Improving Interprofessional Collaboration in Norwegian Primary Schools

September 4, 2020 updated by: Ira Malmberg-Heimonen, Oslo Metropolitan University

Improving Interprofessional Collaboration in Norwegian Primary Schools - A Cluster-randomised Study Evaluating the Effects of the LOG-model.

This study includes designing, implementing and evaluating the effectiveness of process-based measures for improving interprofessional collaboration in Norwegian primary schools (5-7th grades). Focusing on leadership and organizational development, the overarching aim is to improve the use of existing interprofessional competence within schools. The interventions include meetings at municipal-level (strategic), school-level (operative) and class-level (operative), with feedback procedures to ensure communication between and within all levels. Also school internal and school external collaborators are involved at all levels of intervention.

In order to avoid contradictory roles, an implementation team is responsible for developing and implementing the intervention, while the research team conduct an independent evaluation. The model will be evaluated by a cluster-randomized design to evaluate the effectiveness of the intervention. The hypothesis is that schools that utilize the process-based intervention (intervention group) will improve their interprofessional team work in a way that enhances the pupil's learning- environment and teachers professional competence, self-efficacy and efficient use of working hours compared to their counterparts in the control group. We anticipate main effects to be found at pupil level, mainly through improved early assessment, intervention and efficient follow-up. The project is a collaboration between four Norwegian municipalities and includes a total of 37 Schools, half of which will be randomized to experimental condition and half to control condition.

The project is financed by The Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training with a duration of three years and three months. The project is led by Professor Ira Malmberg-Heimonen. The project is a collaboration between Faculty of Social Sciences and the Work Research Institute (AFI), at Oslo and Akerhus University College of Applied Sciences. Participants in the project are Ira Malmberg-Heimonen (project leader), Anne Grete Tøge, Therese Saltkjel, Knut Fossestøl, Elin Borg and Selma Therese Lyng. Participants in the implementation team are Øyvind Pålshaugen, Hanne Christoffersen and Christian Wittrock, also from Oslo and Akerhus University College of Applied Sciences, in addition to Torbjørn Lund from the Arctic University of Norway

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Comprehensive process-based intervention for improving interprofessional team collaboration in schools. A cluster-randomized study.

Start at 01.04.2017 Finnish at 30.06.2020. Funding: The Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training Collaboration: All public schools at primary level in four Norwegian municipalities

Primary schools participating in the study:

From the municipality of Ålesund: Åse, Aspøy, Blindheim, Ellingsøy, Emblem, Flisnes, Hatlane, Hessa, Larsgården, Lerstad, Spjelkavik, Vik and Stokke, and Voldsdalen.

From the municipality of Harstad: Bergseng, Bjarkøy, Harstad, Kanebogen, Kila, Lundenes, Medkila skole, Seljestad and Sørvik From the municipality of Nedre Eiker: Mjøndalen, Krokstad, Solberg, Steinberg, Stenseth and Åsen.

From the municipality of Lillehammer: Vingar, Vingrom, Søre Ål, Røyslimoen, Kringsjå, Ekrom and Buvollen (will be merged), Hammartun and Jørstadmoen

Advisory Board for the project:

Senior researcher Mary Visher, Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation (MDRC), USA Professor Nancy Cartwright, Durham University, UK, and University of California, San Diego, USA Analyst and content director Jarl Inge Wærnes, LearnLab, Oslo Norway

There are interprofessional resources in Norwegian schools and municipalities that are not fully utilized/exploited. Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences has been commissioned to design, implement and evaluate the effectiveness of a process-based model for interprofessional team collaboration in Norwegian primary schools. In order for municipal school owners and leaders to better utilize the potential related to existing interprofessional resources in schools, municipalities will implement a process-based model with a focus on leadership and better coordination of existing interprofessional resources. While the work process will be the same for all schools enrolled to experimental group, the content of the intervention will vary based on local conditions, resources and needs. A manual describes how the work process should be carried out. The model is hereafter referred to as the LOG-model, a Norwegian acronym, referring to the terms leadership, organization and coordination

The evaluation will be conducted as a cluster-randomized trial, where 37 primary schools will be randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Schools randomized to experimental group will implement the LOG-model, while schools assign to the control group will work as previously with interprofessional collaboration. While schools in the experimental group will receive economic resources to compensate for implementing the model and participating in the research, schools randomized to control group will get, however, somewhat less financial compensation for taking part in the research. The implementation team offer supervision and support to schools randomized to the experimental group throughout the project period.

The main working method in the LOG-model is the interchange and feedback process between discursive practices, i.e. the discussion of interprofessional team collaborating measures and the execution/testing of these measures.

Staff from Oslo and Akershus College of Applied Sciences will have different roles in the project. Beside the implementation team with the role of facilitating implementation processes in schools randomized to experimental group, the process evaluation team will study implementation processes mainly based on qualitative data. The researchers in the effect-evaluation team will mainly work with quantitative data.

Prior to randomization a baseline questionnaire will be collected from the teachers and their interprofessional collaborators e.g. educational and psychological counseling services, public health nurses and child welfare social workers. Baseline information on pupils will be based on a survey data collected autumn 2017 and survey data and administrative data for follow-up + 12 and + 24 months. Long-term effects for pupils will be measured after the project has formally ended, up to 4 years after baseline, given that the Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training authorize access and deliver administrative data for follow-up.

