Prospective Stratified Randomized Four-Group Study of Cabin Class and Graduated Compression Stockings on Popliteal Vein Dilation After Long-Haul Air Travel After Aesthetic Surgery

September 7, 2026 updated by: Research Inc
This four-group prospective study will enroll travelers who have independently booked economy or premium business/first-class flights to Bogota. Within each cabin stratum, participants will be randomized to moderate graduated compression stockings or no stockings. Bilateral popliteal vein ultrasound will be performed before flight, within 2 hours after arrival, and at 24 and 48 hours. The primary outcome is the interaction between cabin class and compression assignment for change in mean bilateral popliteal vein diameter.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Participants will enter the study according to their prebooked cabin class and then be randomized within that stratum to wear properly fitted knee-high graduated compression stockings or no compression during the flight. The design creates four groups. Standardized bilateral ultrasound will quantify venous diameter and cross-sectional area before departure and through 48 hours after arrival, before surgery. Mixed-effects models will estimate the randomized stocking effect, the adjusted cabin-class association, and their interaction. The protocol will record seat characteristics, ambulation, hydration, adherence, symptoms, and safety events.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
200

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18 to 65 years.
  • Commercial itinerary to Bogota with at least 4 hours of total airborne time.
  • Prebooked premium business/first-class or economy-class cabin documented before randomization.
  • No medical requirement for or contraindication to graduated compression stockings.
  • Ability to complete standardized ultrasound before flight and through 48 hours after arrival before surgery.
  • Written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current deep venous thrombosis, therapeutic anticoagulation, or severe peripheral arterial disease.
  • Pregnancy.
  • Lower-extremity skin, neurologic, or anatomic condition preventing safe stocking use or ultrasound.
  • Cabin upgrade or downgrade after randomization that changes the prespecified stratum.
  • Surgery or major intravenous fluid therapy before the 48-hour examination.
  • Inability to follow the randomized stocking assignment.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Economy Cabin Plus Compression
Participants with a prebooked economy itinerary randomized to knee-high moderate graduated compression stockings.
Device: Knee-High Graduated Compression Stockings
PROPOSED pressure class: 20-30 mmHg at the ankle, properly fitted and worn from approximately 1 hour before boarding through the arrival ultrasound. Product and pressure class require confirmation. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Plus Compression.
Other: Economy Cabin Exposure
Prebooked and completed economy-cabin travel; seat characteristics and behavior are measured but not assigned. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Economy Cabin Without Compression.
Diagnostic test: Standardized Bilateral Popliteal Vein Ultrasound
Triplicate bilateral diameter and cross-sectional-area measurements before flight and at arrival, 24 hours, and 48 hours by an assessor masked to stocking allocation. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Economy Cabin Without Compression, Premium Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Without Compression.
Active Comparator: Economy Cabin Without Compression
Participants with a prebooked economy itinerary randomized to no compression stockings.
Other: Economy Cabin Exposure
Prebooked and completed economy-cabin travel; seat characteristics and behavior are measured but not assigned. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Economy Cabin Without Compression.
Diagnostic test: Standardized Bilateral Popliteal Vein Ultrasound
Triplicate bilateral diameter and cross-sectional-area measurements before flight and at arrival, 24 hours, and 48 hours by an assessor masked to stocking allocation. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Economy Cabin Without Compression, Premium Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Without Compression.
Experimental: Premium Cabin Plus Compression
Participants with a prebooked business/first-class itinerary randomized to knee-high moderate graduated compression stockings.
Device: Knee-High Graduated Compression Stockings
PROPOSED pressure class: 20-30 mmHg at the ankle, properly fitted and worn from approximately 1 hour before boarding through the arrival ultrasound. Product and pressure class require confirmation. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Plus Compression.
Diagnostic test: Standardized Bilateral Popliteal Vein Ultrasound
Triplicate bilateral diameter and cross-sectional-area measurements before flight and at arrival, 24 hours, and 48 hours by an assessor masked to stocking allocation. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Economy Cabin Without Compression, Premium Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Without Compression.
Other: Premium Cabin Exposure
Prebooked and completed business/first-class travel; seat characteristics and behavior are measured but not assigned. Linked arm/group(s): Premium Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Without Compression.
Active Comparator: Premium Cabin Without Compression
Participants with a prebooked business/first-class itinerary randomized to no compression stockings.
Diagnostic test: Standardized Bilateral Popliteal Vein Ultrasound
Triplicate bilateral diameter and cross-sectional-area measurements before flight and at arrival, 24 hours, and 48 hours by an assessor masked to stocking allocation. Linked arm/group(s): Economy Cabin Plus Compression, Economy Cabin Without Compression, Premium Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Without Compression.
Other: Premium Cabin Exposure
Prebooked and completed business/first-class travel; seat characteristics and behavior are measured but not assigned. Linked arm/group(s): Premium Cabin Plus Compression, Premium Cabin Without Compression.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Cabin-Class-by-Compression Interaction in Change in Popliteal Vein Diameter
Time Frame: Within 24 hours before departure and within 2 hours after arrival at the study site. 3 days
Interaction term between prebooked cabin stratum and randomized stocking assignment for the change in participant-level mean bilateral popliteal vein diameter from preflight baseline to arrival.
Within 24 hours before departure and within 2 hours after arrival at the study site. 3 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Randomized Compression Stocking Effect on Arrival-Related Diameter Change
Time Frame: Within 24 hours before departure and within 2 hours after arrival. 3 days
Adjusted mean difference between stocking and no-stocking assignments overall and separately within each cabin stratum.
Within 24 hours before departure and within 2 hours after arrival. 3 days
Adjusted Cabin-Class Association With Arrival-Related Diameter Change
Time Frame: Within 24 hours before departure and within 2 hours after arrival. 3 days
Adjusted mean difference between premium and economy cabin groups overall and separately by stocking assignment. This contrast is observational because cabin class is not randomized.
Within 24 hours before departure and within 2 hours after arrival. 3 days
Four-Group Popliteal Vein Diameter Trajectory
Time Frame: Within 24 hours before departure; within 2 hours after arrival; 24 +/- 2 hours; and 48 +/- 2 hours after arrival. 3 days
Estimated mean bilateral diameter and change from baseline in each of the four groups across postarrival time points.
Within 24 hours before departure; within 2 hours after arrival; 24 +/- 2 hours; and 48 +/- 2 hours after arrival. 3 days

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Research Inc

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Hugo Aguilar

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 12, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
September 2, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 7, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
September 9, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
September 9, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
September 7, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
September 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 018

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

not contempled in the patient informed concent

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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