Goserelin and Letrozole or Anastrozole in Premenopausal Patients With Stage II-III Estrogen Receptor-Positive Breast Cancer

A Multisite International Collaborative Phase 2 Study of Neoadjuvant Goserelin and a Non-steroidal Aromatase Inhibitor for Premenopausal Women With Estrogen Receptor Positive HER2 Negative Clinical Stage 2 and 3 Breast Cancer

This phase II trial studies the impact of a presurgical endocrine therapy, consisting of goserelin with letrozole or anastrozole on the treatment of premenopausal patients with stage II-III estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer. Endocrine therapy reduces the amount of estrogen in the body. E+ breast cancer require estrogen, so lower levels of estrogen may slow or stop cell growth. Giving goserelin together with letrozole or anastrozole before surgery may enhance the effectiveness of, or eliminate the need for, chemotherapy

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Stage II Breast Cancer; Stage IIIA Breast Cancer; Stage IIIB Breast Cancer; Stage IIIC Breast Cancer; Estrogen Receptor-positive Breast Cancer; HER2-negative Breast Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Surgery; Drug: letrozole; Drug: goserelin acetate; Drug: anastrozole; Drug: chemotherapy

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 8
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Missouri
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
      • Washington University School of Medicine

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patient must have histological or cytological confirmed invasive breast cancer
• Patient must be premenopausal confirmed by serum estradiol level in the premenopausal range (> 25 pg/ml) at the beginning of the study; for women on oral contraceptives, these agents must be held for two weeks before the estradiol assessment is made
• Patient must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days of registration
• Patient's tumor must be ER+ with or without concomitant progesterone receptor-positive (PR+) with an Allred score of 6, 7 or 8; patients with > 66.6% of cells staining positive by conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC) have a minimum Allred score of 6 and are eligible
• Patient's tumors must be HER2 negative by local laboratory assessment: HER2 IHC 0, 1+, or 2+ with subsequent negative fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) (ratio < 1.8); negative FISH alone in absence of IHC is acceptable
• Patient must have T2-T4c, any N, M0 breast cancer, by clinical staging (physical examination)
• Patient's primary tumor must be palpable and measure > 2 cm by tape, ruler or caliper measurements in at least one dimension
• Patient must have mammogram and ultrasound of the breast within 42 days prior to registration; if a patient has clinically palpable or suspicious nodes, then an ultrasound of the axilla is also required

• Patient, as documented by the treating physician, must be clinically staged as one of the following:

  • T4 a-c for which modified radical mastectomy with negative margins is the goal
  • T2 or T3 for which conversion from needing mastectomy to breast conservation is the goal
  • T2 for which lumpectomy at first attempt is the goal
• Patient must be > or = 18 years old.
• Patient must stop taking all forms of hormonal treatment, including oral or other form of hormonal contraceptive methods and all forms of hormone replacement therapy, at least two weeks prior to starting protocol therapy
• Patient must agree to use a "highly-effective form of non-hormonal contraception" (applies to patient and/or partner)
• Patient must be willing to undergo oophorectomy, if indicated
• Patient must have an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of =< 2
• Patient must have normal organ and marrow function as defined below:
• Leukocytes >= 3,000/mcL
• Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL
• Platelets >= 100,000/mcL
• Total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 3.0 X institutional upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Creatinine within normal institutional limits OR
• Creatinine clearance >= 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal
• If the patient is a cancer survivor, all of the following criteria must be met
• Patient has undergone potentially curative therapy from all prior malignancies
• Patient must have no evidence of any prior malignancies for at least 5 years with no evidence of recurrence (except for successfully treated cervical carcinoma in situ, lobular carcinoma in situ of the breast, contralateral ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) treated with mastectomy or lumpectomy and radiation but without tamoxifen treatment, or non-melanoma skin cancer with no evidence of recurrence)
• Patient must be deemed by her treating physician to be at low risk (< 30%) for recurrence from prior malignancies
• Patient must be able to understand and willing to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient must not have inflammatory breast cancer defined as clinically significant erythema of the breast and/or documented dermal lymphatic invasion (not direct skin invasion by tumor or peau d'orange without erythema)
• Patient must not have had prior treatment for invasive breast cancer, including radiation, endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, or investigational agent; patients whose diagnosis was established by incision biopsy are not eligible
• Patient must not have had prior DCIS in the ipsilateral breast
• Patient must not have used tamoxifen for prior contralateral DCIS
• Patient must not have any evidence of distant metastasis (M1) on imaging; staging scans are not mandatory but any exams performed as standard of care throughout the study period will be collected for correlation as needed
• If patient does not agree to undergo mastectomy or lumpectomy after neoadjuvant therapy, she is ineligible for this study
• Patient must not be receiving other investigational agents or be enrolled in another neoadjuvant clinical trial for treatment of the existing breast cancer
• Pregnant and/or breastfeeding women are excluded from this study
• Patient must not have any concurrent life threatening illnesses
• Patient must not have undergone prior sentinel lymph node surgery; cores or FNA of lymph node are acceptable

