Safety and Efficacy of De-escalation Dual Antiplatelet Therapy After BioFreedom™ Stenting in ACS Patients With Moderate-to-high Ischemic and High Bleeding Risk

January 20, 2026 updated by: Han Yaling, Shenyang Northern Hospital

Optimization and Verification of Quality Control Indicators for Coronary Revascularization Based on Antiplatelet Therapy: Safety and Efficacy of De-escalation Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Moderate-to-high Ischemic Risk and High Bleeding Risk ACS Patients After BioFreedom™ Drug-Coated Coronary Stenting

Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who have both high ischemic risk and high bleeding risk represent a challenging population following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), as prolonged dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) may reduce ischemic events but increases bleeding complications.This prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled study evaluates the safety and effectiveness of an optimized PCI and antiplatelet therapy strategy in ACS patients with moderate-to-high ischemic risk and high bleeding risk. Eligible patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either an experimental strategy consisting of intravascular ultrasound-guided implantation of a polymer-free drug-coated stent followed by one month of DAPT and subsequent single antiplatelet therapy, or a control strategy consisting of angiography-guided implantation of contemporary drug-eluting stents followed by standard 12-month DAPT.The primary hypothesis is that the experimental strategy will reduce the incidence of net adverse clinical events, defined as a composite of ischemic and bleeding outcomes, compared with conventional PCI and prolonged DAPT. Participants will be followed for 12 months after the index procedure.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This study is a prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate an optimized revascularization and antiplatelet therapy strategy in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who present with both moderate-to-high ischemic risk and high bleeding risk.Eligible patients aged 18 years or older who meet Academic Research Consortium-High Bleeding Risk criteria and have an OPT-CAD score of 90 or higher will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to an experimental group or a control group. Patients in the experimental group will undergo intravascular ultrasound-guided PCI with implantation of a polymer-free drug-coated coronary stent, followed by one month of dual antiplatelet therapy consisting of aspirin and a P2Y12 inhibitor, and subsequent single antiplatelet therapy. Patients in the control group will undergo angiography-guided PCI with implantation of contemporary drug-eluting stents and receive standard dual antiplatelet therapy for 12 months.Clinical follow-up will be conducted at discharge and at 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months after the index procedure. Clinical data collected during follow-up will include ischemic events, bleeding events, antiplatelet therapy use, and adverse events.The primary endpoint is the incidence of net adverse clinical events at 12 months, defined as a composite of ischemic and bleeding outcomes, including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, definite stent thrombosis, clinically driven target vessel revascularization, or bleeding events classified according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium criteria. Secondary endpoints include clinically relevant bleeding and ischemic outcomes.Study data will be collected using a centralized electronic data capture system with predefined data validation rules and audit trails. Data quality will be ensured through investigator training, standardized operating procedures, automated range and consistency checks, and regular site monitoring with source data verification against source documents. A predefined data dictionary will describe all registry variables, including definitions, coding information, and clinically relevant ranges where applicable. Missing data will be addressed according to a prespecified statistical analysis plan.The planned sample size is 468 participants, providing adequate statistical power to detect differences in the primary endpoint using an intention-to-treat analytical approach.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
468

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • China
    • Liaoning
      • Shenyang, Liaoning, China, 110000
        • General Hospital of Northern Theater Command

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged ≥ 18 years old
  • ACS patients with high bleeding risk (meeting the ARC-HBR criteria)
  • Moderate-to-high ischemic risk (OPT-CAD score ≥ 90)
  • Predicted by the investigator to be able to tolerate 12 months of DAPT
  • Voluntarily participate and sign the informed consent form, and be willing to receive the designated follow-up of this trial at specific time points
  • Coronary artery lesions are primary and in-situ coronary artery lesions
  • Target lesion diameter stenosis ≥ 70% or ≥ 50% (visual estimation) accompanied by evidence of myocardial ischemia

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with known allergy or contraindication to P2Y12 inhibitors, aspirin, or contrast agents
  • Patients planning to undergo surgical intervention within 12 months
  • Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) < 35%
  • Patients with contraindications to PCI
  • Patients with a history of substance abuse (alcohol, cocaine, heroin, etc.), or with an expected life expectancy of less than 1 year
  • Subjects with poor compliance or judged by the investigator to be unsuitable for participating in the study
  • Female patients who are planning to be pregnant or are pregnant/lactating, and male patients planning to impregnate
  • Chronic total occlusion lesions
  • Lesions involving the left main coronary artery
  • Severe calcified and tortuous lesions

