通过基于神经可塑性的计算机化锻炼改善衰老过程中的神经健康 (INHANCE)

实验性的：实验处理

基于计算机可塑性的适应性认知训练总共需要最多 70 次治疗，每周最多 7 次，每次 30 分钟。

其他：基于可塑性的计算机化自适应认知训练

三十分钟的计算机化练习培训，目标是视觉处理速度、记忆力、注意力和警觉性。

有源比较器：有源比较器

市售计算机化培训总共需要最多 70 次治疗，每周最多 7 次，每次 30 分钟。

其他：商业上可用的计算机化培训

三十分钟的计算机化休闲视频游戏培训。

Change Mean in FEOBV SUVR (Standardized Uptake Value Ratio) Through PET Imaging in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex

Change from baseline and 3 months (post-intervention) for the 18F-fluoroethoxybenzovesamicol (FEOBV) standardized uptake value ratio (SUVR) in the Anterior Cingulate Cortex as measured through Positron Emission Tomography (PET) ligand imaging. Higher score is better.

Change Mean in EXAMINER Executive Composite Score

The EXAMINER (Executive Abilities: Measures and Instruments for Neurobehavioral Evaluation and Research) is a computer-based battery of executive function tests yielding a single Executive Composite score across three subtests (Flanker, Anti-Saccades, Set-Shifting). The Executive Composite is a latent trait estimate using Empirical Bayes scoring from item-response theory and is therefore unitless and unbounded. For reference, validation studies report mean scores of 0.70 in healthy adults, 0.29 in patients with mild cognitive impairment, and -0.20 in patients with Alzheimer's disease. This outcome reports change in Executive Composite Score from baseline, calculated as the score at 3 months minus baseline and the score at 6 months minus baseline. Higher values indicate better executive functioning.

Change Mean Score in Useful Field of View (UFOV) Assessment

This is a computerized assessment that serves as a positive control for task learning. Raw scores are defined as the exposure duration at approximately 80% criterion accuracy in milliseconds accuracy in identification of central and peripheral targets. The best possible raw score is 32 milliseconds, and the worst possible score is 3162 milliseconds. Change was calculated as the score at 3 months minus the score at baseline, and as the score at 6 months minus the score at baseline. Lower values in milliseconds reflect better Useful Field of View performance.

Change Mean Target Frequency Level in Tonic and Phasic Alertness (TAPAT) Assessment

This is a computerized assessment that serves as a positive control for task learning. A single target frequency level required for users to achieve at least 80% accuracy in target and foil identification for a pre-specified target image presented among similar foil images. Target frequency level is recorded as an integer ranging from 1 to 7, where 1 corresponded to the easiest condition (40% target frequency among foils) and 7 represented the most challenging condition (10% target frequency among foils). Change was calculated as the score at 3 months minus the score at baseline, and as the score at 6 months minus the score at baseline. Higher scores indicate better performance.