Effects of Polyphenols Supplementation on Cycling Endurance

Effects of Acute Specific Grape and Apple Polyphenols Supplementation on Cycling Endurance Performance

Endurance performance during high intensive exercises is mainly determined by the capacity of the aerobic metabolism. It generally induces muscle fatigue defined as the reversible decline in skeletal muscle contractile performance. Fatigue is multifactorial and is often associated with many physiological parameters including reduced neural input and disruptive metabolic changes in skeletal muscles such as lactic acidosis and the production of oxidative free radicals. Moreover, it could lead to oxidative stress as a result of an imbalance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and intrinsic antioxidant defense.

To alleviate oxidative stress, some ergogenic strategies have been tested. Numerous studies have reported that different types of supplementation such as selenium, vitamin E, vitamin C or polyphenols were of interest to protect against these mechanisms. Indeed, although some studies demonstrated no or harmful effects, most studies observed positive effects of antioxidants on oxidative stress or performance. More particularly, polyphenols, have great antioxidant capabilities and protective effects and it increases the synthesis and bioavailability of nitric oxide (NO)which is well known to be the most important mediator of vasodilation. To date, most of the studies exploring the effects of polyphenols on exercise investigated several days or weeks of supplementations on vascular, blood parameters (blood pressure, NO concentration, oxidative stress markers) or endurance performance. Conflicting results are often obtained. Only few studies investigated the effects of a single intake on immediate performance and recovery capacity. Therefore, the present work aimed to study the effects of an acute intake of a specific profile polyphenols from grape and apple on physical performances. More specifically, performance, in the present study, referred to high intensity cycling exercise until exhaustion revealing the capacity to maintain a constant strong effort hereafter named endurance. The hypothesis was that an acute of polyphenols would increase the time to exhaustion during a high intensity cycling exercise.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Vinitrox polyphenols; Dietary supplement: Placebo

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 48
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 25 years to 45 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Body mass index lower than 27 and waist size lower than 94 cm
• physical activity higher than 2 hours a week
• written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• more than 6 hours training a week, regularly trained in aerobic activities
• asthmatic, smokers or under medicinal drugs
• dietary supplement, sports drink, special dietary food or functional food, of any kind, liable or presented as liable to enhance physical performances

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Polyphenols; The preceding night and one hour before the endurance test, participants were asked to absorb two capsules of 250 mg of polyphenols (Vinitrox™)	Dietary supplement: Vinitrox polyphenols; Vinitrox™ (Nexira - France) is a combination of specific profile polyphenols from grape and apple. The main polyphenol classes are proanthocyanidins (as catechins, B2 dimer), phenolic acids (as chlorogenic acids, gallic acids) and anthocyanins (as malvidin-3-glucoside). It was administrated the night and the morning before the endurance test (oral administration)
Placebo Comparator: placebo; The preceding night and one hour before the endurance test, participants were asked to absorb two capsules of placebo (similar appearance and flavour than active comparator).	Dietary supplement: Placebo; Made with maltodextrin. It was administrated the night and the morning before the endurance test (oral administration).

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Time to exhaustion	Maximal duration during a cycling aerobic exercise (70% of maximal aerobic power)	The total duration of the aerobic exercise (during the cycling aerobic exercise)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Heart rate	Heart rate using a polar belt	Immediately before the endurance test, immediately after the endurance test and continuously recorded during three minutes during the recovery to determine half-recovery time
Gaz exchange	oxygen intake using a portable gaz exchange analyzer	Immediately before the endurance test, immediately after the endurance test and continuously recorded during three minutes during the recovery to determine half-recovery time
blood pressure	blood pressure measured at the arm	Immediately before the endurance test, immediately after the endurance test
Pain sensation	Pain sensation using a visual analog scale	Immediately after the endurance exercise and 48 hours after the endurance test

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Burgundy

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 2012
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2012
• Study Completion (Actual): July 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 6, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 7, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): July 11, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 11, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 7, 2017
• Last Verified: July 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: pain; polyphenols; aerobic; endurance; cycling
• Other Study ID Numbers: CEN1143

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No