CDK4/6 Inhibition in Locally Advanced/Metastatic Chordoma (NCT-PMO-1601)

CDK4/6 Inhibition in Locally Advanced/Metastatic Chordoma (NCT-PMO-1601)

In chordoma cell lines and patient biopsies, the p16 (CDKN2A) tumor suppressor is consistently deleted. Thus, chordomas are an example of a tumor with universal activation of the cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) pathway, and experiments with patient-derived chordoma cell lines demonstrate aberrant CDK4/6 activity downstream of p16 loss can be efficiently inhibited by the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, resulting in reduced proliferation and growth of neoplastic cells. The investigators aim to conduct a phase II clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of the small-molecule CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in patients with locally advanced/metastatic chordoma who are not candidates for standard therapy. The primary objective is disease control in patients with chordoma treated with palbociclib as single agent. The study design of this phase II study is based on a Simon two-stage design.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Chordoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Palbociclib

Detailed Description

Chordoma is a rare bone tumor with slow growth. The standard treatment is en bloc excision, but the site of origin of the disease often prevents complete surgery. For these patients, debulking surgery followed by radiation therapy (RT) or high-dose RT alone can be an alternative. However, local relapses or more rarely metastatic disease frequently occur, and there is no efficient standard systemic therapy available. Only very limited responses are seen with chemotherapy or targeted agents, such as imatinib and lapatinib. In chordoma cell lines and patient biopsies, the p16 (CDKN2A) tumor suppressor is consistently deleted. Thus, chordomas are an example of a tumor with universal activation of the CDK4/6 pathway, and experiments with patient-derived chordoma cell lines demonstrate aberrant CDK4/6 activity downstream of p16 loss can be efficiently inhibited by the CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib, resulting in reduced proliferation and growth of neoplastic cells. The investigators aim to conduct a phase II clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of the small-molecule CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib in patients with locally advanced/metastatic chordoma who are not candidates for standard therapy. The primary objective is disease control in patients with chordoma treated with palbociclib as single agent. The study design of this phase II study is based on a Simon two-stage design. This trial will establish whether the overreliance of chordomas on the activation of the CDK4/6-Retinoblastoma 1 (RB1) pathway can be exploited for therapeutic benefit. Based on previous experience with 125 mg palbociclib once daily for 21 days followed by 7 days of rest in patients with breast cancer, liposarcoma, non-small cell lung cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, ovarian cancer, mantle-cell lymphoma, and glioblastoma, this regimen is chosen. Based on a Simons optimal two-stage design the disease control rate (DCR) will be the primary end-point, whereby response is defined as complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or stable disease (SD) according to RECIST v1.1 criteria after six cycles. For sample size calculation the investigators estimate a poor response with 10% and a good response with 25% (power, 80%; alpha, 5%) leading to a first stage of 18 patients and, if three or more patients responded to a second stage with additional 25 patients (total n=43).

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 43
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Germany
  • Essen, Germany, 45147
    • Universitatsklinikum Essen
  • Heidelberg, Germany, 69120
    • National Center for Tumor Diseases
  • Ulm, Germany, 89081
    • Universitatsklinikum Ulm

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with locally advanced or metastatic chordoma with confirmed diagnosis in a reference pathology (with immunohistology for epithelial membrane antigen, S100, Brachyury, Integrase interactor 1 (INI-1)) not amenable to curative treatment with surgery or radiotherapy
• At least one measurable tumor lesion according to RECIST 1.1 criteria
• Loss of p16 determined immunohistochemically or CDKN2A/B genomically, presence of CDK4/6 and RB1 determined immunohistochemically or by RNA-Sequencing.
• Age ≥ 18 years, no upper age limit
• Availability of tissue blocks preferably not older than 12 months for immunohistologic assessment (if no adequate material is available, re-biopsy should be considered before entering the study)
• No chemotherapy two weeks before study
• Non-pregnant and non-nursing. Women of child-bearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test with a sensitivity of at least 25 mIU/mL within 72 hours prior to registration (WOCBP is defined as a sexually active mature woman who has not undergone a hysterectomy or who has had menses at any time in the preceding 24 months).
• Women of child-bearing potential must either commit to continued abstinence from heterosexual intercourse or begin one acceptable method of birth control (double barrier contraceptive method (IUD, condome), tubal ligation, or partner's vasectomy) while on therapy and for 14 weeks after the last dose of therapy. Hormonal contraception alone is an inadequate method of birth control. Female patients must agree not to donate lactation during treatment and until 14 weeks after end of treatment.
• Men must agree not to father a child and must use a latex condom during any sexual contact with WOCBP while receiving therapy and for 14 weeks after therapy is stopped, even if they have undergone successful vasectomy. Sperm donation is not permitted for the same time interval.
• Signed written informed consent
• Performance status ≤ 2 according to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) /World Health Organization (WHO) criteria
• Ability of patient to understand the character and individual consequences of clinical trial

