身体电动:评估运动休息可行性的务实试验
身体电动:一项评估运动作为减轻长期久坐行为危害的公共卫生策略的务实试验
这项务实试验的目的是确定在现实条件下三种运动休息剂量(每 30、60 或 90 分钟)的实施潜力。 它旨在回答的主要问题是:
- 在现实条件下测试的运动休息剂量的可行性、可接受性、适当性和合规性如何?
- 运动休息剂量对于改善情绪、疲劳和工作表现有何效果?
- 跨人口亚组(年龄组、性别、种族/民族、就业状况、就业环境和职业)进行流动休息的障碍和促进因素是什么?
研究人员将比较三个试验组(每 30 分钟、60 分钟或 120 分钟休息一次)的主要(实施指标)、次要(情绪、疲劳和工作表现)和探索性(障碍/促进因素)结果的差异。
参与者将:
- 根据自己的剂量情况(每 30 分钟、60 分钟或 90 分钟)每天进行运动休息(以自选步速步行 5 分钟),连续两周。
- 完成每日调查以报告合规性、障碍/促进因素以及情绪/疲劳/工作表现。
- 在研究结束时完成一组调查,报告实施潜力、排名/评级障碍和促进因素,并评估情绪/疲劳/工作表现。
为了实现研究目标,研究人员将招募 50,000 名成年人,并进行一项剂量研究,同时测试三种运动休息剂量。 参与者将完成 7 天的基线期,以评估久坐行为和运动的正常持续时间,然后是 2 周的时间段,在此期间,他们将选择在计划期间的日常生活中实施的运动中断剂量。 休息频率 x 持续时间组合将包括每 30 分钟 5 分钟、每 60 分钟 5 分钟以及每 120 分钟 5 分钟。 将通过入组时的调查以及基线和干预监测期间的日常调查来评估工作和休闲行为、情绪、疲劳和障碍/促进因素。
研究概览
详细说明
美国成年人平均每天静坐约 11-12 小时。 因此,“坐着就是新的吸烟”这句话被用来形容发达国家的一种流行病。 无论中等强度体力活动 (MVPA) 如何,每日久坐时间与心血管疾病 (CVD) 发病率和死亡率风险密切相关。 因此,2018 年美国人身体活动指南的范围已超出推广 MVPA 的范围,现在还提倡减少久坐时间。 然而,由于缺乏数据来提供更多定量建议,这些建议非常笼统(“少坐,多动”)。 为了提供更具体的指导方针,2018 年身体活动指南咨询委员会科学报告和美国心脏协会 (AHA) 关于久坐行为的科学咨询都确定了一项关键的研究需求,即比较不同剂量的减少久坐时间对健康结果的影响并评估现实世界中实施减少久坐时间策略的障碍。 此类研究被认为对于制定基于证据的久坐行为指南至关重要。 拟议的研究将解决这一主要证据差距,并提供证据来告知具体的、定量的运动打破久坐行为建议的可行性。
研究表明,长时间不间断的久坐时间(例如一次坐几个小时)可能是最危险的久坐行为形式;这表明定期进行活动来打破久坐时间可能是现有身体活动指南的重要补充。 尽管这些数据告诉我们要针对哪种久坐行为特征,但它们几乎没有提供定量指导。 因此,仅提出了“少坐、多动”的一般性建议,没有具体的、可操作的目标。 研究者最新的基于实验室的研究记录了以下方面的定量指导:(1)长时间久坐的时间应该多久中断一次? (2) 久坐休息的适当持续时间是多长? 然而,目前尚不清楚这些定量建议(即每半小时步行休息 5 分钟)的可行性和可接受性如何。 此外,成功实现白天久坐休息的障碍和促进因素在很大程度上尚不清楚。
主要目标:确定现实条件下三种运动休息剂量(每 30 分钟、60 分钟或 120 分钟)的可行性、可接受性、适当性(即实施潜力)和依从性。
次要目标:确定各种运动休息剂量对情绪、疲劳和工作表现的影响。
探索性目标:运动闯入主流社会的成功实施依赖于对广大人口亚群体中公众所面临的运动突破的共同促进因素和障碍的理解。 本研究将按年龄组(青年、中年和老年人)、性别、种族/民族、就业状况(全职、兼职、退休、未工作)、就业情况绘制运动休息的障碍和促进因素。设置(远程、面对面、混合)和职业类型。
久坐时间过长在发达国家非常普遍,并且与心血管疾病风险增加有关。 关于人们应该如何打破久坐时间,目前还没有基于证据的建议。 评估运动中断干预措施的剂量(频率和持续时间)的实施潜力,该干预措施可以改善多个健康指数,并在不同人群中建立运动中断的障碍/促进因素,通过建立建议的运动中断剂量,可以对公共健康产生巨大影响为未来的随机试验和指南奠定基础,并为优化未来解决人口障碍的运动休息干预措施奠定基础。
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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New York
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New York、New York、美国、10033
- Columbia University Medical Center
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
- 成人
- 年长者
接受健康志愿者
描述
纳入标准:
- 18岁或以上
- 英语口语
- 使用具有数据和短信计划的智能手机
排除标准:
- 最近有骨、关节或软组织损伤史,且运动后损伤会加重
- 休息时、日常生活活动或运动时胸痛
- 需要监督锻炼的医生指示
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:预防
- 分配:非随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:无(打开标签)
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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实验性的:每 30 分钟运动一次
