The Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping in Violin Players

October 5, 2024 updated by: Tansu Birinci, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa (IUC)

The Effectiveness of Kinesio Taping on Playing-related Pain, Function and Muscle Strength in Violin Players: a Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of Kinesio taping (KT) on playing-related pain, upper extremity and hand function, grip and pinch strength in violin players. One hundred seventeen participants who were professional violinists for at least two years were randomized to receive either therapeutic tape application (KT group), a sham tape application (placebo group) or no application (control group) for one week. The primary outcome was the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) in one week. The secondary outcomes were the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Purdue Pegboard Test, grip and pinch strength. Outcome measures were performed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and one week later (follow-up). Participants were asked to play the "Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35", and pre-and post-performance pain and grip and pinch strength were assessed.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Kinesio tape (KT), an alternative taping technique, is a method consisting of a tape with elastic properties and stretching capabilities used to treat pain or prevent injuries in conjunction with exercise.It has been concluded that KT intervention might not be helpful to reduce dystonic patterns or improve playing ability in musicians with focal hand dystonia. However, there is no enough study to conclude the effectiveness of KT application in Playing-related musculoskeletal disorders. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of KT on playing-related pain, upper extremity and hand function, grip and pinch strength in violin players compared to placebo KT application and control. As a secondary outcome, the investigators explored whether the pre-and post-performance effect of the KT on playing-related pain and grip and pinch strength.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
117