The project will assess whether schools randomized to experimental group that are implementing the LOG-model improve their interprofessional collaboration in a way that has positive effects on learning environment, learning outcomes and early intervention for pupils. At teacher level we expect the model to increase competence for interprofessional collaboration, teacher self-efficacy and more efficient use of teachers working time.

This knowledge will inform the debate on what the effects of interprofessional team collaboration can be in schools.

The project is funded by The Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training and led by professor Ira Malmberg-Heimonen, Oslo and Akershus University College.

Participants in the project are Ira Malmberg-Heimonen (project leader), Knut Fossestøl, Øyvind Pålshagen, Elin Borg, Selma Therese Lyng, Anne Grete Tøge, Hanne Christensen, Thorbjørn Lund and Therese Saltkjel.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
4130

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Norway
      • Harstad, Norway, 9403
        • Bergseng skole
      • Harstad, Norway, 9405
        • Harstad skole
      • Harstad, Norway, 9407
        • Seljestad primary school
      • Harstad, Norway, 9411
        • Kanebogen skole
      • Harstad, Norway, 9414
        • Medkila skole
      • Harstad, Norway, 9415
        • Kila skole
      • Harstad, Norway, 9419
        • Sørvik skole
      • Harstad, Norway, 9420
        • Lundenes skole
      • Harstad, Norway, 9425
        • Bjarkøy skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 26013
        • Søre Ål skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2607
        • Vingrom skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2608
        • Vingar skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2609
        • Hammartun skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2611
        • Røyslimoen skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2618
        • Kringsjå skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2624
        • Ekrom skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2625
        • Buvollen skole
      • Lillehammer, Norway, 2625
        • Jørstadmoen Skole
      • Nedre Eiker, Norway, 3050
        • Mjøndalen skole
      • Nedre Eiker, Norway, 3050
        • Åsen skole
      • Nedre Eiker, Norway, 3053
        • Steinberg Skole
      • Nedre Eiker, Norway, 3055
        • Krokstad skole
      • Nedre Eiker, Norway, 3055
        • Stenseth Skole
      • Nedre Eiker, Norway, 3057
        • Solberg skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Aspøy skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Blindheim primary school
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Ellingsøy primary and secondary school
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Emblem skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Flisnes skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Hatlane skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Hessa skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Larsgården skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Lerstad skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Spjelkavik primary school
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Stokke og Vik skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Voldsdalen skole
      • Ålesund, Norway, 6025
        • Åse Skole

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

10 years to 14 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Pupils in grades 5 - 7 in 4 municipalities and 37 primary schools
  • Teachers in grades 5-7 in 4 municipalities and 37 primary schools
  • Interprofessional collaborators at municipal level

Exclusion Criteria:

  • NA

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: LOG-model schools
Experimental schools implement the LOG-model
Other: LOG-model
Besides the LOG-manual, school owners and leaders receive economic compensation and the intervention team will supervise the implementation. School-owners, school leaders and teachers will participate in dialogue-seminars at the municipal level and the school level respectively. The aim is to discuss and agree on the goal and content of the work and discuss the experiences from the implementation. The main arena for discussing and practical implementation will be in local collaborating teams or "resource teams" in each school. The resource teams at schools will consist of various interprofessional competences in addition to the school leader. The main method in the LOG-model is the interchange and feedback process between the discussion of measures and the execution of these measures.
Active Comparator: Treatment as usual schools - TAU
Control schools performing interprofessional team collaboration as usual
Other: TAU
Ordinary practices related to interprofessional team collaboration

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in interprofessional team collaboration among staff
Time Frame: improvement from baseline (2017) to +12 (2018) months and +24 (2019) months
Perceptions of Interprofessional Collaboration model questionnaire(teachers and collaborators)
improvement from baseline (2017) to +12 (2018) months and +24 (2019) months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in teacher self-efficacy
Time Frame: improvement from baseline to +12 and 24 months (measured yearly)
Norwegian teachers self-efficacy scale
improvement from baseline to +12 and 24 months (measured yearly)
Change in learning environment (teacher-level)
Time Frame: +12 and 24 months after baseline
Questions from the OECD TALIS Survey (national teacher survey)
+12 and 24 months after baseline
Change in teaching practices
Time Frame: +12 and 24 months after baseline
Questions from the OECD TALIS Survey
+12 and 24 months after baseline
Change in special needs education
Time Frame: change between baseline and +12 and +24 months after (measured yearly)
amount of pupils who receive special needs education (amount at class or school level)
change between baseline and +12 and +24 months after (measured yearly)
Change in learning enviroment (pupils)
Time Frame: +12 and +24 after baseline
Questions from the Norwegian "Elevundersøkelsen" (National pupils survey)
+12 and +24 after baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Oslo Metropolitan University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
The Norwegian Directorate for Education and Training

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 1, 2017

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 30, 2020

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 30, 2020

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 2, 2017

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 11, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 14, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 7, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 4, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 54470 (NSD)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

After embargo + 5 years after finishing study (2025)

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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