A Phase III Trial of Pertuzumab Retreatment in Previously Pertuzumab Treated Her2-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer (PRECIOUS)

A Randomized, Open-label Phase III Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Pertuzumab Retreatment in Previously Pertuzumab, Trastuzuamb and Chemotherapy Treated Her2-Positive Metastatic Advanced Breast Cancer

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pertuzumab, trastuzumab and chemotherapy as a pertuzumab retreatment compared to trastuzumab and chemotherapy in locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer patients for previously treated with pertuzumab

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: HER2-positive Locally Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Gemcitabine; Drug: Docetaxel; Drug: Capecitabine; Drug: Paclitaxel; Drug: Pertuzumab; Drug: Trastuzumab; Drug: Vinorelbine; Drug: Nab-paclitaxel; Drug: Eribulin

Detailed Description

The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) Clinical Practice Guidelines recommend the use of pertuzumab, trastuzumab and taxane as first-line treatment for patients with MBC. As a second-line treatment, trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) is also recommended. After a pertuzumab-containing regimen and T-DM1, other HER2-targeted therapeutic regimens, including lapatinib-containing regimens and trastuzumab plus chemotherapy, are recommended as third-line treatments and beyond. However, continual pertuzumab use for progression after a pertuzumab-containing regimen and retreatment with pertuzumab are unclear based on evidence.

The efficacy and the safety of two distinct modalities of a trastuzumab plus pertuzumab-containing regimen after pertuzumab use should be assessed in MBC: continual treatment and retreatment. However, it is clinically difficult to examine the efficacy of continual treatment with a trastuzumab plus pertuzumab-containing regimen because of several circumstances including the results of the MARIANNE study.

In addition, it is also important to evaluate the usefulness of retreatment with a pertuzumab-containing regimen. Continual pertuzumab treatment for progression after pertuzumab treatment is not same as pertuzumab retreatment. HER2-HER3-signaling suppressed by pertuzumab-containing regimens could potentially be restored by anti-HER2 therapy without pertuzumab. Pertuzumab retreatment could potentially re-suppress HER2-HER3-signaling. Therefore, Pertuzumab retreatment can be more effective than trastuzumab-containing treatment without pertuzumab.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 226
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Japan
  • Aichi-ken
    • Chikusa-ku, Aichi-ken, Japan, 4648681
      • Aichi Cancer Center
  • Kumamoto
    • Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan, 8608556
      • Kumamoto University Hospital
  • Tokyo
    • Chuo-ku, Nihonbashi, Koami-cho, Tokyo, Japan, 1030016
      • Japan Breast Cancer Research Group

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 20 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Histologically or cytologically confirmed invasive breast cancer
2. A confirmed HER2-positive status assessed by means of immunohistochemical analysis (with 3+ indicating positive status) and/or in situ hybridization (with an amplification ratio > 2.0 indicating positive) by each institute
3. History of pertuzumab and trastuzumab-containing chemotherapy for locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer(2 or 3 regimen as previous chemotherapy regimen for locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer). The latest regimen before enrollment dose not include pertuzumab.
4. Patients have measurable and/or non-measurable disease according to RECIST ver1.1.
5. Female patients and aged ≥ 20 years.
6. Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF) > 50% at baseline (within 28 days before enrollment) as determined by either ECHO or MUGA
7. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0,1 or 2.
8. Life expectancy of patients is expected at least 3 months.
9. Signed and written informed consent (approved by the Institutional Review Board or Independent Ethics Committee) is obtained before any study procedure.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of chemotherapy > 4 regimen for locally advance or metastatic disease except for cancer chemotherapeutic agent-free treatment regimen (eg, hormonal therapy alone, combination with hormonal therapy and trastuzumab and anti-HER2 therapy alone).
2. Persistent Grade >3 non-hematologic toxicity according to NCI-CTCAE v4.0-JCOG resulting from previous therapy at the time of enrollment.
3. Symptomatic or uncontrolled central nervous system metastases.
4. Multiple malignancies without history of breast cancer(within 10 years if invasive breast cancer and within 5 years if malignancies except invasive breast cancer)

5. History of exposure to the following cumulative doses of anthracyclines:

   • doxorubicin or liposomal doxorubicin > 360 mg/m2
   • epirubicin > 720 mg/m2
   • mitoxantrone > 100 mg/m2
   • If more than 1 anthracycline has been used, then the cumulative dose must not exceed the equivalent of 360 mg/m2 of doxorubicin.
6. Current uncontrolled hypertension (systolic > 150 mmHg and/or diastolic > 100 mmHg) or unstable angina.
7. History of CHF of any New York Heart Association criteria, or serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring treatment (exception, atrial fibrillation, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia).
8. History of myocardial infarction within 6 months of enrollment.
9. Dyspnea at rest due to complications of advanced malignancy.