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
    • Bakırkoy
      • Istanbul, Bakırkoy, Turkey, 34147
        • Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 35 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. aged between 18 and 35 years;
  2. professionally playing violin at least for two years;
  3. having playing-related musculoskeletal pain at neck and upper extremity [Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ≥3]
  4. ability to read and write in Turkish; and
  5. able to follow simple instructions.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. having significant musculoskeletal, neurologic, or cardiovascular disorders;
  2. a history of surgery on the upper limbs in the previous six months;
  3. the initiation of any analgesic intervention for musculoskeletal pain within the previous six weeks;
  4. known allergies to tape; and
  5. participation in physiotherapy and rehabilitation program in the last six months.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
No Intervention: Control group
No intervention.
Experimental: KT group
Participants were received single session therapeutic tape application for one week.
Other: Therapeutic tape
Tape was applied to sternocleidomastoid, upper trapezius, deltoid, flexor palmaris longus muscles as suggested by Kase et al. (Kase, Wallis, Kase, & Association, 2003). The tape was applied to the left side of the participants while sitting position because the violin is traditionally played by placing it on the left shoulder, balancing the neck using the left hand, and bowing with the right arm.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo group
Participants were received single session placebo tape application for one week.
Other: Placebo tape
The placebo tape was applied transverse to the muscle groups in two levels (a point of 10 cm above to wrist and elbow) with no tension when the participants were sitting position with the shoulder flexed at 90°, and the elbow flexed at 90°.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Upper extremity function
Time Frame: Baseline
The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score is a self-administered questionnaire designed to evaluate single or multiple disorders and impairment levels in the upper limbs. It comprises 30 core questions and optional eight questions, which are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (no difficulty - unable). The cumulative score is ranged from 0 to 100, where the higher scores indicate an increased degree of disability.
Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Upper extremity function
Time Frame: Follow-up (one week later)
The Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score is a self-administered questionnaire designed to evaluate single or multiple disorders and impairment levels in the upper limbs. It comprises 30 core questions and optional eight questions, which are scored on a 5-point Likert scale (no difficulty - unable). The cumulative score is ranged from 0 to 100, where the higher scores indicate an increased degree of disability.
Follow-up (one week later)
Playing-related pain
Time Frame: Baseline
Playing-related pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The participants were asked to indicate their perceived pain while playing the violin on the 10 cm line between no pain and terrible pain. The score was determined by measuring the distance on a 10 cm line using a ruler.
Baseline
Playing-related pain
Time Frame: Immediately after the intervention
Playing-related pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The participants were asked to indicate their perceived pain while playing the violin on the 10 cm line between no pain and terrible pain. The score was determined by measuring the distance on a 10 cm line using a ruler.
Immediately after the intervention
Playing-related pain
Time Frame: Follow-up (one week later)
Playing-related pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The participants were asked to indicate their perceived pain while playing the violin on the 10 cm line between no pain and terrible pain. The score was determined by measuring the distance on a 10 cm line using a ruler.
Follow-up (one week later)
Playing-related pain
Time Frame: After one-week intervention (before playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
Playing-related pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The participants were asked to indicate their perceived pain while playing the violin on the 10 cm line between no pain and terrible pain. The score was determined by measuring the distance on a 10 cm line using a ruler.
After one-week intervention (before playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
Playing-related pain
Time Frame: After one-week intervention (after playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
Playing-related pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The participants were asked to indicate their perceived pain while playing the violin on the 10 cm line between no pain and terrible pain. The score was determined by measuring the distance on a 10 cm line using a ruler.
After one-week intervention (after playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
Hand function
Time Frame: Baseline
The Purdue Pegboard Test was used to measure manual dexterity of both dominant and non-dominant hands. Participants were asked to place a pin in a vertical array of holes first with the right hand, then with the left hand, and following with both hands as quickly as possible in 30 s. In the final subtest, participants were asked to assemble a metal pin, washer, collar, and the second washer with both hands with the highest speed possible during 60 s.
Baseline
Hand function
Time Frame: Immediately after the intervention
The Purdue Pegboard Test was used to measure manual dexterity of both dominant and non-dominant hands. Participants were asked to place a pin in a vertical array of holes first with the right hand, then with the left hand, and following with both hands as quickly as possible in 30 s. In the final subtest, participants were asked to assemble a metal pin, washer, collar, and the second washer with both hands with the highest speed possible during 60 s.
Immediately after the intervention
Hand function
Time Frame: Follow-up (one week later)
The Purdue Pegboard Test was used to measure manual dexterity of both dominant and non-dominant hands. Participants were asked to place a pin in a vertical array of holes first with the right hand, then with the left hand, and following with both hands as quickly as possible in 30 s. In the final subtest, participants were asked to assemble a metal pin, washer, collar, and the second washer with both hands with the highest speed possible during 60 s.
Follow-up (one week later)
Hand function
Time Frame: After one-week intervention (before playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
The Purdue Pegboard Test was used to measure manual dexterity of both dominant and non-dominant hands. Participants were asked to place a pin in a vertical array of holes first with the right hand, then with the left hand, and following with both hands as quickly as possible in 30 s. In the final subtest, participants were asked to assemble a metal pin, washer, collar, and the second washer with both hands with the highest speed possible during 60 s.
After one-week intervention (before playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
Hand function
Time Frame: After one-week intervention (after playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
The Purdue Pegboard Test was used to measure manual dexterity of both dominant and non-dominant hands. Participants were asked to place a pin in a vertical array of holes first with the right hand, then with the left hand, and following with both hands as quickly as possible in 30 s. In the final subtest, participants were asked to assemble a metal pin, washer, collar, and the second washer with both hands with the highest speed possible during 60 s.
After one-week intervention (after playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
Grip and Pinch Strength
Time Frame: Baseline
A hydraulic hand dynamometer (Baseline Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer) is a practical tool to assess the hand's grip strength and pinch strength. For assessment of grip strength, the handle of the meter was adjusted at the second position. Each participant was instructed to squeeze the dynamometer's handle as hard as possible while positioning with the trunk upright; elbow flexed to 90°, forearm, and wrist in a neutral position. For assessment of pinch strength, the examiner held the distal end of the pinch gauge while the participant was instructed to squeeze the thumb pad according to different types of pinch grips (tip pinch, palmar pinch, key pinch). Assessments were repeated for the dominant and non-dominant hands. The mean values of the three grip strength and pinch strength measurements (kilogram-force) were calculated.
Baseline
Grip and Pinch Strength
Time Frame: Immediately after the intervention
A hydraulic hand dynamometer (Baseline Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer) is a practical tool to assess the hand's grip strength and pinch strength. For assessment of grip strength, the handle of the meter was adjusted at the second position. Each participant was instructed to squeeze the dynamometer's handle as hard as possible while positioning with the trunk upright; elbow flexed to 90°, forearm, and wrist in a neutral position. For assessment of pinch strength, the examiner held the distal end of the pinch gauge while the participant was instructed to squeeze the thumb pad according to different types of pinch grips (tip pinch, palmar pinch, key pinch). Assessments were repeated for the dominant and non-dominant hands. The mean values of the three grip strength and pinch strength measurements (kilogram-force) were calculated.
Immediately after the intervention
Grip and Pinch Strength
Time Frame: Follow up (one week later)
A hydraulic hand dynamometer (Baseline Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer) is a practical tool to assess the hand's grip strength and pinch strength. For assessment of grip strength, the handle of the meter was adjusted at the second position. Each participant was instructed to squeeze the dynamometer's handle as hard as possible while positioning with the trunk upright; elbow flexed to 90°, forearm, and wrist in a neutral position. For assessment of pinch strength, the examiner held the distal end of the pinch gauge while the participant was instructed to squeeze the thumb pad according to different types of pinch grips (tip pinch, palmar pinch, key pinch). Assessments were repeated for the dominant and non-dominant hands. The mean values of the three grip strength and pinch strength measurements (kilogram-force) were calculated.
Follow up (one week later)
Grip and Pinch Strength
Time Frame: After one-week intervention (before playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
A hydraulic hand dynamometer (Baseline Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer) is a practical tool to assess the hand's grip strength and pinch strength. For assessment of grip strength, the handle of the meter was adjusted at the second position. Each participant was instructed to squeeze the dynamometer's handle as hard as possible while positioning with the trunk upright; elbow flexed to 90°, forearm, and wrist in a neutral position. For assessment of pinch strength, the examiner held the distal end of the pinch gauge while the participant was instructed to squeeze the thumb pad according to different types of pinch grips (tip pinch, palmar pinch, key pinch). Assessments were repeated for the dominant and non-dominant hands. The mean values of the three grip strength and pinch strength measurements (kilogram-force) were calculated.
After one-week intervention (before playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
Grip and Pinch Strength
Time Frame: After one-week intervention (after playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)
A hydraulic hand dynamometer (Baseline Hydraulic Hand Dynamometer) is a practical tool to assess the hand's grip strength and pinch strength. For assessment of grip strength, the handle of the meter was adjusted at the second position. Each participant was instructed to squeeze the dynamometer's handle as hard as possible while positioning with the trunk upright; elbow flexed to 90°, forearm, and wrist in a neutral position. For assessment of pinch strength, the examiner held the distal end of the pinch gauge while the participant was instructed to squeeze the thumb pad according to different types of pinch grips (tip pinch, palmar pinch, key pinch). Assessments were repeated for the dominant and non-dominant hands. The mean values of the three grip strength and pinch strength measurements (kilogram-force) were calculated.
After one-week intervention (after playing Violin Concerto No.2, Op.35)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa (IUC)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Chair: Ebru Kaya Mutlu, PT, PhD, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa (IUC)

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 1, 2017

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 1, 2017

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 31, 2018

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 15, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 19, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 25, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
October 8, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 5, 2024

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 15082021

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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