Iatrogenic Atrial Septal Defect Gradient for Intraprocedural Success After M-teer (IASIS)

August 29, 2026 updated by: Konstantinos Tsioufis, Hippocration General Hospital

Iatrogenic ASD Gradient as a Marker of Residual Mitral Regurgitation Severity After M-TEER Procedure

Transcatheter mitral edge-to-edge repair (M-TEER) has become an established minimally invasive therapy for patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) who are at high or prohibitive surgical risk. However, accurate quantification of residual MR after M-TEER remains challenging. In this direction, the hemodynamic significance of the post-procedural iatrogenic atrial septal defect (iASD) gradient is unknown. The objective of this study is to assess the relationship between the post-procedural iASD pressure gradient and the severity of residual MR with intraprocedural echocardiographic and hemodynamic parameters.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

The present study plans to enroll patients with high or prohibitive surgical risk and moderate-to-severe or severe symptomatic MR, despite the administration of maximally tolerated doses of guideline-directed medical therapy and, if appropriate, cardiac resynchronization therapy. Patients with severe tricuspid regurgitation, post-procedural transmitral gradient >5 mmHg, right-to-left shunt requiring iASD closure, or refusal to provide written informed consent will be excluded. All intraoperative transesophageal echo loops will be acquired using an EPIQ ultrasound system (Philips, Eindhoven, Netherlands) with an X8-2t transesophageal probe. At the end of the procedure, in the mid-esophageal aortic valve short-axis view, flow across the iASD will be assessed immediately after catheter withdrawal from the left atrium using continuous-wave Doppler interrogation. Through a cardiac cycle, the mean pressure gradient between the left and right atria will be calculated while maintaining hemodynamic stability. Digitally stored image loops will be analyzed offline. Blinded analysis will be performed by an independent investigator. For assessment of residual MR, multiplanar reconstruction will be used, and the largest systolic 3D-VCA will be measured. When multiple regurgitant jets are present, the total regurgitant orifice area will be calculated as the sum of the individual 3D-VCAs. The primary endpoint is to determine the association and diagnostic performance of the post-procedural mean left-to-right iASD pressure gradient, measured immediately after catheter withdrawal, for identifying moderate-or-greater residual mitral regurgitation after M-TEER, as assessed by blinded offline 3D-VCA analysis.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
100

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Greece
      • Athens, Greece, 11521
        • First Cardiology Department, Hippokration General Hospital

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • patients with high or prohibitive surgical risk and moderate-to-severe or severe symptomatic MR, despite the administration of maximally tolerated doses of guideline-directed medical therapy and, if appropriate, cardiac resynchronization therapy
  • patients undergoing M-TEER as a bridge to heart transplantation

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with post-procedural transmitral gradient ≥5 mmHg,
  • Patients with right-to-left shunt requiring iASD closure,
  • Patients, who decline to provide written informed consent.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Diagnostic
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Other: M-TEER patients
high- or prohibitive-surgical-risk patients with severe mitral regurgitation
Procedure: M-TEER
Hemodynamic and echocardiographic assessment of M-TEER procedural success

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
post-procedural mean left-to-right iASD pressure gradient, measured immediately after catheter withdrawal, for identifying moderate-or-greater residual mitral regurgitation after M-TEER
Time Frame: The iASD gradient, echocardiographic and hemodynamic markers of procedural success will be assessed immediately after catheter withdrawal at the end of the M-TEER procedure.
The iASD gradient, echocardiographic and hemodynamic markers of procedural success will be assessed immediately after catheter withdrawal at the end of the M-TEER procedure.
the cut-off point of iASD gradient for identifying mild or trivial mitral regurgitation after M-TEER procedure
Time Frame: 4 years
To determine the cut-off point of the post-procedural iASD gradient for identifying mild or trivial residual mitral regurgitation after M-TEER procedure
4 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Hippocration General Hospital

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

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Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
September 9, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 10, 2028

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 10, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
July 11, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 29, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 1, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 1, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 29, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
August 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 22532/19-12-2023

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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