The Comparison of Miniinvasive and Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Cancer Pancreaticobiliary Zone

January 17, 2026 updated by: State Budget Public Health Institution Scientific Research Institute - Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital
The Comparison of Miniinvasive and Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy for Cancer Pancreaticobiliary Zone

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Minimally invasive surgery is undoubtedly the method of choice for multiple gastrointestinal surgical procedures because of its minimally invasive nature and number of benefits such as reducing postoperative pain, shorter hospital stays, and earlier return to work. Current advances in technological innovation and surgical strategies have made surgical procedures on the pancreas a routine practice. However, the use of new surgical techniques in pancreatic surgery has been slow due to the complexity of the operations and the steep learning curve required for their use. For example, minimally invasive pancreatoduodenectomies (MIPD) have not yet become widespread. Due to these interventions have a complex reconstructive stage MIPD are still performed in a very few centers by specialized surgeons.

Although laparoscopic PD was first described in 1994 and the robotic approach in 2003, MIPD still account for less than 14% of all DPE cases. The multicenter randomized controlled trial (LEOPARD-2) for the first time compared laparoscopic and open pancreatoduodenectomy for pancreatic or periampullary tumors. The study that involved 99 patients did not reveal the superiority of laparoscopic PD (LPD) and provided an estimated mortality of 6%; 5 patients died in the laparoscopy group and 1 patient died in the group open PD. The trial was stopped early due to high mortality in the migratory invasive interventions group. Therefore, advantages of minimally invasive procedures for removal of pancreato-biliary zone tumors remain controversial.

In our study, we analyzed perioperative surgical outcomes and short-term survival outcomes in patients undergoing MIPD, including LPD and robotic PD (RPD), as well as "open" proximal pancreatoduodenectomy (OPD).

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
320

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • Russia
    • Krasnodarskiy Kray
      • Krasnodar, Krasnodarskiy Kray, Russia, 350068
        • Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital № 1

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

21 years to 80 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age: 21-75 years
  • Clinically/histologically established diagnosis of the cancer;
  • Preoperative imaging assessment is resectable or borderline resectable

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Benign tumors of the head of pancreas;
  • Distant metastasis;
  • Conversion to laparotomy;
  • Instrumental findings of the tumor process prevalence;
  • General somatic status on the ASA III-V scale;
  • Acute pancreatitis;
  • Hyperbilirubinemia above 60 μmol/L (3.51 mg/dl) ((normal range, 4-20 μmol/L)).
  • Patients with intraoperative positive express-histological presence of tumor growth along the border of the pancreas resection

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD)
Procedure: pancreaticoduodenectomy
Robotic Whipple operation Open Whipple operation Laparoscopic Whipple operation
Active Comparator: Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy (RPD)
Procedure: pancreaticoduodenectomy
Robotic Whipple operation Open Whipple operation Laparoscopic Whipple operation
Placebo Comparator: Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD)
Procedure: pancreaticoduodenectomy
Robotic Whipple operation Open Whipple operation Laparoscopic Whipple operation

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Overall complications
Time Frame: up to 30 days
The proportion of all complications after operation accounted for the total number of patients
up to 30 days
Pancreatic fistula
Time Frame: up to 30 days
The international study group (ISGPF) definition: A drain output of any measurable volume of fluid on or after postoperative day 3 with an amylase content greater than 3 times the serum amylase activity. Three different grades of postoperative fistula (grades A, B, C) are defined according to the clinical impact on the patient's hospital course.
up to 30 days
Intra-abdominal bleeding
Time Frame: up to 30 days
he International Study Group of Pancreatic Surgery (ISGPS) definition: Blood loss through abdominal drains or nasogastric tube;hematemesis or melena; clinical deterioration of the patient; unexplained hypotension or tachycardia; or laboratory findings such as a decreasing hemoglobin concentration.
up to 30 days
Intra-abdominal infection
Time Frame: up to 30 days
Positive cultures of collection of fluid or blood,or persistent fever necessitating treatment with antibiotics and positive detection in image test.
up to 30 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Length of hospital stay (day)
Time Frame: Up to postoperative 2 months
Participants will be followed for the duration of hospital stay, an expected average of 2 weeks
Up to postoperative 2 months

Other Outcome Measures

Other Outcome Measures

For clinical trials, a planned measurement described in the protocol that is used to determine the effect of an intervention/treatment on participants. For observational studies, a measurement or observation that is used to describe patterns of diseases or traits, or associations with exposures, risk factors, or treatment. Types of outcome measures include primary outcome measure and secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
progression-free survival
Time Frame: Up to postoperative 3 years
The period between the beginning of treatment and the observation of disease progression or the occurrence of death for any reason
Up to postoperative 3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
State Budget Public Health Institution Scientific Research Institute - Ochapovsky Regional Clinical Hospital

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2020

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 19, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
April 30, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 13, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 18, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 21, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
January 21, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 17, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 20210202ORCH

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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