Effects of Resistance-Based Multicomponent Training Incorporating Respiratory Exercise on Diaphragm Thickness, Hepatic Attenuation, and Quality of Life in Healthy Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial (RT-DIA-OLDER)
This randomized controlled trial investigated the effects of a four-week moderate-intensity resistance training program on diaphragm thickness, hepatic fat density, and health-related quality of life in healthy community-dwelling older men aged 60-75 years. Thirty participants were randomly assigned to a resistance training group or control group. Diaphragm thickness and hepatic attenuation were assessed using non-contrast computed tomography, and quality of life was evaluated using the SF-12 questionnaire. The primary outcome was change in diaphragm thickness. Secondary exploratory outcomes included hepatic fat density and SF-12 physical and mental health scores.
研究概览
详细说明
Aging is associated with progressive decline in respiratory muscle morphology, metabolic health, and perceived quality of life. While resistance training is well established for peripheral muscle adaptation, its short-term effects on diaphragm morphology and hepatic tissue density remain insufficiently investigated.
This randomized controlled pre-test-post-test trial enrolled 30 healthy men aged 60-75 years. Participants were randomly allocated (1:1) to:
Resistance Training Group (RT) Control Group (CON) The RT group completed a supervised moderate-intensity resistance training program three times per week for four weeks (30-40 minutes/session, RPE 12-15). The control group maintained usual daily activities.
Primary Outcome:
Change in diaphragm thickness (mm) assessed by non-contrast CT
Secondary Outcomes (Exploratory):
Hepatic attenuation (Hounsfield Units) via CT SF-12 Physical Health Score SF-12 Mental Health Score The study was approved by the Hitit University Scientific Research Ethics Committee (2025/0464) and conducted according to the Declaration of Helsinki.
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane
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Gümüşhane、Trabzon, Ordu, Giresun, Rize, Artvin, Gümüşhane、土耳其（türkiye）、29600
- Gumushane Univetsity
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male
- Age 60-75 years
- Community-dwelling and functionally independent
- No structured exercise program in past 6 months
- No musculoskeletal injury in past 6 months
- Ability to provide written informed consent
- Stable neuropsychological status
Exclusion Criteria:
- Chronic liver disease
- Uncontrolled cardiovascular or pulmonary disease
- Recent respiratory infection
- Use of medications affecting muscle or liver metabolism (e.g., systemic corticosteroids, anabolic agents, hepatotoxic drugs)
- Participation in structured exercise or respiratory training within past 6 months
- Unstable thyroid hormone replacement therapy
学习计划
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：其他
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：并行分配
- 屏蔽：单身的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
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实验性的：Resistance Training Group (RT)
Participants performed supervised resistance training three times per week for four weeks. Each session lasted 30-40 minutes and included: Lower body exercises (sit-to-stand, step-ups, glute bridge) Upper body exercises (wall push-ups, resistance band row, biceps curl) Core exercises Breathing exercises (diaphragmatic breathing, pursed-lip breathing) Warm-up protocol (10 minutes dynamic mobility) Intensity: Borg RPE 12-15 Rest interval: 60 seconds between sets |
Structured Moderate-Intensity Resistance Training Participants maintained their usual daily routines without structured exercise intervention. |
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无干预：CONTROL
Participants maintained their usual daily routines without structured exercise intervention. |
研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Diaphragm Thickness
大体时间：4 weeks
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Diaphragm thickness measured in millimeters using non-contrast computed tomography at full inspiration. |
4 weeks
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Hepatic Fat Density
大体时间：4 weeks
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Measurement: CT attenuation (Hounsfield Units) Single ROI in segment VIII |
4 weeks
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SF-12 Physical Health Score
大体时间：4 weeks
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Instrument: Short Form-12 Health Survey The physical and mental health scores of the SF-12 subdimensions range from 0 to 100, with higher scores representing better health. |
4 weeks
|
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SF-12 Mental Health Score
大体时间：4 weeks
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Instrument: Short Form-12 Health Survey The physical and mental health scores of the SF-12 subdimensions range from 0 to 100, with higher scores representing better health. |
4 weeks
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Six-minute walk test (6MWT)
大体时间：4 WEEK
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Functional exercise capacity was assessed using the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT) according to a standardised protocol based on established 6MWT recommendations. The test was performed on a flat, straight 30-m indoor corridor, with the course clearly marked at both ends. Participants were instructed to walk back and forth along the corridor for 6 min at a self-selected walking pace, with the objective of covering the greatest possible distance within the allotted time. |
4 WEEK
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合作者和调查者
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
IPD 计划说明
Individual participant data will not be shared due to the absence of prior consent for data sharing and the potential risk of re-identification in a small, single-center sample. Only aggregate results will be disseminated.
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