每 30 分钟休息一次的运动组的参与者完成了 7 天的基线期,然后是 2 周的所选剂量条件。
要求参与者在工作日和周末(即每周 7 天)的所有醒着时间里每 30 分钟完成一次运动休息。
有关工作效率、精力和疲劳程度、情绪、体力活动以及运动休息的障碍/促进因素的信息通过全天 5 次每日 SMS 调查(上午 9 点、中午 12 点、下午 3 点、下午 6 点、晚上 9 点)或通过电子邮件发送的调查收集:每天结束时(晚上 8 点)。
调查交付方法是随机的。
参与者还提供有关干预措施的可行性、可接受性和适当性的反馈。
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通过国家公共广播电台制作的播客系列(Body Electric)招募的参与者被要求选择三种运动休息条件之一(每 30、60 或 120 分钟的静坐时间运动 5 分钟)。
要求参与者在工作日和周末(即每周 7 天)的所有醒着时间完成运动休息。
在运动休息期间,参与者被指示以最舒适和安全的方式步行 5 分钟(即:
自行选择的节奏和位置)。
使用轮椅或助行器等辅助设备的参与者被指示转动、行走或完成其他方便、舒适和安全的运动类型,例如使用阻力带进行上半身练习、基于椅子的练习等。
尽管鼓励参与者在手机中设置提醒或使用商用应用程序或可穿戴设备,但没有提供休息提醒。
其他名称:
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实验性的:每 60 分钟运动休息一次
每 60 分钟休息一次的运动组的参与者完成了 7 天的基线期,然后是 2 周的所选剂量条件。
要求参与者在工作日和周末(即每周 7 天)的所有醒着时间里每 60 分钟完成一次运动休息。
有关工作效率、精力和疲劳程度、情绪、体力活动以及运动休息的障碍/促进因素的信息通过全天 5 次每日 SMS 调查(上午 9 点、中午 12 点、下午 3 点、下午 6 点、晚上 9 点)或通过电子邮件发送的调查收集:每天结束时(晚上 8 点)。
调查交付方法是随机的。
参与者还提供有关干预措施的可行性、可接受性和适当性的反馈。
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通过国家公共广播电台制作的播客系列(Body Electric)招募的参与者被要求选择三种运动休息条件之一(每 30、60 或 120 分钟的静坐时间运动 5 分钟)。
要求参与者在工作日和周末(即每周 7 天)的所有醒着时间完成运动休息。
在运动休息期间,参与者被指示以最舒适和安全的方式步行 5 分钟(即:
自行选择的节奏和位置)。
使用轮椅或助行器等辅助设备的参与者被指示转动、行走或完成其他方便、舒适和安全的运动类型,例如使用阻力带进行上半身练习、基于椅子的练习等。
尽管鼓励参与者在手机中设置提醒或使用商用应用程序或可穿戴设备,但没有提供休息提醒。
其他名称:
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实验性的:每 120 分钟运动一次
每 120 分钟休息一次的运动组的参与者完成了 7 天的基线期,然后是 2 周的所选剂量条件。
要求参与者在工作日和周末(即每周 7 天)的所有醒着时间里每 120 分钟完成一次运动休息。
有关工作效率、精力和疲劳程度、情绪、体力活动以及运动休息的障碍/促进因素的信息通过全天 5 次每日 SMS 调查(上午 9 点、中午 12 点、下午 3 点、下午 6 点、晚上 9 点)或通过电子邮件发送的调查收集:每天结束时(晚上 8 点)。
调查交付方法是随机的。
参与者还提供有关干预措施的可行性、可接受性和适当性的反馈。
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通过国家公共广播电台制作的播客系列(Body Electric)招募的参与者被要求选择三种运动休息条件之一(每 30、60 或 120 分钟的静坐时间运动 5 分钟)。
要求参与者在工作日和周末(即每周 7 天)的所有醒着时间完成运动休息。
在运动休息期间,参与者被指示以最舒适和安全的方式步行 5 分钟(即:
自行选择的节奏和位置)。
使用轮椅或助行器等辅助设备的参与者被指示转动、行走或完成其他方便、舒适和安全的运动类型,例如使用阻力带进行上半身练习、基于椅子的练习等。
尽管鼓励参与者在手机中设置提醒或使用商用应用程序或可穿戴设备,但没有提供休息提醒。
其他名称:
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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干预措施可行性 (FIM) 评分
大体时间:2周
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可行性 - 通过干预措施可行性 (FIM) 工具进行测量。
FIM 是一项包含 4 项的调查,用于衡量新疗法或干预措施在给定环境下成功使用或实施的程度。
这是在研究完成时通过研究结束调查进行评估的。
项目按照 5 点李克特量表进行评分,从完全不同意到完全同意。
分数越高反映干预的可行性越高。
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2周
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干预措施的可接受性 (AIM) 分数