10. Inadequate organ function, as determined by the following laboratory results, within 28 days before enrollment:

    • Absolute neutrophil count < 1,500/mm3
    • Platelet count < 100,000/mm3
    • Hemoglobin < 8.0 g/dL
    • Total bilirubin > 2.0 mg/dL, unless the patient has documented Gilbert's syndrome
    • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST [SGOT]) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT [SGPT]) > 100IU /L with the following exception (If considered that the liver dysfunction due to liver metastases > 200 IU/L, or 100 < , ≤200 IU/L with serum albumin < 2.5 g/dL)
    • Serum creatinine value > 2.0 mg/dL or 177 μmol/L

11. Current severe uncontrolled systemic disease(eg. Clinically significant cardiovascular, pulmonary and metabolic disease*, disorder of wound healing, ulcer and fracture)

    *If gemcitabine is planned to be selected as a combination chemotherapeutic agent,patients who has symptomatic interstitial pneumonia or pulmonary fibrosis on chest X-ray should be excluded.

12. Uncontrolled malignancy-associated hypercalcemia syndrome under bisphosphonates or denosumab treatment.
13. Radiation related grade >2 adverse event within 14 days before enrollment.
14. Major surgical procedure or significant traumatic injury within 28 days before enrollment or anticipation of need for major surgery during the course of study treatment.
15. Pregnant woman or positive pregnancy test.
16. Nursing woman
17. History of receiving any investigational treatment within 28 days before enrollment.
18. Current known and active infection with human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus.
19. Receipt of intravenous antibiotics for infection within 14 days before enrollment.
20. Current chronic daily treatment (continuous for > 3 months) with corticosteroids (dose equivalent to or greater than 10 mg/day methylprednisolone), excluding inhaled steroids.
21. Known hypersensitivity to pertuzumab or trastuzumab without infusion reaction related to these drugs
22. Assessed by the investigator to be unable or unwilling to comply with the requirements of the protocol.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Trastuzumab + chemotherapy; Trastuzumab + chemotherapy Chemotherapy regimen is chosen from the following; Docetaxel, Paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel ,Vinorelbine, Eribulin, Capecitabine or Gemcitabine	Drug: Gemcitabine; Other Names: Gemzar; Drug: Docetaxel; Other Names: Taxotere; Drug: Capecitabine; Other Names: Xeloda; Drug: Paclitaxel; Other Names: Taxol; Drug: Trastuzumab; Other Names: Herceptin; Drug: Vinorelbine; Other Names: Navelbine; Drug: Nab-paclitaxel; Other Names: Abraxane; Drug: Eribulin; Other Names: Halaven
Experimental: Trastuzumab+ pertuzumab + chemotherapy; Trastuzumab+ pertuzumab + chemotherapy Chemotherapy regimen is chosen from the following; Docetaxel, Paclitaxel, nab-paclitaxel, Vinorelbine, Eribulin, Capecitabine or Gemcitabine	Drug: Gemcitabine; Other Names: Gemzar; Drug: Docetaxel; Other Names: Taxotere; Drug: Capecitabine; Other Names: Xeloda; Drug: Paclitaxel; Other Names: Taxol; Drug: Pertuzumab; Other Names: Perjeta; Drug: Trastuzumab; Other Names: Herceptin; Drug: Vinorelbine; Other Names: Navelbine; Drug: Nab-paclitaxel; Other Names: Abraxane; Drug: Eribulin; Other Names: Halaven

