Impact of Confirmed Autoimmune Encephalitis on Brain Glucose Metabolism (ENCEPHATAIP)

August 21, 2025 updated by: Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Impact of Confirmed Autoimmune Encephalitis on Brain Glucose Metabolism : a Prospective FDG PET Study

Prospective cohort study evaluating FDG PET in 56 patients with confirmed autoimmune encephalitis - based on 2016 Graus criteria, and 2021 paraneoplastic neurological syndromes criteria - at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment, or within 10 days of treatment initiation.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Autoimmune encephalitis is a diagnostic challenge, and requires early diagnosis for improved neurological outcomes. FDG PET has shown very high sensitivity, suggesting better performances than MRI, but almost exclusively in small sized retrospective studies. Brain FDG PET is therefore not included in current diagnostic criteria, conversely to brain MRI. This study will include 56 patients with confirmed - seropositive or seronegative - autoimmune encephalitis, based on 2016 Graus criteria for autoimmune encephalitis and 2021 criteria for paraneoplastic neurological syndromes. The main objective is to conduct a prospective evaluation of the diagnostic value of FDG PET performed in the acute phase before treatment initiation, or within 10 days of treatment initiation. A follow-up PET performed 3 months after treatment initiation will also be performed and analysed for all patients as part of secondary objective analyses.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
56

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • France
      • Paris, France, 75013
        • Recruiting
        • Hospital Pitie Salpetriere
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age ≥ 18 years old

  • Newly diagnosed autoimmune encephalitis based on at least 1 of the 3 following criteria :

    1. " Definite limbic autoimmune encephalitis " according to 2016 Graus et al. criteria
    2. " Possible autoimmune encephalitis " according to 2016 Graus et al. criteria AND typical autoantibody detected in serum or CSF
    3. " Probable or certain paraneoplastic neurological syndrome " according to Graus et al. 2021 criteria (excluding peripheral neurological syndromes)
  • Less than 6 months since first neurological symptoms imputable to autoimmune encephalitis
  • Affiliated or entitled to a social security system (except AME)
  • Obtaining free, written and informed consent (patient or legal representative or the close relative)

Exclusion criteria

  • History of brain tumor, head trauma, infarction or cerebral hematoma likely to result in altered cerebral carbohydrate metabolism on PET
  • Patients who hae been on immunotherapy (corticosteroid bolus, IVIg, plasma exchange, endoxan, rituximab or other immunotherapy) fr more than 10 days
  • Pregnant or breast-feeding woman
  • Ventilated intubated patient
  • Absolute contraindication to MRI (Pacemaker, cochlear implant, etc.)
  • Presence of cognitive disorders incompatible with goog cooperation with the PET scan
  • Algic or agitated patient unable to remain immobile in supine position for 30 minutes
  • Deprived of liberty or under a protective measure (guardianship or curatorship)
  • Patient taking part in other interventional research involving radiopharmaceutical injections

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: FDG PET
Other: FDG PET
Brain FDG PET performed 3 months after treatment initiation

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Main analysis of initial brain FDG PET
Time Frame: PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
Automated region-based and voxel wise quantitative PET analysis, estimation of the proportion of patients with PET anomalies (overall and by region of interest).
PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Analysis of follow-up brain FDG PET
Time Frame: PET performed 3 months after treatment initiation, compared to initial brain PET
Automated region-based and voxel wise quantitative PET analysis comparatively to initial brain PET
PET performed 3 months after treatment initiation, compared to initial brain PET
Secondary analysis of initial brain FDG PET
Time Frame: PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
Subgroup PET analysis according to autoantibody subtype or seronegative status
PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
Secondary analysis of initial brain FDG PET
Time Frame: PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
Correlation of main analysis results to important clinical variables (clinical symptomatology (typology and duration of symptoms), MRI, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), electroencephalogram (EEG).)
PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
Secondary analysis of initial brain FDG PET
Time Frame: PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
PET voxel-wise connectivity analysis
PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
Secondary analysis of initial and follow-up brain FDG PET
Time Frame: PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation), and follow-up PET 3 months after treatment initiation
Correlation of PET treatment response to clinical symptom treatment response
PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation), and follow-up PET 3 months after treatment initiation
Analysis of initial whole body FDG PET
Time Frame: PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)
Evaluation of whole body FDG PET diagnostic performance for identifying neoplasms in paraneoplastic syndromes
PET performed at the acute phase, before immunomodulating treatment (or within 10 days of treatment initiation)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Aurélie Kas, Pr, Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière - Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
May 31, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
April 30, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 31, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
October 6, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 6, 2023

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
October 12, 2023

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 22, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 21, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • APHP221163

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

YES

IPD Plan Description

The procedures carried out with the French data privacy authority (CNIL, Commission nationale de l'informatique et des libertés) do not provide for the transmission of the database, nor do the information and consent documents signed by the patients. Consultation by the editorial board or interested researchers of individual participant data that underlie the results reported in the article after deidentification may nevertheless be considered, subject to prior determination of the terms and conditions of such consultation and in respect for compliance with the applicable regulations.

IPD Sharing Time Frame

Beginning 3 months and ending 3 years following article publication. Requests out of these time frame can also be submitted to the sponsor

IPD Sharing Access Criteria

Researchers who provide a methodologically sound proposal.

IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type

  • STUDY_PROTOCOL
  • SAP
  • ICF

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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