主要腹部手术、肺部并发症发生率、ICOUGH 护理计划。
“我咳嗽”护理计划对于避免腹部大手术后肺部并发症发生率的有效性。
本研究旨在确定一系列干预措施对减少腹部大手术 (MAS) 术后肺部并发症 (PPC) 的有效性,参与者接受了“I COUGH”护理计划,旨在支持他们的健康状况并减少并发症。 该研究旨在探讨一种简单且廉价的肺部护理计划,易于患者、家属和医务人员理解和记忆。 为了实现这一目标,我们选择实施 I COUGH 护理计划,并确定一系列干预措施对减少 MAS 后 PC 的有效性。
研究中确定了两个假设:
H0:ICOUGH 护理计划降低了 MAS 后 PPC 的发生率。 H1:MAS 后的 ICOUGH 护理计划不影响 PPC 的发生率。
研究概览
详细说明
手术可导致多种肺部并发症,包括呼吸道感染、呼吸衰竭、气胸、支气管痉挛、胸腔积液、肺不张和吸入性肺炎。 这些术后肺部并发症 (PPC) 会使患者在手术后呼吸和恢复困难,还会增加死亡和残疾的风险。
在这项研究中,60 名年龄在 30 岁至 60 岁之间的成年患者(平均 39.9;SD±8.82)(男/女:13/47)接受了需要全身麻醉和住院治疗的腹部大手术,例如疝修补术、胆囊切除术、探查性剖腹手术,或通过腹腔镜或常规剖腹手术进行的其他腹腔手术,切口在脐上方或延伸至脐上方 5 厘米或更小。 使用分组随机化方法将参与者随机分配到对照组(n = 30)或实验组。
使用社会科学统计软件包(SPSS)26 Win 64 版进行统计分析。 进行配对样本 T 检验以比较治疗前和治疗后变量,同时进行独立样本 T 检验以检查组间差异。 显着性水平设定为p<0.05。
目前的研究结果表明,接受 MAS 的患者在手术后接受 I COUGH 护理计划治疗后,患 PC 的可能性较小。 该计划包括流量激励肺活量计、口腔护理、咳嗽和呼吸练习、患者和家庭教育、起床以及将床头抬高 30 度以上。 研究结果显示,I COUGH 可有效降低 PC 发生率,实验组与对照组之间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Tripoli、阿拉伯利比亚民众国、21821
- AL-ASSEMA Hospital
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Tripoli、阿拉伯利比亚民众国、21821
- AL-KHALIL Hospital
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Tripoli、阿拉伯利比亚民众国、21821
- ROYAL Clinic
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 成人
接受健康志愿者
描述
纳入标准:
- 自愿参加这项研究。
- 符合条件的患者为30-60岁之间的男女成年人(通过研究,我们试图减少由于生长阶段、身体能力、荷尔蒙水平等,或由于慢性疾病或与衰老相关的疾病的流行而超过60岁)。
- 患者接受了需要全身麻醉和住院的选择性腹部手术,例如疝修补术、胆囊切除术、剖腹探查术、病态肥胖、卵巢囊肿、乙状结肠憩室炎、阑尾炎或通过腹腔镜和常规剖腹手术(5 cm)进行的其他腹腔手术或在脐上方或延伸至脐上方的切口较小。 (切口 > 5 厘米可能会影响可能的结果,可能会受到以下方面的影响:感染风险增加、出血风险、行走期间疼痛和不适)。
排除标准:
- 患者主诉心率不稳定或心脏病。
- 有症状的心力衰竭、不稳定型心绞痛。
- 肺动脉高压
- 不稳定的高血压
- 患者接受了器官移植。
- 患者出现任意动脉段的动脉瘤。
- 病情严重或手术后转入重症监护室。
- 严重肾病。
- 一名癌症患者。
- 脑血管意外/中风。
- 患有平衡或前庭障碍的患者。
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:支持治疗
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:顺序分配
- 屏蔽:单身的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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无干预:控制组
对照组参与者在术后 10 小时后的第一天接受评估,并在当天出院,使用脉搏血氧仪、血压计、肺活量测试、VAS、MBDS 以及活动和活动促进 (AMP)。
对照组的参与者在手术前后没有接受任何信息或培训,并且接受常规医院护理。
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实验性的:实验组
实验组的参与者接受了I COUGH的应用(激励肺活量测定、咳嗽/深呼吸、口腔护理、理解(患者和家属的教育)、下床、抬高床头)。
参与者在手术后 10 小时后的第一天接受了评估,并于当天出院。
包括脉搏血氧仪、血压计、肺活量测试、VAS、MBDS、AMP。
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I COUGH 计划在手术后 10 小时启动,强调以下要素: 激励性肺量测定:鼓励患者每两小时使用 Flow-IS 设备十次,持续三天。 咳嗽和深呼吸:参与者应每 2 小时进行 3-5 次咳嗽和深呼吸,持续 3 天。 口腔护理:每天上午 8:00 至晚上 8:00 刷牙并使用漱口水两次。牙刷应该是无菌的,建议使用不含酒精的漱口水。 理解(教育):患者及其亲属收到有关护理计划和遵循步骤的说明。 起床:鼓励患者每天至少坐在椅子上一次,并根据需要在房间和走廊里行走至少 3 次。 床头抬高:保持床头抬高30度以上。 |
研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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心率 (HR)
大体时间:术后3天
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每分钟的心跳次数。
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术后3天
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收缩压(SBP)
大体时间:术后3天
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下一次收缩之前记录的最小压力。
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术后3天
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舒张压 (DBP)
大体时间:术后3天
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心室收缩时的最高血压。
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术后3天
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呼吸频率 (RR)
大体时间:术后3天
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他们每分钟的呼吸次数。
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术后3天
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血氧饱和度 (SPO2)
大体时间:术后3天
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脉搏血氧计读数表明您的血液饱和百分比。
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术后3天
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改良博格呼吸困难量表 (MBDS)
大体时间:术后3天
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测量呼吸困难强度的有效且可靠的工具。
它是一个具有比率属性的分类量表,等级从 0 到 10,0 表示完全没有呼吸困难,10 表示严重呼吸困难。
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术后3天
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肺功能检查FVC
大体时间:术后3天
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显示肺部工作情况的无创测试,测量用力肺活量
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术后3天
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肺功能测试 FEV1
大体时间:术后3天
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显示肺部工作情况的无创测试,测量 FEV
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术后3天
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肺功能测试 PEFR
大体时间:术后3天
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通过测量 PEFR 来显示肺部工作情况的无创测试。
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术后3天
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活动和流动性促进 (AMP)
大体时间:术后3天
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AMP 基于测量住院期间患者活动能力的增加。
该计划的最初目标包括每天让每位患者活动 3 次,并在 AMP 量表上记录患者的活动水平。
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术后3天
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视觉模拟量表(VAS)
大体时间:术后3天
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该测量基于自我报告的症状,并用沿 10 厘米线放置的单个标记进行记录,该标记代表左端(0 厘米)“无疼痛”和右端“最严重疼痛”之间的连续体。确定术后区域咳嗽时疼痛的强度及其增强程度。
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术后3天
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肺功能测试 FEV1/FVC
大体时间:术后3天
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显示肺部工作情况的无创测试,测量 FEV1/FVC
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术后3天
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Feras M Tana, MSc、Yeditepe University
出版物和有用的链接
一般刊物
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