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Progression-free survival (assessed by investigators)	4 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Response rate		4 years
Progression-free survival (assessed by independent review)		4 years
PFS in patients treated with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1) as the latest regimen		4 years
Duration of response, Overall survival		4 years
Patient-reported-outcome	Difference in terms of patient-reported outcome (PRO) between standard group and Pertuzumab treated group FACT-G, FACT-B and EQ-5D are used as assessment tools for PRO.	4 years
Safety assessed by Incidence/Grade of Serious Adverse Events (SAEs), Pertuzumab-specific adverse events, laboratory abnormalities Percentage and number of subjects who discontinued for adverse event.	Safety for HER2-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer subjects who were previously treated with Pertuzumab	4 years
Biomarkers	To find Prognostic and predictive biomarker markers for patients receiving anti-HER2 treatment. Changes in immunologic markers on peripheral blood mononuclear cells determined by flow cytometry after anti-HER2 treatment Changes in tumor-derived gene mutations (e.g. PIK3CA, APOBEC3, CDH1…etc.) in ctDNA after anti-HER2 therapy Changes in proteins (e.g. HER2, HER3…etc.) and micro RNAs expression in extracellular vesicle after anti-HER2 therapy Changes in glycans and proteins expression in the plasma after anti-HER2 therapy.	4 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Japan Breast Cancer Research Group
• Collaborators: Chugai Pharmaceutical
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Hiroji Iwata, MD, PhD, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital; Principal Investigator: Yutaka Yamamoto, MD, PhD, Kumamoto University Hospital

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Baselga J, Cortes J, Kim SB, Im SA, Hegg R, Im YH, Roman L, Pedrini JL, Pienkowski T, Knott A, Clark E, Benyunes MC, Ross G, Swain SM; CLEOPATRA Study Group. Pertuzumab plus trastuzumab plus docetaxel for metastatic breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2012 Jan 12;366(2):109-19. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1113216. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
• Lee-Hoeflich ST, Crocker L, Yao E, Pham T, Munroe X, Hoeflich KP, Sliwkowski MX, Stern HM. A central role for HER3 in HER2-amplified breast cancer: implications for targeted therapy. Cancer Res. 2008 Jul 15;68(14):5878-87. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-08-0380.
• Giordano SH, Temin S, Kirshner JJ, Chandarlapaty S, Crews JR, Davidson NE, Esteva FJ, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Krop I, Levinson J, Lin NU, Modi S, Patt DA, Perez EA, Perlmutter J, Ramakrishna N, Winer EP; American Society of Clinical Oncology. Systemic therapy for patients with advanced human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2014 Jul 1;32(19):2078-99. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2013.54.0948. Epub 2014 May 5.
• Perez EA, Barrios C, Eiermann W, Toi M, Im YH, Conte P, Martin M, Pienkowski T, Pivot X, Burris H 3rd, Petersen JA, Stanzel S, Strasak A, Patre M, Ellis P. Trastuzumab Emtansine With or Without Pertuzumab Versus Trastuzumab Plus Taxane for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive, Advanced Breast Cancer: Primary Results From the Phase III MARIANNE Study. J Clin Oncol. 2017 Jan 10;35(2):141-148. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2016.67.4887. Epub 2016 Nov 7.
• Yamamoto Y, Iwata H, Saji S, Takahashi M, Yoshinami T, Ueno T, Toyama T, Yamanaka T, Takano T, Kashiwaba M, Tsugawa K, Hasegawa Y, Tamura K, Tada H, Hara F, Fujisawa T, Niikura N, Taira N, Morita S, Toi M, Ohno S, Masuda N. Pertuzumab Retreatment for Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2-Positive Locally Advanced/Metastatic Breast Cancer (PRECIOUS Study): Final Overall Survival Analysis. J Clin Oncol. 2025 May 10;43(14):1631-1637. doi: 10.1200/JCO-24-01673. Epub 2025 Jan 24.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): August 10, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 28, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 3, 2015
• First Posted (Estimated): August 4, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): September 10, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 3, 2025
• Last Verified: September 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Site; Neoplasms; Skin Diseases; Breast Diseases; Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases; Breast Neoplasms; Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins; Proteins; Organic Chemicals; Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring; Heterocyclic Compounds; Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring; Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring; Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides; Hydrocarbons; Cycloparaffins; Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic; Hydrocarbons, Cyclic; Terpenes; Alkaloids; Indoles; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antibodies; Immunoglobulins; Immunoproteins; Blood Proteins; Serum Globulins; Globulins; Taxoids; Cyclodecanes; Diterpenes; Deoxycytidine; Cytidine; Pyrimidine Nucleosides; Pyrimidines; Nucleosides; Uracil; Pyrimidinones; Vinca Alkaloids; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids; Indole Alkaloids; Indolizidines; Indolizines; Deoxyribonucleosides; Fluorouracil; Albumins; Docetaxel; Trastuzumab; Capecitabine; Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel; Vinorelbine; Gemcitabine; Paclitaxel; pertuzumab; 130-nm albumin-bound paclitaxel; eribulin
• Other Study ID Numbers: JBCRG-M05

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No