大体时间:2周
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可接受性 - 通过干预措施可接受性 (AIM) 工具进行测量。
AIM 是一项包含 4 项的调查,衡量新治疗或干预措施的令人愉快、可口或满意的程度。
这是在研究完成时通过研究结束调查进行评估的。
项目按照 5 点李克特量表进行评分,从完全不同意到完全同意。
分数越高反映干预措施的可接受性越高。
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2周
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干预适当性衡量标准 (IAM) 得分
大体时间:2周
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适当性 - 通过干预适当性措施 (IAM) 进行衡量。
IAM 是一项包含 4 项的调查,用于衡量新疗法或干预措施对于给定环境或消费者的感知适合度、相关性或兼容性,和/或治疗/干预措施解决特定问题的感知适合度或问题。
这是在研究完成时通过研究结束调查进行评估的。
项目按照 5 点李克特量表进行评分,从完全不同意到完全同意。
分数越高反映干预措施的适当性越高。
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2周
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运动中断次数
大体时间:2周
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这是为了测量对运动中断条件的遵守情况。
运动休息的完成情况是通过每天 5 次短信或通过一次日终调查(调查交付方法随机确定)进行的调查来评估的。
参与者自我报告自上次调查以来完成的久坐休息的次数和持续时间。
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2周
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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疲劳症状量表 (FSI) 评分
大体时间:2周
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使用疲劳症状清单 3 (FSI-3) 评估身体疲惫和疲劳。
该工具由 3 个与疲惫/疲劳相关的项目(“平均疲劳”、“疲劳对活动水平的干扰”、“疲劳对生活享受的干扰”)组成,并提供从 0(完全不疲劳)到 10 分制的回答选项/无干扰)至 10(尽我所能/极度干扰)。
回答的总分越高,表明感知到的身体疲惫/疲劳程度越高。
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2周
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积极和消极情绪表 (PANAS) 简式分数
大体时间:2周
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积极和消极影响是使用积极和消极影响表(PANAS)简表来衡量的。
该工具包含 10 个项目,其中参与者对描述不同感觉和情绪的词语(即敌意、紧张、专注、鼓舞)做出反应,并以 5 点李克特量表表示他们有这种感觉的程度,从非常轻微或根本没有到极其。
积极和消极影响分量表的得分越高,反映了越高的积极/消极影响。
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2周
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工作绩效分数
大体时间:2周
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感知工作绩效的数量和质量以及工作绩效的总体评级是通过世界卫生组织健康和工作绩效问卷(HPQ)来衡量的。
HPQ 包括两个衡量绩效数量的项目(例如,您在应该工作的时候没有工作的频率;)和三个以 5 点李克特量表衡量绩效质量的项目;以及工作绩效的总体评分(从 0 到 10)。
较高的分数反映了较高的感知工作绩效。
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2周
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乌得勒支工作投入量表 (UWES-3) 分数
大体时间:2周
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工作投入度使用缩短版的乌得勒支工作投入量表 (UWES-3) 进行评估。
它由三个项目组成,参与者对他们在工作中感受到的精力、热情和沉浸感的程度进行评分,从从不到总是,共 7 分制。
分数越高反映工作投入度越高。
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2周
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疲劳视觉模拟量表 (VAS) 评分
大体时间:2周
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通过单个项目评估瞬时或日常疲劳(即,您现在有多疲劳?