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Group 1 (Ki67 <10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml); Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Neoadjuvant treatment repeats every 28 days for a total of 16-18 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Recommendations for postsurgical treatment will be based on PEPI score and physician discretion.	Procedure: Surgery; Drug: letrozole; Given PO; Other Names: CGS 20267; Femara; LTZ; Drug: goserelin acetate; Given SC; Other Names: ICI-118630; ZDX; Zoladex; Drug: anastrozole; Given PO; Other Names: Arimidex; ICI-D1033; ANAS
Experimental: Group 2 (Ki67 >= 10%, E2 <= 15 pg/ml); Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.	Procedure: Surgery; Drug: letrozole; Given PO; Other Names: CGS 20267; Femara; LTZ; Drug: goserelin acetate; Given SC; Other Names: ICI-118630; ZDX; Zoladex; Drug: anastrozole; Given PO; Other Names: Arimidex; ICI-D1033; ANAS; Drug: chemotherapy; Standard chemotherapy; Other Names: chemo
Experimental: Group 3 (E2 > 15 pg/ml); Patients receive 1 cycle (28 days) of endocrine therapy consisting of goserelin acetate SC on day 1 and letrozole or anastrozole PO QD. Patients receive standard neoadjuvant therapy at the discretion of the physician. Patients then undergo the appropriate standard surgical procedure to remove the cancer. Postsurgical treatment at physician discretion.	Procedure: Surgery; Drug: letrozole; Given PO; Other Names: CGS 20267; Femara; LTZ; Drug: goserelin acetate; Given SC; Other Names: ICI-118630; ZDX; Zoladex; Drug: anastrozole; Given PO; Other Names: Arimidex; ICI-D1033; ANAS; Drug: chemotherapy; Standard chemotherapy; Other Names: chemo

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pathologic Complete Response (CR) Rate	In patients with Ki67 >10% and <= 15 pg/ml at 4 weeks.; The pCR rate for neo-adjuvant chemotherapy is defined as 100 times the number of eligible patients with no histologic evidence of invasive tumor cells in the surgical breast specimen and the axillary or sentinel lymph nodes divided by the total number of eligible patients who received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy.	1 month
Acceptability of Management With Surgical Oophorectomy/Continued LHRH With Continued Oral Endocrine Therapy and no Chemotherapy	Proportion of patients with a PEPI score of 0 and pathological stage 1 who choose to forego chemotherapy.	6 months post neoadjuvant endocrine therapy and surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Relationship Between Pretreatment FFNP-PET Standard Uptake Value (SUV) and 4-week Post-treatment Ki-67		Baseline and 4 weeks post-treatment
Preoperative Endocrine Prognostic Index Score (PEPI Score)	To obtain the PEPI score, risk points for relapse-free survival (RFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) are assigned depending on the hazard ratio (HR) from the multivariable analysis. The total PEPI score assigned to each patient is the sum of the risk points derived from the pT stage, pN stage, Ki67 level, and estrogen receptor status of the surgical specimen. A HR in the range of 1 to 2 receives one risk point; a HR in the 2 to 2.5 range, two risk points; a HR greater than 2.5, three risk points. The total risk point score for each patient is the sum of all the risk points accumulated from the four factors in the model, ranges from 0 (best possible outcome) to 12 (worst possible outcome).	At time of definitive surgery
PEPI-0 Rate in Patients Whose Estradiol is Fully Suppressed (< or = 15 pg/mL) and Tumor Ki67 Level is 10% or Less		16 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Washington University School of Medicine
• Collaborators: National Cancer Institute (NCI)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Timothy Pluard, M.D., Washington University School of Medicine

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: September 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Actual): May 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 2, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 6, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): June 7, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): April 3, 2015
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 16, 2015
• Last Verified: March 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Breast Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; Hormone Antagonists; Aromatase Inhibitors; Steroid Synthesis Inhibitors; Estrogen Antagonists; Letrozole; Goserelin; Anastrozole
• Other Study ID Numbers: 201106141