Exclusion Criteria:

• Prior treatment with palbociclib or known intolerance/allergy to the compound or any ingredient (acquired or hereditary).
• Prior treatment with other CDK4/6 inhibitors
• Co-therapy with strong/potent CYP3A inducers and/or inhibitors, (e.g., Clarithromycin, Indinavir, Itraconazol, Ketoconazol, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, Nefazodon, Nelfinavir, Posaconazol, Saquinavir, Telaprevir, Telithromycin, Voriconazol, and St. John's Wort [Hypericum perforatum])) while on treatment with study drug.
• Co-therapy with corticosteroids above 7.5 mg prednisolone/prednisone equivalent
• Anticancer treatment less than 2 weeks prior to study treatment
• Organ insufficiency: creatinine clearance <30ml/min; total bilirubin > 1.5x upper normal serum level; AST > upper normal serum level ; abnormal blood counts; heart failure (New York Heart Association (NYHA) III/IV); uncontrolled hypertension; unstable angina; serious cardiac arrhythmia; severe obstructive or restrictive ventilation disorder
• Clinical signs of active infection (° grade 2-CTCAE Vers.5.0)
• Patients with a "currently active" second malignancy other than non-melanoma skin cancer. Patients are not considered to have a "currently active" malignancy if the patients have completed therapy and are considered by the patients physician to be at less than 30% risk of relapse within one year.
• Severe neurologic or psychiatric disorder interfering with ability of giving informed consent
• Known or suspected active alcohol or drug abuse
• Known positivity for HIV, active hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection
• Uncontrolled central nervous system (CNS) involvement (treatment for CNS-involvement prior to inclusion is allowed)
• Cytopenia: platelets <100 G/l, neutrophils <1.0 G/l, hemoglobin <10.0 g/dl
• corrected QT interval (QTc) >470 msec (based on the mean value of triplicate ECGs), family or personal history of long or short QT syndrome, Brugada syndrome, or known history of QTc prolongation or Torsade de Pointes
• Uncontrolled electrolyte disorders that can aggravate the effects of a QTc-prolonging drug (e.g., hypocalcemia, hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia)
• Participation in other ongoing interventional clinical trials

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Palbociclib; application on 21 consecutive days of a 28 days cycle	Drug: Palbociclib; application on 21 consecutive days of a 28 days cycle; Other Names: Ibrance

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Disease control rate (DCR)	The primary endpoint is the DCR after six cycles of palbociclib, which is defined as the presence of at least one confirmed complete response (CR) or confirmed partial response (PR) or stable disease (SD) according to RECIST version 1.1.	6 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Tumor response rate (TRR)	• defined as the sum of complete remission (CR) and partial remission (PR) according to RECIST version 1.1 after six cycles of study medication.	6 months
Progression-free survival (PFS)	• defined as the time from first administration of the Investigational Medicinal Product (IMP) to radiologically confirmed progression of disease or death from any cause, whichever occurs first. Patients without the event are censored on the last date of follow-up.	6 months
Overall survival (OS)	• defined as the time from first administration of the IMP to time of death from any cause. Patients without the event are censored on the last date of follow-up.	6 months
Safety (toxicity, tolerability): Toxic effects will be graded according to CTCAE v4.03.	• Toxic effects will be graded according to CTCAE v4.03.	6 months
Quality of life (QoL)	• QoL will be assessed by the EORTC Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (QLQ-C30), supplemented by information on self-assessed concomitant diseases and demographics initially, after the first, and after the sixth 28-day treatment cycle	6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University Hospital Heidelberg
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Stefan Fröhling, Prof. Dr., NCT Heidelberg

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 15, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 22, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): December 22, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 31, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 11, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): April 12, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 27, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 24, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal; Chordoma; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Palbociclib
• Other Study ID Numbers: NCT-2016-415 / Chordoma

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No