Investigation Into the Therapeutic Dosage of Fondaparinux Sodium, a Medication Used to Prevent Blood Clots in Morbidly Obese Volunteers

May 15, 2008 updated by: University of Pittsburgh

Pharmacokinetic Properties of Fondaparinux Sodium in Morbidly Obese Volunteers

Morbidly obese individuals are at high risk for potentially life threatening blood clots around the time of abdominal surgical procedures. Fondaparinux sodium (Arixtra) is an FDA- approved medication used in the prevention of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) at the time of orthopedic or abdominal surgery, as well as for the treatment of DVT and pulmonary embolism (PE). As with many medications, therapeutic dosages have not been fully investigated for the morbidly obese population. Our goal is to study the therapeutic blood levels, after 2 different dosages of the medication are given to morbidly obese volunteers. We will recruit 21 morbidly obese (Body Mass Index (BMI) > 35) individuals who are in the evaluation process for bariatric surgery. They will be divided into 7 groups: 3 participants with BMI 35 - 39.9, 3 with a BMI of 40 - 49.9, 3 with a BMI of 50 - 59.9, 3 with a BMI > 60, 3 with a weight of 100 - 149 KG, 3 with a weight of 150 - 199 KG and 3 with a weight of 200 - 249 KG. Participants will be administered two different doses of the medication with a 2-week interval in between, then blood will be drawn in various intervals throughout the next 48 hours to see which dose provides the best therapeutic levels. Participants will be monitored closely for any side effects or complications.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Bariatric surgery carries a mortality rate of 0.5-1%, with PE found to be the most frequent postoperative complications and causes of death. Currently employed prophylactic methods include unfractionated or low molecular weight heparins in combination with mechanical calf compression. However, despite the implementation of these standard measures, the reported incidence of fatal PE has ranged from 0.2 to 0.64% accounting for between 30 to 50% of deaths after bariatric surgery.

With a reported 40,000 bariatric surgical procedures in 2001, and the numbers growing rapidly every year, there is clearly a need for a more effective prophylaxis from DVT and PE. The pentasaccharide fondaparinux is an anti-thrombotic agent used in the prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism after orthopedic or abdominal surgery. Its clinical value has been established in multiple randomized double blind studies in high-risk major orthopedic surgery where it showed a 55% greater reduction in DVT episodes compared to enoxaparin (Lovenox®) Although fondaparinux has been administered in obese patients in clinical studies for prevention of venous thromboembolism after orthopedic surgery and preliminary results show no influence of ABW on the clinical outcome, the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug in the morbidly obese have not been investigated. Previously published fondaparinux pharmacokinetic studies excluded patients whose body weight was more than 30% of ideal, with the heaviest group being 77.2+/-10.1 Kg and with a BMI of 25.7+/2.6 Kg/m2. Similar studies on low molecular weight heparins, such as enoxaparin and dalteparin, showed predictable anti-Xa activity with weight-based dosing in the morbidly obese.

There has been no study on the pharmacokinetics of this drug in the morbidly obese (BMI>35 Kg/m2). It is clinically imperative to have a predictable anti-Xa level and a predictable DVT prophylactic effect in the morbidly obese whose body weight may vary by as much as 3 to 4 fold higher compared to the average 70 Kg adult. This has become a critical issue in view of the large number of bariatric surgical operations being undertaken, which has increased 150% in the last two years.

The purpose of this study is to assess the pharmacokinetic properties of fondaparinux in morbidly obese volunteers. This is a prospective crossover, randomized study with a 2-week washout period comparing two dosing regimens of fondaparinux in morbidly obese volunteers.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
21

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Pennsylvania
      • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15213
        • Magee Women's Hospital
      • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15232
        • Shadyside Medical Building

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

INCLUSION

  1. Age 19-65 years
  2. BMI 35-65 Kg/m2
  3. Pregnancy test Negative on day of study
  4. Past DVT/PE/MI These patients will not be excluded providing they are not on current therapy with anticoagulants, aspirin, or anti-platelet agents.

EXCLUSION

  1. BP ≥ 160/90
  2. Temperature > 37.5 0C (99.5 0F)
  3. Nursing mothers Exclude if nursing
  4. Pregnancy test Positive on day of study
  5. Medications Anticoagulants, anti-platelet agents, aspirin, NSAIDs within a month of the study

Past medical history

  1. cerebrovascular accident (including TIA within 6 months of the study)
  2. Diabetic retinopathy proven by fundoscopy
  3. History of inherited thrombotic/hypercoagulable defect
  4. Active peptic ulcer disease diagnosed by upper endoscopy
  5. Known bleeding disorder, thrombophilia
  6. History of heparin induced thrombocytopenia
  7. History of bacterial endocarditis
  8. Known hypersensitivity to fondaparinux
  9. Ulcerative colitis
  10. History of GI bleeding
  11. History of hematuria
  12. Recent surgery (last 3 months)
  13. Recent trauma (last 3 months)

Laboratory values

  1. Platelet count ≤ 100,000 mm3
  2. Hemoglobin < 12 g/dL (women), or < 14 g/dL (men)
  3. Prothrombin time > 13 sec
  4. PTT > 35 sec
  5. ALT 3xULN and bilirubin 1.5xULN (>35% direct); or ALT 5xULN; or ALT 3xULN if associated with the appearance or worsening of hepatitis symptoms or rash
  6. Estimated urinary creatinine clearance ≤ 50 ml/min
  7. Hematuria on urine dipstick

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
The pharmacokinetic properties of fondaparinux sodium in morbidly obese individuals.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Comparisons of the pharmacokinetic parameters of morbidly obese participants receiving 2.5 mg or 5 mg dose of fondaparinux sodium with those of healthy normal-weight volunteers established from previous studies.
Comparison of the pharmacokinetic parameters of the 2.5 mg and 5 mg dosage of fondaparinux sodium.
Evaluate the effect of BMI and ABW on the pharmacokinetic parameters of the 2.5 mg and 5 mg dosages of fondaparinux sodium.
Assess the safety of fondaparinux sodium, as measured by defined safety endpoints, and compare the 2 dose groups for differences in the incidence of adverse events (AE).

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Pittsburgh

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
GlaxoSmithKline

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Ioannis Raftopoulos, MD, PhD, University of Pittsburgh

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
February 1, 2007

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2007

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 16, 2007

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 16, 2007

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 19, 2007

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 16, 2008

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 15, 2008

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2008

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • ART108029

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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