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided implantation of BioFreedom™ drug-coated coronary stent system
1 month of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT: aspirin 100mg/day + clopidogrel 75mg/day or ticagrelor 90mg twice daily) followed by 11 months of single antiplatelet therapy (SAPT: clopidogrel 75mg/day or ticagrelor 90mg twice daily)
Device: IVUS-guided BioFreedomTM Drug-Coated Stent Implantation + 1-Month DAPT Followed by 11-Month P2Y12 Inhibitor Monotherapy
Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided implantation of BioFreedom™ polymer-free drug-coated stent, followed by 1-month dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT: aspirin + P2Y12 inhibitor) and 11-month P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy for ACS patients with high bleeding and intermediate-to-high ischemic risk.
Other: Angiography-guided implantation of other drug-eluting stents (DES)
12 months of conventional dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT: aspirin 100mg/day + clopidogrel 75mg/day or ticagrelor 90mg twice daily)
Device: Angiography-guided Conventional Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation + 12-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (Aspirin + P2Y12 Inhibitor)
Coronary angiography-guided implantation of conventional drug-eluting stent (DES), with 12-month standard DAPT (aspirin + P2Y12 inhibitor) for the same patient population.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The 12-month incidence of Net Adverse Clinical Events (NACE)
Time Frame: 12 Months
NACE is defined as a composite endpoint of bleeding and ischemic events, including cardiac death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, definite stent thrombosis, clinically driven target vessel revascularization, or any bleeding (BARC defined type 1, 2, 3, 5 bleeding according to the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium [BARC]) (for superiority assessment).
12 Months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The 12-month incidence of clinically relevant bleeding events (for superiority assessment)
Time Frame: 12 Months
12 Months
Clinically relevant bleeding events refer to BARC defined type 2, 3, 5 bleeding
Time Frame: 12 Months
12 Months
The incidence of NACE and clinically relevant bleeding events (including BARC type 2, 3, 5 bleeding) at 30 days and 6 months
Time Frame: 30 days and 6 months
30 days and 6 months
Incidence of clinically driven target lesion revascularization (CD-TLR)at 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of major bleeding events (including BARC type 3, 5 bleeding)at 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of BARC type 1, 2, 3, 5 bleeding at 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of definite or probable in-stent thrombosis events at 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Thrombotic events refer to definite or probable in-stent thrombosis as defined by the Academic Research Consortium (ARC).
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of Target Vessel Failure (TVF)
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Defined as a composite endpoint of cardiac death, target vessel myocardial infarction, and clinically driven target vessel revascularization.
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE)
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Defined as a composite endpoint of cardiac death, myocardial infarction, and target vessel revascularization.
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of Major Adverse Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE)
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Defined as a composite endpoint of all-cause death, myocardial infarction, stroke, or clinically driven coronary revascularization.
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of all-cause death
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of cardiac death
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of ischemic stroke
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
Incidence of target vessel revascularization
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
DAPT discontinuation rate
Time Frame: 30 days, 6 months, and 12 months
30 days, 6 months, and 12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Shenyang Northern Hospital

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai Hospital

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

  • Tan Mengqin, Yin Chune, Wang Fujun. Interpretation of the 2018 Updated Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction. Journal of Practical Electrocardiology 2018; 27(06): 381-5.
  • Cao D, Vranckx P, Valgimigli M, et al. One- versus three-month dual antiplatelet therapy in high bleeding risk patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. EuroIntervention 2024; 20(10): e630-e42.
  • Valgimigli M, Frigoli E, Heg D, et al. Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after PCI in Patients at High Bleeding Risk. New England Journal of Medicine 2021; 385(18): 1643-55.
  • Urban P, Meredith IT, Abizaid A, et al. Polymer-free drug-coated coronary stents in patients at high bleeding risk. New England Journal of Medicine 2015; 373(21): 2038-47.
  • Byrne RA, Rossello X, Coughlan JJ, et al. 2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of acute coronary syndromes: Developed by the task force on the management of acute coronary syndromes of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). European Heart Journal: Acute Cardiovascular Care 2024; 13(1): 55-161.
  • Rao SV, O'Donoghue ML, Ruel M, et al. 2025 ACC/AHA/ACEP/NAEMSP/SCAI Guideline for the Management of Patients With Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines. Circulation 2025.
  • Chinese Society of Cardiology, Editorial Board of Chinese Journal of Cardiology. Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Non-ST-segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome (2024). Chinese Journal of Cardiology 2024; 52(06): 615-46.
  • Liu Mingbo, He Xinye, Yang Xiaohong, Wang Zengwu, Hu Shengshou. Summary of "China Cardiovascular Health and Disease Report 2023" (Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Diseases and Status of Interventional Diagnosis and Treatment). Chinese Journal of Interventional Cardiology 2024; 32(10): 541-50.
  • Yin Peng, Qi Jinlei, Liu Yunning, et al. China's Disease Burden Study Report 2005-2017. Chinese Circulation Journal 2019; 34(12): 1145-54.
  • Li Pengxiao. Long-term Prognosis and Influencing Factors of ACS Patients with High Bleeding Risk after PCI [Master's Thesis]; 2023.
  • Ge Z, Kan J, Gao X, et al. Ticagrelor alone versus ticagrelor plus aspirin from month 1 to month 12 after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ULTIMATE-DAPT): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. The Lancet 2024; 403(10439): 1866-78.
  • Li X, Ge Z, Kan J, et al. Intravascular ultrasound-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndromes (IVUS-ACS): a two-stage, multicentre, randomised trial. The Lancet 2024; 403(10439): 1855-65.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 30, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 30, 2029

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
January 20, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 20, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
January 29, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
January 29, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
January 20, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2025ZD0546702-RCT

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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