicerade datumet).
19 januari 2018

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

Det datum då studiesponsorn eller utredaren först skickar in en studiepost som överensstämmer med National Library of Medicine (NLM) kvalitetskontroll (QC) granskningskriterier. Sponsorn eller utredaren kan behöva revidera och skicka in en studiepost en eller flera gånger innan NLM kvalitetskontrollkriterier uppfylls. Det är sponsorns eller utredarens ansvar att se till att studieposten överensstämmer med NLM QC-granskningskriterierna.
25 januari 2018

Första postat (Faktisk)

Första postat

Datumet då studieposten först var tillgänglig på ClinicalTrials.gov efter granskning av National Library of Medicine (NLM) kvalitetskontroll (QC) har avslutats. Det är vanligtvis en fördröjning på några dagar mellan det datum då studiens sponsor eller utredare skickade in studieposten och det första publicerade datumet.
26 januari 2018

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

Senaste uppdatering publicerad

Det senaste datumet då ändringar i en studiepost gjordes tillgänglig på ClinicalTrials.gov. Det kan förekomma en fördröjning mellan när ändringarna skickades till ClinicalTrials.gov av studiens sponsor eller utredare (det senaste inlämningsdatumet för uppdateringen) och den senaste uppdateringen som publicerades.
7 mars 2019

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

Det senaste datumet då studiesponsorn eller utredaren lämnade in ändringar i en studiepost som överensstämmer med kvalitetskontrollkriterierna för National Library of Medicine (NLM). Det är sponsorns eller utredarens ansvar att se till att studieposten överensstämmer med NLM QC-granskningskriterierna.
5 mars 2019

Senast verifierad

Senast verifierad

Det senaste datumet då studiesponsorn eller utredaren bekräftade att informationen om en klinisk studie på ClinicalTrials.gov var korrekt och aktuell. Om en studie med rekryteringsstatus av rekrytering; inte rekryterar ännu; eller aktiv, inte rekrytering har inte bekräftats under de senaste 2 åren, studiens rekryteringsstatus visas som okänd.
1 mars 2019

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Andra studie-ID-nummer

Andra studie-ID-nummer

Identifierare eller ID-nummer andra än NCT-numret som tilldelats en klinisk studie av studiens sponsor, finansiärer eller andra. Dessa nummer kan innehålla unika identifierare från andra försöksregister och National Institutes of Health-bidragsnummer.
  • HUM00112834

Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad läkemedelsprodukt

Nej

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad produktprodukt

Nej

Denna information hämtades direkt från webbplatsen clinicaltrials.gov utan några ändringar. Om du har några önskemål om att ändra, ta bort eller uppdatera dina studieuppgifter, vänligen kontakta register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en ändring har implementerats på clinicaltrials.gov, kommer denna att uppdateras automatiskt även på vår webbplats .

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