联合神经肌肉康复训练增强慢性踝关节不稳运动员的静态平衡能力 (NR-CAI)

实验性的：综合康复组

该组参与者接受了综合康复计划，包括平衡和力量练习，同时配合在踝关节上使用肌内效贴布。 干预措施按照改善平衡和踝关节稳定性的标准化方案进行。

其他：运动方案结合肌内效贴布

与运动组相同的为期六周的平衡与力量康复计划，并在每次训练前对踝关节应用肌内效贴布。 贴布由认证物理治疗师使用标准化技术进行贴扎，以增强本体感觉输入和神经肌肉激活。

实验性的：仅运动组

该组参与者仅接受运动计划（平衡和力量训练），未使用肌内效贴布。 运动内容与联合干预组完全相同，并遵循相同的持续时间和频率。

其他：平衡与力量锻炼计划

一项结构化康复计划，包括在摇摆板上进行平衡训练和使用Thera-Band进行踝关节强化练习。 在物理治疗师监督下，每周进行三次，持续六周。 练习内容包括渐进难度的单腿平衡任务，以及针对背屈、跖屈、内翻和外翻的强化练习。

无干预：对照组

该组参与者在研究期间未接受任何结构化康复干预。 他们继续日常活动，未进行额外的治疗性锻炼或肌内效贴扎。

通过压力中心椭圆面积测量的静态平衡变化

静态平衡将通过力板进行评估，分析压力中心（COP）参数，特别是椭圆面积。 测量将在单腿站立姿势下进行，分为两种条件：睁眼和闭眼。 较小的COP椭圆面积值表示更好的姿势控制。

Countermovement Jump (CMJ) Height

Countermovement jump (CMJ) performance was assessed using the Leonardo Mechanograph GRFP STD force platform (Novotec Medical GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany). Participants performed bilateral countermovement jumps, and jump height was automatically calculated by the manufacturer's software and recorded in meters (m). Three valid trials were performed, separated by approximately 60 seconds of rest, and the highest jump height was used for statistical analysis. Higher values indicated better vertical jump performance.

Ankle Inversion and Eversion Muscle Strength

Isometric ankle inversion and eversion muscle strength was assessed using the EasyForce® digital dynamometer (Meloq AB, Stockholm, Sweden). Three maximal voluntary isometric contractions were performed for each movement, and the mean value was used for analysis. Muscle strength was recorded in Newtons (N).

Drop Jump Contact Time

Drop jump performance was assessed using the Leonardo Mechanograph GRFP STD force platform (Novotec Medical GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany). Participants performed a bilateral drop jump from a 40-cm platform, followed by an immediate rebound after landing. Three trials were performed, and contact time was recorded in seconds (s). Lower contact time values indicated better reactive performance.

Reactive Strength Ratio (RSR)

Reactive Strength Ratio (RSR) was assessed during the drop jump using the Leonardo Mechanograph GRFP force plate system (Novotec Medical GmbH, Pforzheim, Germany). RSR was automatically calculated by the manufacturer's software as the ratio of flight time to ground contact time (ta/tc). Participants performed a bilateral drop jump from a 40-cm platform, followed by an immediate rebound while minimizing ground contact time. Three valid trials were performed, separated by approximately 60 seconds of rest, and the mean value of the three trials was used for analysis. Higher RSR values indicated better reactive performance.