核心稳定训练结合倒退行走对非特异性慢性腰痛患者的影响

实验性的：Retro-Walking and Core Stabilization

Retro walking training along with core stabilization and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and moist heat

其他：Retro walking and Core stabilization

Retro walking group completed 10 minutes of retro walking training with 5-minutes warm-up and cool-down sessions 3 days a week for 6 weeks. The participants were instructed to gradually increase their walking time up to 30 minutes over the 6-week period.

Core stabilization:

With the patient in a supine position, core stabilization exercises will begin with basic activation techniques. In the first week and second week, the patient will perform Transverse abdominis drawing-in and Multifidus contraction with 2-5 seconds hold, 10 repetitions and 1 set. As week progress (3-6 weeks), same exercises with addition of bird-dog, bridging, plank with 10-30 seconds hold, up to 30 repetitions and 2 sets will be introduce.

In the warm-up and cool-down sessions, the subjects were instructed to perform heel raise exercises, ankle toe movements, and gastrocnemius-soleus and hamstring stretches.

有源比较器：Core Stabilization

Core stabilization along with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation and moist heat

其他：Core Stabilization

With the patient in a supine position, core stabilization exercises will begin with basic activation techniques. In the first week and second week, the patient will perform Transverse abdominis drawing-in and Multifidus contraction with 2-5 seconds hold, 10 repetitions and 1 set. As week progress (3-6 weeks), same exercises with addition of bird-dog, bridging, plank with 10-30 seconds hold, up to 30 repetitions and 2 sets will be introduced. The participants in core stabilization group will undergo exercise program 3 times a week and for a duration of 6 weeks.

Gait and balance app

Changes from baseline Gait and Balnace app was developed for smart phone built-in sesor to capture structrued movement data during standing and walking activites. The app collects motion data for six standardized tasks based on clinical gait and balance protocols:

Standing on a firm surface - eyes open Standing on a firm surface - eyes closed Standing on foam - eyes open Standing on foam - eyes closed Walking straight ahead Walking straight with head turns It produces numerical outcomes per task. It has no single score or risk level. It outputs raw numeric metrics for each domain. Researchers interpret these numeric outcomes relative to research context.

视觉模拟评分法

相对于基线的变化，它是衡量疼痛主观强度的常用工具。 其数值范围为0到10，其中0表示无疼痛，轻度疼痛（1-3），中度疼痛（4-6），重度疼痛（7-10）。

改良版Oswestry功能障碍指数

相对于基线的变化，改良Oswestry功能障碍指数包含10个部分，每部分评分从0到5，分数越高表示因腰痛导致的功能障碍越严重。 所有完成部分的分数相加得到原始总分，然后除以最高可能分数（如果所有部分均完成则为50）并乘以100，转换为百分比。 所得百分比反映功能障碍程度：0-20%为轻微，21-40%为中度，41-60%为重度，61-80%为严重致残，81-100%为卧床不起。 该评分系统能够客观量化功能障碍程度并监测随时间的变化。