您今天有多疲劳?)采用视觉模拟量表(VAS)从 0(锚:完全不疲劳)到 100(锚:极度疲劳)。
以 1 点增量移动的滑块用于指示响应。
单项疲劳 VAS 分数通过每天 5 次短信(即时评估)或一天结束时的调查(每日评估)进行调查来评估。
调查交付方式是随机确定的。
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2周
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影响视觉模拟量表 (VAS) 评分
大体时间:2周
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通过单个项目评估瞬时或日常情绪(即,您现在感觉如何?
您今天感觉如何?)按照视觉模拟量表(VAS)从 -50(锚:非常消极)到 +50(锚:非常积极)。
以 1 点增量移动的滑块用于指示响应。
单个项目对 VAS 分数的影响是通过每天 5 次短信(即时评估)或通过一次日终调查(每日评估)进行的调查来评估的。
调查交付方式是随机确定的。
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2周
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工作表现视觉模拟量表 (VAS) 分数
大体时间:2周
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日常工作绩效通过视觉模拟量表 (VAS) 中的单个项目(您如何评价今天的整体工作绩效?)进行评估,从 0(锚点:最差表现)到 10(锚点:最佳表现)。
以 1 点增量移动的滑块用于指示响应。
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2周
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其他结果措施
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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经历过运动中断完成障碍的参与者的百分比
大体时间:2周干预期
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这项措施评估参与者面临的阻碍他们完成运动休息的挑战(障碍)。
在干预期间,通过每天 5 次短信或通过一次日终调查(随机确定的调查交付方法)进行调查来评估障碍。
参与者被要求从 18 个常见障碍列表中进行选择,或通过开放文本回复报告自上次调查以来他们面临的其他未列出的障碍。
在研究结束调查期间,参与者还按照 5 点李克特量表对他们遇到的每个障碍的程度进行了评分,并对他们遇到的前三个障碍进行了排名。
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2周干预期
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久坐时间
大体时间:2周
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使用久坐行为问卷 (SBQ) 评估久坐时间。
SBQ 评估 9 种久坐行为所花费的时间(看电视、玩电脑/视频游戏、坐着听音乐、坐着打电话、做文书工作或办公室工作、坐着读书、弹奏乐器、做艺术和手工艺,坐在汽车、公共汽车或火车上驾驶/乘坐)。
这 9 个项目分别在工作日和周末完成。
将每个项目报告的时间相加,得出每日静坐时间值(以每天分钟为单位)。
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2周
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经历过协助者完成动作休息的参与者百分比
大体时间:2周
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这项措施评估参与者用来帮助他们完成运动打破协议的策略(或促进者)。
在干预期间,通过每天 5 次短信或通过一次日终调查(随机确定的调查交付方法)进行调查来评估辅导员。
参与者被要求从 11 名常见辅导员列表中进行选择,或通过开放文本回复报告自上次调查以来帮助他们休息的其他未列出的辅导员。
在研究结束调查期间,参与者还被要求对辅导员进行评分和排名。
在研究结束调查期间,参与者还按照 5 点李克特量表对他们利用每位辅导员的程度进行评分,并对他们的前三名辅导员进行排名。
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2周
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合作者和调查者
调查人员
- 首席研究员:Keith M Diaz, PhD、Florence Irving Associate Professor of Behavioral Medicine
出版物和有用的链接
一般刊物
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