The Influence of Dietary Variety and Course Sequence on Fruit Intake in Preschool-Aged Children

April 3, 2018 updated by: Hollie Raynor, The University of Tennessee, Knoxville
The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which manipulation of dietary variety and course sequence affects fruit intake and overall energy intake in preschool-aged children.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

In the past two decades overweight and obesity rates in children (ages 2-19) have risen from 5% to 17%, with toddlers (ages 2-5) at 10%. Among children and adolescents the consumption of low-energy-dense foods, such as fruit and vegetables (F&Vs), remain below current recommendations. Therefore, strategies to increase low-energy-dense F&V intake and decrease high-energy-dense food intake aimed at young children are essential. Antecedents, or cues, can trigger eating. Therefore, manipulating food presentation can be utilized to produce certain behaviors. Dietary variety and course sequence are two examples of this relationship. It has been well established that high dietary variety leads to greater consumption patterns compared to low DV diets in adults. High DV has only been tested with problematic foods, and not with the goal of increasing F&V intake. Additionally, serving a first course meal can act as a preload to decrease intake of the second course entrée. Dietary variety and course sequence manipulations have been experimentally tested with caloric intake goals but never with the goal of increasing F&V intake. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which manipulation of dietary variety and course sequence affects fruit intake and overall energy intake in preschool-aged children.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

16

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Tennessee
      • Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, 37916
        • Healthy Eating and Activity Laboratory

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

3 years to 6 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • All children that are ≥3 years of age enrolled in the ELC preschool with parental consent can participate.
  • Eligible children must also like applesauce, peaches and cheese cubes, and be able to consume foods with a spoon.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children allergic to applesauce, peaches, or chocolate pudding or who are lactose-intolerant will not be included in the study.
  • Did not attend all feeding sessions.
  • Did not consume more than 5 grams from any of the foods on an occasion.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: One-Course, Variety
Participants will receive a snack in one course with a variety of fruit.
Behavioral: Variety
These conditions will have snack served with an increase of fruit variety.
Active Comparator: Two-Course, Variety
Participants will receive a snack in two courses with a variety of fruit.
Behavioral: Variety
These conditions will have snack served with an increase of fruit variety.
Active Comparator: One-course, Non-Variety
Participants will receive a snack in one course with no variety of fruit.
Behavioral: Non-Variety
These conditions will receive a snack without a variety of fruit.
Active Comparator: Two-Course, Non-Variety
Participants will receive a snack in two courses with no variety of fruit.
Behavioral: Non-Variety
These conditions will receive a snack without a variety of fruit.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Total grams of snack consumed.
Time Frame: 4 weeks
Total grams of snack consumed by participants over the 4-week study (with 1 snack per week) period will be determined by subtracting pre- and post-consumption weight of the snack provided.
4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

The University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Hollie A Raynor, PhD, University of Tennessee, Knoxville
  • Principal Investigator: Chelsi C Cardoso, BS, University of Tennessee, Knoxville

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

August 1, 2011

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2011

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 10, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 10, 2011

First Posted (Estimate)

August 11, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 5, 2018

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 3, 2018

Last Verified

April 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 8585B

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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