Hyposalivation Response To Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation In Diabetic Type 2 Patients

February 9, 2018 updated by: Ali Mohamed Ali ismail, Cairo University
This study evaluates response of abnormal low salivary flow rate to transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) in diabetic type 2 patients. Response of saliva monitored for all participants receiving only one session of 5-minute extraoral TENS on bilateral parotid glands.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Unknown

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Diabetes mellitus is the most significant disorder associated with varied oral manifestation ranging from xerostomia (subjective sensation od dry mouth) to serious bacterial and fungal infections due to alterations in flow rate of saliva.

Systemic agents increase rate of stimulated salivary flow but often have unfavourable side effects such as profuse sweating, rhinitis, dyspepsia.

Use of TENS in stimulation of saliva has been studied in the past which showed moderate promising results. However, it never became a part of the mainstream therapy of hyposalivation.

It has been postulated that transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) could directly stimulate the auriculotemporal nerve, which supplies the parotid gland, whereas it remains unclear whether there is also an indirect action (via afferent pathways) onto the salivary reflex arch.

Starting a prevention program as early as possible considering the most practical, cost effective and efficient treatments with the best risk-benefit ratio will help to diminish dry mouth symptoms and sequelae (intraoral and extraoral complications).

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
100

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
    • Cairo
      • Giza, Cairo, Egypt, 11511
        • Recruiting
        • Cairo University Hospitals
        • Contact:
          • Hala MH Ezzeldeen, professor
          • Phone Number: 02 01006626043
          • Email: hm_2@yahoo.com

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

50 years to 90 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. non-smoker diabetic patients type II
  2. Patients with unstimulated resting saliva ≤ 0.16 ml/min considered to be abnormally low flow rate and included in the study (Navazesh et al., 1992)

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Cancer patients (patients on chemotherapy/immunotherapy and history of head and neck radiotherapy).
  • Cardiac patients (cardiac pacemakers and defibrillators).
  • Patients wearing hearing aids.
  • Chronic inflammatory autoimmune diseases
  • Acute oral inflammatory disorders
  • Patients with neurological disorders.
  • Habits (mouth breathing, smoking, alcohol and drug abuse).
  • Salivary gland diseases and disorders.
  • Psychogenic diseases.
  • Endocrine diseases.
  • Patients undergoing pharmacological management for xerostomia.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: NA
  • Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
  • Masking: NONE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
EXPERIMENTAL: TENS intervention

one group receiving TENS:

- The electrode of TENS unit will be placed vertically, externally on skin overlying the parotid gland, in the preauricular area bilaterally, 1 cm in front of the tragus area.
Device: TENS
  • Duration of stimulation: 5 minutes.
  • Frequency: will be fixed at 50 Hertz.
  • Pulse duration: 250 µs.
  • Intensity: optimal intensity of TENS (amplitude will be gradually increased to the maximum intensity that the subject will be comfortable and tolerate it).
  • Sessions: only one session

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
salivary volume
Time Frame: After only one session of five-minutes TENS

It is estimated as follow:

  • The patients advised to have nothing to eat, drink, chew gum, intake coffee and oral hygiene before the test.
  • whole resting salivary volume (ml) planned to be performed using low forced spitting technique in graduated test tube before TENS application.
  • stimulated salivary volume (ml) collected after TENS application is compared to whole resting salivary volume to assess improvement. .
After only one session of five-minutes TENS

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
salivary flow rate
Time Frame: After only one session of five-minutes TENS

It is estimated as follow:

  • By dividing whole resting salivary volume on five minute collection period , thus whole resting salivary flow rate (ml/minute) is obtained.
  • Dividing stimulated salivary volume - collected after TENS application - on five minute collection period, thus stimulated salivary flow rate (ml/minute) is obtained.
  • Assessing improvement is done by comparing stimulated with whole resting salivary flow rate.
After only one session of five-minutes TENS
Eight-item visual analogue scale xerostomia questionnaire
Time Frame: After only one session of five-minutes TENS
  • Visual analogue scale is a horizontal line,100 millimeters (mm) in length and anchored by word descriptors at each end.
  • Items are "Rate the difficulty you experience in swallowing due to dryness", "Rate the difficulty you experience in speaking due to dryness","Rate how much saliva is in your mouth","Rate the dryness of your mouth", "Rate the dryness of your throat", "Rate the dryness of your lips", "Rate the dryness of your tongue" ," Rate the level of your thirst" respectively.
  • Before and after treatment, the researcher ask each item to the patient.Then, the patient ts asked to mark his response (perception of his current state) for the item by placing a vertical line on the scale of each item.
  • The researcher determine scale score response of each item by measuring distance in mm.
  • Decreased post-treatment of visual analogue scale score for each item considered improvement.
After only one session of five-minutes TENS

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Cairo University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Hala MH Ezz-eldeen, Professor, Cairo University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (ACTUAL)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2017

Primary Completion (ANTICIPATED)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 1, 2018

Study Completion (ANTICIPATED)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 1, 2018

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 27, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 9, 2018

First Posted (ACTUAL)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 19, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
February 19, 2018

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 9, 2018

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
February 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • P.T.REC/012/001504

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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