- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT00150891
Th1, Th2 and Monokine Responses as Risk Factors of Renal Transplant Rejection
Role of Th1, Th2 and Monokine Responses as Risk Factors of Acute and Chronic Renal Transplant Rejection - Impact of Different Immunosuppressive Protocols
Chronic transplant rejection remains the main cause of late kidney graft loss. We showed previously that patients with pretransplant CD4 helper defects and low in-vitro IL-10 responses demonstrated an extremely low risk of acute rejection and a significantly better 1- and 3-year graft function whereas pretransplant Th1 responses were not predictive (Weimer R et al. 1996 and 1998). In liver transplant recipients, we found CD4 helper function and in-vitro IL-10 responses significantly decreased compared to CsA-treated patients (Zipperle et al. 1997). If the same effect will be demonstrated in renal transplant recipients, Tacrolimus (Tacr) treatment might result in enhanced graft survival compared to CsA, when CD4 helper function and in-vitro IL-10 responses of the individual patient are elevated. Other studies of our group suggest a beneficial role of enhanced T-suppressor activity and of an IL-6 independent B cell/monocyte defect in the maintenance of long-term stable graft function, whereas enhanced monokine secretion (TNF-a, GM-CSF, IL-6) was found in chronic rejection (Weimer et al. 1990, 1992, 1994, 1998).
In the current randomized prospective study we will analyze the impact of CsA versus Tacr and of MMF versus azathioprine on Th1, Th2 and monokine responses and their predictive value regarding occurrence of acute and chronic rejection. With a proposed follow-up of 5 years this study might enable a patient-tailored immunosuppressive therapy resulting in prolonged graft survival.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Chronic transplant rejection remains the main cause of late kidney graft loss. We showed previously that patients with pretransplant CD4 helper defects and low in-vitro IL-10 responses demonstrated an extremely low risk of acute rejection and a significantly better 1- and 3-year graft function whereas pretransplant Th1 responses were not predictive (Weimer R et al. 1996 and 1998). In liver transplant recipients, we found CD4 helper function and in-vitro IL-10 responses significantly decreased compared to CsA-treated patients (Zipperle et al. 1997). If the same effect will be demonstrated in renal transplant recipients, Tacrolimus (Tacr) treatment might result in enhanced graft survival compared to CsA, when CD4 helper function and in-vitro IL-10 responses of the individual patient are elevated. Other studies of our group suggest a beneficial role of enhanced T-suppressor activity and of an IL-6 independent B cell/monocyte defect in the maintenance of long-term stable graft function, whereas enhanced monokine secretion (TNF-a, GM-CSF, IL-6) was found in chronic rejection (Weimer et al. 1990, 1992, 1994, 1998).
In the current randomized prospective study we will analyze the impact of CsA versus Tacr and of MMF versus azathioprine (Aza; 3 treatment groups: CsA/Aza, CsA/MMF and Tacr/Aza; steroid and prophylactic ATG treatment according to the Giessen protocol) on immune parameters and their predictive value regarding occurrence of acute and chronic rejection. As immune parameters we will assess CD4 helper function, in-vitro IL-4 and IL-10 responses of T cells and CD4+ T cells, respectively, in allogeneic cocultures of patient T cells with control B cells and in PHA-stimulated T cell cultures, T-cell dependent (PWM-stimulated allogeneic cocultures) and T-independent (SAC I-stimulated B cell cultures) immunoglobulin-secreting cell (ISC) responses, B-cell IL-6 and IL-10 responses and monokine responses (LPS-stimulated monocyte cultures) pretransplant, and 4 months, 1 year, 2 years and 5 years posttransplant. Serum cytokines and easily measurable parameters as neopterin, sIL-1RA and sCD30 will be assessed at the same time points. The same is true for flow cytometric analysis of cytokine receptor, adhesion molecule, costimulator molecule and surface molecule expression, respectively, which play an important role in cell-cell interactions and tolerance induction. Cytokine promoter gene polymorphisms will be determined to potentially enable pretransplant risk estimation. To establish a broadly available and rapid diagnostic method, we will compare the data of intracellular cytokine testing with the results of the much more difficult and time consuming coculture analyses used in our previous studies.
With a proposed follow-up of 5 years this prospective randomized study might enable a patient-tailored immunosuppressive therapy resulting in better graft function and prolonged graft survival by preventing chronic allograft rejection.
Weimer R, Pomer S, Staehler G, Opelz G. Increased T suppressor activity in renal transplant recipients with long-term stable graft function. Clinical Transplantation 1990; 4: 280-286
Weimer R, Zipperle S, Daniel V, Pomer S, Staehler G, Opelz G. In vitro B cell response in long-term renal transplant recipients. Transplant Proc 1992; 24(6): 2537-2538
Weimer R, Zipperle S, Daniel V, Pomer S, Staehler G, Opelz G. IL-6 independent monocyte/B cell defect in renal transplant recipients with long-term stable graft function. Transplantation 1994; 57(1): 54-59
Weimer R, Zipperle S, Daniel V, Carl S, Staehler G, Opelz G. Pretransplant CD4 helper function and IL-10 response predict risk of acute kidney graft rejection. Transplantation 1996; 62(11): 1606-1614
Zipperle S, Weimer R, Golling M, Daniel V, Otto G, Opelz G. Impaired T cell IL-10 secretion and CD4 helper function in liver transplant patients treated with tacrolimus. Transplant Proc 1997; 29(1-2): 1079-1080
Weimer R, Zipperle S, Daniel V, Carl S, Staehler G, Opelz G. Superior 3-year kidney graft function in patients with impaired pretransplant Th2 responses. Transplant Int 1998; 11 (Suppl 1): 350-356
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Giessen, Germany, D-35392
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Giessen
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Renal transplant recipients in the Giessen renal transplant unit
Exclusion Criteria:
- Contraindications against blood-taking (anemia with hemoglobin<9.5 g/l, hypotension etc.)
