Anthropometric, Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Symptomatic Profile in Postmenopausal Women

Impact of Fat Distribution on Metabolic, Cardiovascular and Symptomatic Aspects in Postmenopausal Women

The purpose of this study is to investigate anthropometric, metabolic, cardiovascular and symptomatic profiles in postmenopausal women.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Postmenopausal Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Clinical exams

Detailed Description

When aging, the body composition changes, leading to a reduction of muscle mass and strength, and to an increase in total body fat. These body composition changes have especially been observed in postmenopausal women, due to the hormonal changes taking place. After the menopause, the gynoid fat distribution with fat deposits in the gluteo-femoral region changes to an android fat distribution with an increased upper body fat, especially in the abdominal region. These consequences of the menopause associated with a decrease in aerobic capacity and reduced total energy expenditure may lead to the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The aim of this study was to investigate the anthropometric, metabolic, cardiovascular and symptomatic profile in gynoid and android postmenopausal women.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 45

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Brazil
  • São Paulo
    • São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil, 676
      • Optics Group from Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP)

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 50 years to 60 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Postmenopausal women from a community sample of São Carlos city - São Paulo State - Brazil.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Postmenopausal women
• Caucasian
• 50-60 years of age

Exclusion Criteria:

• Neurological disease
• Pulmonary disease
• Cardiac disease
• Oncological disease
• Musculotendinous or articular injuries
• Hormone replacement therapy
• Cigarette smoking

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
android postmenopausal women; Clinical exams	Other: Clinical exams; Physiological and biochemical tests; quality of life questionnaire; body composition measurement
gynoid postmenopausal women; Clinical exams	Other: Clinical exams; Physiological and biochemical tests; quality of life questionnaire; body composition measurement

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Relationships between postmenopause and fat distribution	Anthropometric measurements: waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index	Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Comparison of aerobic capacity between android and gynoid postmenopausal women	Progressive aerobic testing on treadmill (Modified Bruce Protocol): estimated maximum oxygen consumption; metabolic equivalents; blood pressure; heart rate	Baseline
Comparison of metabolic parameters between android and gynoid postmenopausal women	Biochemical tests: the serum level of estradiol, urea, creatinine, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol, insulin and glucose	Baseline
Comparison of quality of life between android and gynoid postmenopausal women	Menopause Rating Scale (MRS): somatic symptoms; psychological symptoms; urogenital-sexual problems	Baseline
Comparison of the body composition between android and gynoid postmenopausal women	Body composition: bipolar electrical bioimpedance (body fat and lean mass) and skinfolds (triceps, subscapular, suprailiac, abdominal, anterior thigh, medial calf)	Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Sao Paulo
• Collaborators: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.; Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
• Investigators: Study Director: Audrey Borghi-Silva, Ph.D, Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar); Principal Investigator: Fernanda R. Paolillo, Ph.D, Physics Institute of São Carlos (IFSC), University of São Paulo (USP)

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Despres JP, Lemieux I. Abdominal obesity and metabolic syndrome. Nature. 2006 Dec 14;444(7121):881-7. doi: 10.1038/nature05488.
• Paolillo FR, Milan JC, Bueno Pde G, Paolillo AR, Borghi-Silva A, Parizotto NA, Arena R, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Effects of excess body mass on strength and fatigability of quadriceps in postmenopausal women. Menopause. 2012 May;19(5):556-61. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e3182364e80.
• Paolillo FR, Milan JC, Aniceto IV, Barreto SG, Rebelatto JR, Borghi-Silva A, Parizotto NA, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Effects of infrared-LED illumination applied during high-intensity treadmill training in postmenopausal women. Photomed Laser Surg. 2011 Sep;29(9):639-45. doi: 10.1089/pho.2010.2961. Epub 2011 Jul 12.
• Paolillo FR, Corazza AV, Borghi-Silva A, Parizotto NA, Kurachi C, Bagnato VS. Infrared LED irradiation applied during high-intensity treadmill training improves maximal exercise tolerance in postmenopausal women: a 6-month longitudinal study. Lasers Med Sci. 2013 Feb;28(2):415-22. doi: 10.1007/s10103-012-1062-y. Epub 2012 Mar 2.
• Blumel JE, Legorreta D, Chedraui P, Ayala F, Bencosme A, Danckers L, Lange D, Espinoza MT, Gomez G, Grandia E, Izaguirre H, Manriquez V, Martino M, Navarro D, Ojeda E, Onatra W, Pozzo E, Prada M, Royer M, Saavedra JM, Sayegh F, Tserotas K, Vallejo MS, Zuniga C; Collaborative Group for Research of the Climacteric in Latin America (REDLINC). Optimal waist circumference cutoff value for defining the metabolic syndrome in postmenopausal Latin American women. Menopause. 2012 Apr;19(4):433-7. doi: 10.1097/gme.0b013e318231fc79.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: September 1, 2009
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2009
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2009

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 3, 2012
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 5, 2012
• First Posted (Estimate): December 7, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): December 7, 2012
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 5, 2012
• Last Verified: December 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Metabolic Syndrome; Body Composition; Postmenopausal Women; Menopause Symptoms
• Other Study ID Numbers: 150949/2011-1