联合居家运动方案对原发性痛经女性双任务步态表现、认知-运动控制脑电图标志物及疼痛的影响：一项随机对照试验

实验性的：干预组

其他：Home-exercise program

The participants will then be given a clear explanation of the exercises to be performed as part of the home-based exercise program. They will be provided with a demonstrations video that will guide each session.

Each exercise session will last for 30 minutes, 3/week, for 8 weeks. Participants will perform 10 minutes of progressive muscle relaxation exercise, followed by 10 minutes of core exercises, and finally 10 mintes of stretching exercises. They will required to complete an exercise diary. Exercise progressions will be applied across weeks 3-4 and again at weeks 5-6 and 7-8 (e.g., increased hold durations, repetitions, and resistance band progression for core exercises).

无干预：控制组

候补名单控制组

疼痛强度

疼痛强度通过视觉模拟疼痛评分量表（VAS Pain）进行自我报告，该量表为一条100毫米的连续线段，一端标记为“无痛”（得分0），另一端标记为“最剧烈的疼痛”（得分100）。 参与者需在VAS量表上画一条垂直线，以最佳代表其疼痛强度。 将记录基线时及干预8周后疼痛强度的变化。

Cortical Silent Period

Cortical silent period (CSP) will be assessed using the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) apparatus. Single-pulse TMS will be administered using a figure-of-eight coil positioned over the primary motor cortex. CSP duration (ms) will be measured from the MEP onset to return of voluntary EMG activity following cortical stimulation. The minimal effective stimulation intensity will be used to ensure participant safety. Changes at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention will be noted.

双任务步态表现

步态表现，包括速度、步频、步长和双支撑时间，将在单任务行走和双任务行走（认知任务期间）中进行比较评估。 将使用Gwalk g-sensors设备进行步态分析。 将记录基线时和8周干预后参数的变化。

双任务认知表现

将在步行期间、基线时和8周干预后评估三项任务（逻辑、语义言语流畅性和工作记忆）的认知表现。

Electroencephalography (EEG) data

Brain activity for cognitive-motor control (Theta/alpha coherence) will be assessed during dual-walking task, using the NeXus-Q32 equipment. Changes in parameters at baseline and after 8 week intervention will be noted.

Dysmenorrhea impact

The Working Ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain, and Dysmenorrhoea (WaLIDD) questionnaire will assess the impact of dysmenorrhoea on work and daily functioning. It measures the severity of dysmenorrhea by a total scoring range of 0 to 12 points, where a higher score indicates greater severity. Changes in total score at baseline and following 8 week intervention will be noted.

Menstrual Symptoms and Distress

Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MEDI-Q) will be used to objectively assess the impact of menstrual pain, physical discomfort, emotional/cognitive changes, and gastrointestinal disturbances, as part of menstrual symptoms experienced in women with primary dysmenorrhea, at baseline and after 8 weeks intervention. The minimum score obtainable is "0", indicating the absence of any specified symptom relevant to generate distress during menstruation in the previous 12 months, and the maximum score is "125", indicating the presence of all the investigated symptoms in more than one-half of menstruations in the past year, each of them generating severe distress. Changes in total score at baseline and following 8 week intervention will be noted.