- No informed consent by the patient
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Observational Models: Defined Population
- Time Perspectives: Prospective
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Rolf Weimer, Prof. Dr., Department of Internal Medicine, University of Giessen, Germany
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Weimer R, Mytilineos J, Feustel A, Preiss A, Daniel V, Grimm H, Wiesel M, Opelz G. Mycophenolate mofetil-based immunosuppression and cytokine genotypes: effects on monokine secretion and antigen presentation in long-term renal transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2003 Jun 27;75(12):2090-9. doi: 10.1097/01.TP.0000058808.37349.23.
- Weimer R, Melk A, Daniel V, Friemann S, Padberg W, Opelz G. Switch from cyclosporine A to tacrolimus in renal transplant recipients: impact on Th1, Th2, and monokine responses. Hum Immunol. 2000 Sep;61(9):884-97. doi: 10.1016/s0198-8859(00)00152-x.
- Weimer R, Zipperle S, Daniel V, Carl S, Staehler G, Opelz G. Superior 3-year kidney graft function in patients with impaired pretransplant Th2 responses. Transpl Int. 1998;11 Suppl 1:S350-6. doi: 10.1007/s001470050496.
- Zipperle S, Weimer R, Golling M, Daniel V, Otto G, Opelz G. Impaired T-cell IL-10 secretion and CD4 helper function in liver transplant patients treated with tacrolimus. Transplant Proc. 1997 Feb-Mar;29(1-2):1079-80. doi: 10.1016/s0041-1345(96)00411-3. No abstract available.
- Weimer R, Zipperle S, Daniel V, Carl S, Staehler G, Opelz G. Pretransplant CD4 helper function and interleukin 10 response predict risk of acute kidney graft rejection. Transplantation. 1996 Dec 15;62(11):1606-14. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199612150-00014.
- Weimer R, Zipperle S, Daniel V, Pomer S, Staehler G, Opelz G. IL-6 independent monocyte/B cell defect in renal transplant recipients with long-term stable graft function. Transplantation. 1994 Jan;57(1):54-9. doi: 10.1097/00007890-199401000-00011.
- Weimer R, Streller S, Staak A, Heilke M, Li D, Dietrich H, Daniel V, Feustel A, Rainer L, Zinn S, Friemann S, Ernst W, Grimm H, Padberg W, Zimmermann T, Opelz G. Effects of three immunosuppressive regimens on CD4 helper function, B cell monocyte and cytokine responses in renal transplant recipients: 4-month follow-up of a prospective randomized study. Transplant Proc. 2002 Sep;34(6):2377-8. doi: 10.1016/s0041-1345(02)03278-5. No abstract available.
- Weimer R, Staak A, Susal C, Streller S, Yildiz S, Pelzl S, Renner F, Dietrich H, Daniel V, Rainer L, Kamali-Ernst S, Ernst W, Padberg W, Opelz G. ATG induction therapy: long-term effects on Th1 but not on Th2 responses. Transpl Int. 2005 Feb;18(2):226-36. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2004.00047.x.
- Weimer R, Susal C, Yildiz S, Streller S, Pelzl S, Staak A, Renner F, Dietrich H, Daniel V, Feuring E, Kamali-Ernst S, Ernst W, Padberg W, Opelz G. sCD30 and neopterin as risk factors of chronic renal transplant rejection: impact of cyclosporine A, tacrolimus, and mycophenolate mofetil. Transplant Proc. 2005 May;37(4):1776-8. doi: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.02.088.
- Weimer R, Susal C, Yildiz S, Staak A, Pelzl S, Renner F, Dietrich H, Daniel V, Kamali-Ernst S, Ernst W, Padberg W, Opelz G. Post-transplant sCD30 and neopterin as predictors of chronic allograft nephropathy: impact of different immunosuppressive regimens. Am J Transplant. 2006 Aug;6(8):1865-74. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01407.x. Epub 2006 Jun 9.
- Weimer R, Ettrich M, Renner F, Dietrich H, Susal C, Deisz S, Padberg W, Opelz G. ATG induction in renal transplant recipients: Long-term hazard of severe infection is associated with long-term functional T cell impairment but not the ATG-induced CD4 cell decline. Hum Immunol. 2014 Jun;75(6):561-9. doi: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.02.015. Epub 2014 Feb 12.
- Weimer R, Deisz S, Dietrich H, Renner F, Bodeker RH, Daniel V, Kamali-Ernst S, Ernst W, Padberg W, Opelz G. Impact of maintenance immunosuppressive regimens--balance between graft protective suppression of immune functions and a near physiological immune response. Transpl Int. 2011 Jun;24(6):596-609. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2011.01241.x. Epub 2011 Mar 14.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Kidney Diseases
- Urologic Diseases
- Renal Insufficiency
- Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
- Kidney Failure, Chronic
- Physiological Effects of Drugs
- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
- Anti-Infective Agents
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Antirheumatic Agents
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic
- Antimetabolites
- Antineoplastic Agents
- Immunosuppressive Agents
- Immunologic Factors
- Dermatologic Agents
- Anti-Bacterial Agents
- Antibiotics, Antineoplastic
- Antifungal Agents
- Antitubercular Agents
- Antibiotics, Antitubercular
- Calcineurin Inhibitors
- Azathioprine
- Tacrolimus
- Mycophenolic Acid
- Cyclosporine
- Cyclosporins
Other Study ID Numbers
- NTx-prosp-001
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