S.M.A.R.T.® Nitinol Self-Expandable Stent in the Treatment of Obstructive Superficial Femoral Artery Disease (STROLL)

S.M.A.R.T.® Nitinol Self-Expandable Stent in the Treatment of Obstructive Superficial Femoral Artery Disease (STROLL)

A multi-center, non-randomized, single-arm, prospective trial evaluating the safety and effectiveness of the S.M.A.R.T.™ Nitinol Stent System implantation in approximately 250 patients with obstructive superficial femoral artery disease.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Superficial Femoral Artery Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: S.M.A.R.T. ® Stent

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 250
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10032
      • Columbia University Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 30 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age >/= 30 years
• For women of child bearing potential, a pregnancy test within 7 days prior to index procedure (the test results must be negative to be eligible).
• Symptomatic leg ischemia by Rutherford/Becker Classification (category 2, 3 or 4) with a resting or exercise ABI </= 0.8.
• A single superficial femoral artery lesion with > 50% stenosis or total occlusion.
• Stenotic lesion or occluded length within the same vessel (one long or multiple serial lesions) >/= 4.0 cm to </= 15.0 cm, by visual estimate. The stenosis must be treatable with no more than two stents, minimizing the stent overlap whose combined length </= 170 mm.
• Reference vessel diameter (RVD) >/= 4.0 mm and </= 6.0 mm by visual assessment.
• All lesions are to be located at least three centimeters proximal to the superior edge of the patella.
• Patent infrapopliteal and popliteal artery, i.e., single vessel runoff or better with at least one of three vessels patent (< 50% stenosis) to the ankle or foot.
• The guidewire is across the target lesion(s) and located intraluminally within the distal vessel.
• Poor aortoiliac or common femoral "inflow" (i.e. angiographically defined > 50% stenosis of the iliac or common femoral artery) that would be deemed inadequate to support a femoropopliteal bypass graft must be successfully treated prior to treatment of the target lesion. This can be done just prior to treatment of the target lesion. Successful treatment is defined as <30% stenosis after either PTA or stenting of the inflow lesion. After treatment of the inflow lesion, if the peak to peak pressure gradient across the inflow lesion is </= 20mmHg and the peak to peak pressure gradient across the SFA target lesion is >/= 20mmHg, then the patient will be included in the study.
• A patient with bilateral obstructive SFA disease is eligible for enrollment into the study.
• Eligibility for standard surgical repair, if necessary.
• A patient who requires a coronary intervention, should have it performed at least 7 days prior to the treatment of the target lesion.
• Patient or authorized representative must provide written informed consent and written HIPAA authorization prior to initiation of study procedures.
• Patient must be willing to comply with the specified follow-up evaluation schedule.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Thrombophlebitis, uremia, or deep venous thrombus, within past 30 days.
• Receiving dialysis or immunosuppressant therapy.
• Thrombolysis of the target vessel within 72 hours prior to the index procedure where complete resolution of the thrombus was not achieved.
• Recent stroke within past 90 days.
• Femoral, iliac or aortic aneurysm or aneurysm in the SFA or popliteal artery within past 5 years.
• Required stent placement via a popliteal approach.
• Required stent placement across or within 0.5 cm of the SFA / PFA bifurcation.
• Procedures which are pre-determined to require stent-in-stent placement to obtain patency, such as severe calcification which is resistant to stenting, or for in-stent restenosis.
• Significant vessel tortuosity or other parameters prohibiting access to the lesion or 90° tortuosity which would prevent delivery of the stent device.
• Previously deployed stent within the SFA of the target limb.
• Known allergies to the following: aspirin, clopidogrel bisulfate (Plavix®) or ticlopidine (Ticlid®), heparin, Nitinol (nickel titanium), contrast agent, that cannot be medically managed.
• Presence of thrombus prior to crossing the lesion
• Tissue loss due to ischemic disease (Rutherford/Becker category 5 or 6)
• Serum creatinine level >/= 2.5 mg/dl at time of screening visit
• Known or suspected active infection at the time of the procedure
• Bleeding diathesis
• Presence of an aortic, iliac or femoral artificial graft
• Life expectancy less than one year, or any other factors preventing clinical followup.
• Use of cryoplasty, laser, or atherectomy devices on the target vessel at the time of index procedure
• In-stent restenotic lesions at time of procedures.
• Restenotic lesion that had previously been treated by atherectomy, laser, or cryoplasty within 90 days of the index procedure.
• Patient is unwilling or unable to comply with procedures specified in the protocol or has difficulty or inability to return for follow-up visits as specified by the protocol.
• Patient is known to be pregnant, incarcerated, mentally incompetent, and/or alcohol or drug abuser.
• Patient is currently participating in any other investigational drug or medical device study that has not completed primary endpoint(s) evaluation or clinically interferes with the endpoints from this study or future participation in such studies prior to the completion of this study.
