The Effects of Tele-Rehabilitation in Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain

September 1, 2026 updated by: Pınar Kuyulu

The Effect of Tele-Rehabilitation on Pain, Kinesiophobia and Disability in Patients With Chronic Non-Specific Low Back Pain

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of telerehabilitation on pain, disability, kinesiophobia and normal range of motion in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. The study included 100 patients aged 18-64 years with chronic non-specific low back pain. In our study, McKenzie extension exercises were applied to 50 patients online via the zoom platform and to 50 patients face-to-face in the clinical environment under the supervision of a physiotherapist in charge. In our study, pain was assessed with the VAS, disability was assessed with the ODI, kinesiophobia was assessed with the TKS, and ROM was assessed with a goniometer. As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference in VAS values between both groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in both groups according to the measurement times and the pain level decreased in both groups. As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference in ODI values between both groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in both groups according to the measurement times and the level of disability decreased in both groups. As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in TKS values and no difference was observed according to the measurement times in both groups. As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference in ROM values between both groups, a statistically significant difference was observed in both groups according to the measurement times and ROM values increased. In conclusion, telerehabilitation in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain is as effective as face-to-face exercise training in improving pain, disability and range of motion levels, but the effect of telerehabilitation on improving kinesiophobia has not been found.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of telerehabilitation on pain, disability, kinesiophobia and normal range of motion in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. The study included 100 patients aged 18-64 years with chronic non-specific low back pain. In our study, McKenzie extension exercises were applied to 50 patients online via the zoom platform and to 50 patients face-to-face in the clinical environment under the supervision of a physiotherapist in charge. In our study, pain was assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), disability was assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), kinesiophobia was assessed with the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS), and Range of Motion (ROM) was assessed with a goniometer. As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference in VAS values between both groups (p>0.05), a statistically significant difference was observed in both groups according to the measurement times and the pain level decreased in both groups (p<0.05). As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference in ODI values between both groups (p>0,05), a statistically significant difference was observed in both groups according to the measurement times and the level of disability decreased in both groups (p<0,05). As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in TKS values (p>0,05) and no difference was observed according to the measurement times in both groups (p>0,05). As a result of our study, there was no statistically significant difference in ROM values between both groups (p>0.05), a statistically significant difference was observed in both groups according to the measurement times and ROM values increased (p<0.05). In conclusion, telerehabilitation in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain is as effective as face-to-face exercise training in improving pain, disability and range of motion levels, but the effect of telerehabilitation on improving kinesiophobia has not been found.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
100

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Gaziantep
      • Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey (Türkiye), 27090
        • Sanko University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being between 18-64 years of age,
  • Having non-specific low back pain for ≥3 months,
  • Not having radicular symptoms related to low back pain

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of surgery on the spine and/or extremities,
  • Diagnosis of malignancy,
  • Orthopaedic and neurological disorders affecting the evaluation and treatment, - Psychiatric illness,
  • Physical therapy for low back pain in the last six months,
  • Being pregnant.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Tele-rehabilitation group
Tele-rehabilitation exercise was applied to this group.
Other: Tele-rehabilitation exercise
For this group, McKenzie extension exercises were applied to 50 patients online via the zoom platform.
Active Comparator: Face-to-face group
This group underwent conventional face-to-face exercise.
Other: Face-to-face exercise
For this group, 50 patients face-to-face in the clinical environment under the supervision of a physiotherapist in charge.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Disability
Time Frame: 18 months
In our study, disability has assessed with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI).
18 months
Pain intensity
Time Frame: 18 months
In our study, pain has assessed with the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Scores range from 0 to 10
18 months
Kinesiophobia
Time Frame: 18 months
In our study, kinesiophobia has assessed with the Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale (TKS). Scores range from 17 to 68 points.
18 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Range of motion
Time Frame: 18 months
In our study, Range of Motion (ROM) has assessed with a goniometer.
18 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Pınar Kuyulu

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Director: Arzu Demirguc, PhD, Professor, Sanko University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
December 10, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 30, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 29, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 8, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 13, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 2, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 1, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
November 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2023/25

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

IPD Plan Description

The publication of the scientific article in a journal might be shared with other researchers.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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