Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Vaccines: Reinfection and Antigenic Variation (CMV)

December 2, 2025 updated by: William J. Britt, University of Alabama at Birmingham
The objectives of the protocol are to determine if a structured cognitive-behavioral interventional counseling of pregnant women can limit acquisition of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) during pregnancy that we believe, will in turn decrease the incidence of congenital HCMV infections in this highly seroimmune population. Previously, investigators have demonstrated the success of a similar approach in pregnant women without previous evidence of HCMV infection (non-immune women) but to date, there is no evidence that such an approach will alter the incidence of congenital HCMV infections in seroimmune women. This protocol will take advantage of recently derived data in this maternal population that has identified sources HCMV exposure in women in this population and thus provided new insight into targeted counseling interventions that could limit maternal acquisition of HCMV. The primary endpoints of this study will be a 50% reduction in the overall incidence of congenital HCMV infections in this maternal population with secondary endpoints being efficient uptake of behavioral recommendations and modifications of simple hygiene behaviors that have previously been shown to decrease exposure and acquisition of HCMV.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The proposed cognitive-behavioral intervention protocol to modify the risk of exposure and acquisition of HCMV in pregnant women will include a two components. The first component of the trial will consist of a pilot study in which 100 women enrolled in the parent study will be asked to participate in this substudy. We will target women with young children in the household and households with more than 5 inhabitants as these two characteristics have been shown to be associated with virus excretion in pregnant women in this population, and by inference, exposure and acquisition of HCMV during pregnancy in this maternal population. Women will be counseled at enrollment utilizing both a brief counseling session that will provide basic information about HCMV and congenital HCMV (cCMV) infections, and an individualized behavioral skills session. A take home packet describing the; (i) cCMV infections, (ii) routes of virus acquisition/spread and measures to limit virus spread, and (iii) guidance in behavior modifications to reduce risk of exposures and infection with HCMV will be provided. Enrollees will be seen during their following prenatal visits and asked to complete a questionnaire that will include a self-assessment of adherence to recommended risk reduction behaviors, understanding of routes of HCMV transmission, and importantly, the burden of introducing recommended risk reduction practices into their daily routines. In addition, we will poll these women on the most effective components of the cognitive-behavioral intervention pilot. Data derived from these questionnaires will represent the outcome of this pilot study and will permit us to modify the strategy that will be deployed in the larger intervention trial.

The second component will consist of a larger trial of cognitive-behavioral intervention trial to limit HCMV exposure and acquisition in pregnant women in this maternal population. Women \ will complete a standard questionnaire that will provide demographics such as description of housing, number of people in household, number and ages of children. Information will also be gathered on number and age of sexual partners, previous STIs, and if partner currently resides in household. Standard of care counseling will include discussion of sources of infections and routes of acquisition. After enrollment, women will be randomized to standard of care of counseling or the HCMV exposure risk reduction intervention strategy by assignment of every other enrollee to the intervention cohort. Women enrolled in the exposure risk reduction intervention will receive standard of care and receive an individualized behavioral skills session from a trained nurse or health educator (see following section). As part of enrollment in this study, all women will provide permission to screen their newborn infants or any specimens from miscarriages or fetal loss for HCMV infection. Samples of prenatal blood specimens collected as part of routine care will be stored for future use and enrollment saliva swab, vaginal swab, and urine will be obtained and stored for studies of viral load and baseline viral genomic diversity. The behavioral intervention group will also watch a short video detailing basic information about HCMV, the natural history of HCMV infections (sources and routes of transmission), and consequences of maternal infection during pregnancy to the outcomes of pregnancy. Within this video will be explicit and specific descriptions of exposures, such as kissing young children on the mouth, handling objects that have been or could have been in the mouths of young children, and the importance of hygiene after exposure to urine during diaper changing. After viewing the video, a nurse (or health educator) specifically trained to reinforce the information in the video will provide a brief behavioral skills session, and distribute a take home packet containing an information pamphlet. Study participants will receive weekly brief text messages for the initial 12 weeks to deliver reminders of recommended behaviors to limit risks of exposures. To power this study for a 50% difference in the outcome of pregnancy (delivery of a infant with cCMV infection) in a population with the incidence of cCMV of 0.6%, we have estimated that 4300 women will be required. Between the two hospitals and clinics that serve the population in this study, approximately 4700 deliveries take place per year. Our plan is to enroll patients over 2 years, thus we believe that we can enroll 5,000 women in this study.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
200

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Brazil
      • São Paulo, Brazil
        • University of Sao Paulo

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

1 hour to 25 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion:

  • Women in Ribeirao Preto who receive maternity care through the Hospital Das Clinicas, University of São Paulo and the Mater Hospital
  • enrollment in prenatal care before 23 weeks gestation

Exclusion:

  • late enrollment in prenatal care, after 23 weeks gestation
  • known major fetal anomalies or demise
  • planned termination of pregnancy
  • intention of the patient to deliver at a non-study hospital
  • referral for high risk prenatal care

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: women enrolled
pregnant women enrolled in trial
Diagnostic test: Women Enrolled
Diagnostic Testing will be performed. Results of individual test results will determine the degree of intervention offered.
Other: newborns of female study participants
newborns will be tested to determine if virus is present.
Diagnostic test: Newborns of Female Study Participants
Newborns will be tested after birth as soon as possible for CMV positivity.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
A 50% reduction in the overall incidence of congenital HCMV infections in this maternal population
Time Frame: baseline through 60 months
Participants will be tested using urine and blood to determine positivity for CMV
baseline through 60 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
efficient uptake of behavioral recommendations and modifications of simple hygiene behaviors
Time Frame: baseline through 60 months
Participants are educated on personal hygiene behaviors which have previously been shown to decrease exposure and acquisition of HCMV. Study visits will included survey for these questions.
baseline through 60 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Alabama at Birmingham

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: William J. Britt, MD, The University of Alabama at Birmingham

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 1, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 1, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 19, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 19, 2018

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 23, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 4, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 2, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • IRB-010810006

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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