Incorporating Avocados in Meals

Incorporating Avocados in Meals: Effect on Glycemic Index, Insulin Response, Satiety and Satiety-related Gastrointestinal Peptides in Humans

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of incorporating avocados in meals on post-ingestion glycemic index, insulin response, sensations of satiety and on appetite-related gastrointestinal peptide and hormone release. Also the effect of consuming avocado containing meals on the caloric intake of participants in subsequent eating episodes will be explored.

Each subject will participate in one intervention for one day, wait one or two weeks, come for another intervention, wait one or two weeks and come for a final intervention- three in total. Participants will be randomly assigned to one of six treatment sequences. Postprandial response to the control and two avocado-containing test meals will be assessed and compared using a 3 x 3 single blind cross-over design. The Subjects will be between 25 and 60 years old, female or male, with a BMI of 23 to 32, stable weight, no sports involvement, non-smoking and not dependent on caffeine. Thirty subjects will be recruited.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Glycemic Index; Insulin; Satiety; Gastrointestinal Peptides and Hormones
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Avocado supplement; Dietary supplement: Avocado included

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • Loma Linda, California, United States, 92350
      • Loma Linda University, Department of Nutrition

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 23 years to 60 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• 23-60 years old
• BMI 23-32
• Stable weight for 6 months
• Live or work near Loma Linda University

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smoker
• Heavy involvement in sports
• Dependent on caffeine

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control; While on the control arm subjects will be given a meal with no avocado.
Active Comparator: Avocado supplement; While on the avocado supplement arm subjects will be given a meal in which a given amount of calories will be replaced by calories contributed by avocados.	Dietary supplement: Avocado supplement; Calories from avocados replace calories of the control lunch
Active Comparator: Avocado included; While on the avocado included arm subjects will be given a meal in which the calories of avocado will be added to the calories of the control meal.	Dietary supplement: Avocado included; Calories from avocados will be added to calories from the control lunch

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Satiety	The effect that consumption of avocados has on feelings of fullness and the quantity of food consumed in a subsequent eating episode	12 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
post-ingestion glycemic index	Blood will be drawn at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes and 180 minutes after consumption of a meal with or without avocados. The glycemic index will be analyzed.	3 hours
insulin response	Blood will be drawn at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes and 180 minutes after consumption of a meal with or without avocados. Insulin response will be analyzed.	3 hours
appetite-related gastrointestinal peptide and hormone release	Blood will be drawn at 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 120 minutes and 180 minutes after consumption of a meal with or without avocados. Gastrointestinal peptide and hormones will be analyzed.	3 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Loma Linda University
• Collaborators: Hass Avocado Board
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Joan Sabaté, MD, DrPH, Loma Linda University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Wien M, Haddad E, Oda K, Sabate J. A randomized 3x3 crossover study to evaluate the effect of Hass avocado intake on post-ingestive satiety, glucose and insulin levels, and subsequent energy intake in overweight adults. Nutr J. 2013 Nov 27;12:155. doi: 10.1186/1475-2891-12-155.

Helpful Links

• Publication of study results

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: January 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 1, 2012
• Study Completion (Actual): September 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 5, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 5, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): January 7, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): March 18, 2014
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 17, 2014
• Last Verified: March 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Satiety; Feeding study; Avocados
• Other Study ID Numbers: 5100220