• Patient has had major surgical or interventional procedures unrelated to this study within 30 days prior to this study or planned surgical or interventional procedures within 30 days of entry into this study. Interventional procedures performed to the ipsilateral iliac artery to provide access will be allowed.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: 1; S.M.A.R.T.® Nitinol Self-Expandable Stent System	Device: S.M.A.R.T. ® Stent; The Cordis S.M.A.R.T.® Nitinol Stent System is a self-expandable, crush recoverable stent with a diameter larger than that of the arterial lumen. The stent is indicated for use in a vessel with a diameter 1 to 2 mm smaller than the nominal stent diameter. This stent will open to the diameter of the artery and will continue to apply expanding force on the artery.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
12-month Primary Patency Rate	Primary patency is defined as no significant reduction of flow detectable by Duplex ultrasound through the index lesion and no further clinically driven target vessel revascularization performed in the interim. Significant reduction of flow is binary restenosis defined as the diameter stenosis >50% with a peak systolic velocity ratio >2.0 as measured by Duplex ultrasound.	12 months
Primary Safety Endpoint	Primary safety endpoint is defined as the rate of freedom from all causes of death, index limb amputation, and clinically driven target lesion revascularization (TLR) through 30 days. A clinically driven TLR is any intervention in the stented target lesion following documented recurrent symptomatic leg ischemia by Rutherford/Becker Classification (category 2, 3 or 4), with a resting or exercise ABI ≤ 0.8 and >50% diameter in-lesion stenosis by angiography. Revascularization of a target lesion with an in-lesion diameter stenosis of >70% by angiography, in the absence of the previously mentioned ischemic signs or symptoms, will also be considered clinically driven.	30 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Index Limb Ischemia at 6-month Follow up	Index Limb Ischemia is defined by Rutherford/Becker Classification categories 3 through 6.	6 months
Index Limb Ischemia at 12-month Follow up	Index Limb Ischemia is defined by Rutherford/Becker Classification categories 3 through 6.	12 months
Death Rate at 30-day Post Procedure		30 days
Death at 12-month Post Procedure		12 months
Index Limb Amputation at 30-day Follow up	Index Limb Amputation is defined as surgical removal of all or part of the lower extremity from the toe up.	30 day
Clinically Driven Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) at 30-day Post Procedure	A clinically driven TVR is any intervention of the target vessel following documented recurrent symptomatic leg ischemia by Rutherford/Becker Classification (category 2, 3 or 4), with a resting or exercise Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) ≤ 0.8 and >50% diameter in-lesion stenosis by angiography. Revascularization of a target vessel with an in-lesion diameter stenosis of >70% by angiography, in the absence of the previously mentioned ischemic signs or symptoms, will also be considered clinically driven.	30 days
Clinically Driven Target Vessel Revascularization (TVR) at 12-month Post Procedure	A clinically driven TVR is any intervention of the target vessel following documented recurrent symptomatic leg ischemia by Rutherford/Becker Classification (category 2, 3 or 4), with a resting or exercise Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) ≤ 0.8 and >50% diameter in-lesion stenosis by angiography. Revascularization of a target vessel with an in-lesion diameter stenosis of >70% by angiography, in the absence of the previously mentioned ischemic signs or symptoms, will also be considered clinically driven.	12 months
Stent Fracture at 12-month Follow Up	Stent fracture was assessed by x-ray evaluation.	12 months
Rutherford/Becker Classification at 30-day Follow Up	The Rutherford/Becker Classification is a commonly used clinical staging system which allows clinicians to describe and discuss patients with peripheral artery disease. The classification has seven stages as follows: Stage 0 - Asymptomatic, no hemodynamically significant occlusive disease; Stage 1 - Mild claudication; Stage 2 - Moderate claudication; Stage 3 - Severe claudication; Stage 4 - Ischemic rest pain; Stage 5 - Minor tissue loss, non-healing ulcer, focal gangrene with diffuse pedal ischemia; Stage 6 - Major tissue loss, extending above transmetatarsal level, functional foot no longer salvageable	30 days
Rutherford / Becker Classification Category at 12-month Follow Up		12 months
Major Adverse Events at 12-month Post Procedure	Major adverse events included death, index limb ischemia, index limb amputation, clinically driven TLR, and significant embolic events, which were defined as causing end-organ damage.	12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cordis Corporation
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: William Gray, M.D., Columbia University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): April 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 20, 2008
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 20, 2008
• First Posted (Estimate): August 21, 2008

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): April 17, 2014
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 28, 2014
• Last Verified: March 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Superficial Femoral Artery; Nitinol Self-Expandable Stent System
• Other Study ID Numbers: P05-6201