Oral Health in Bariatric Patients

As few is known about the oral health of bariatric patients, this study aimed to analyze the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear, dental caries and periodontal diseases of obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery in comparison to obese patients without bariatric procedures.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Bariatric Surgery Candidate; Adiposity; Dental Diseases

Detailed Description

The prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing since the 1980s. Being associated with several risk factors such as hypertension, hyperinsulinemia and hyperlipidemia, obesity presents an immediate and long-term health risk for diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, osteoarthritis and certain forms of cancer. For the control of obesity several therapy options have been developed: Beside conservative treatments including change of diet and lifestyle, bariatric surgery is considered as a promising option for patients with severe obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2). Allowing impressive weight loss from 40 to 80% and effective reduction of comorbidities, bariatric surgery shows some negative/adverse effects as well, like kidney problems, hyperparathyroidism, anemia and metabolic bone diseases. For oral health, two facts are particularly important to consider: Firstly, chronic regurgitation reaching the oral cavity is an important risk factor for erosive tooth wear which initially appear as smooth silky-shining glazed surfaces. Further progress is often associated with hypersensitivities and aesthetic deficits. Over time, often substantial loss can been observed, provoking hypersensitivities and aesthetic deficits. Secondly, depending on the type of bariatric surgery, pronounced postoperative metabolic and nutritional changes can be observed which also might influence oral health. Aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear, dental caries and periodontal diseases of obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery in comparison to obese patients without bariatric procedures.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 100

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Germany
  • Göttingen, Germany, 37085
    • Dept. of Prev. Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, University Medical Center Göttingen

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study enrolls obese adults (Age over 18 years) with an BMI (body mass index) of at least 25 kg/m2 without or after bariatric surgery

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age ≥ 18 years
• BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 without or after bariatric surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• refusal for participation
• age <18 years
• BMI <25 kg/m2

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
obese patients after bariatric surgery; obese adults (≥ 18 years) who underwent bariatric surgery
obese adultes without bariatric surgery; obese adults (≥ 18 years) who did not underwent bariatric surgery at the time of the examination

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - attachment loss	probing depths (mm) + recessions (mm)	10-15 Minutes
Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - BOP	BOP (Bleeding on probing, %) as indicator of inflammation	2 Minutes
Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - dental caries	ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System II, 0-6), presence of restaurations/ crowns (yes/no): calculation of DMFT	2-5 Minutes
Oral health of obese adults without bariatric surgery - erosive tooth wear	BEWE (Basic erosive wear examination, 0-3)	1-2 Minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - attachment loss	probing depths (mm) + recessions (mm)	10-15 Min
Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - BOP	BOP (Bleeding on probing, %) as indicator of inflammation	2 Minutes
Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - dental caries	ICDAS (International Caries Detection and Assessment System II, 0-6), presence of restaurations/ crowns (yes/no): calculation of DMFT	2-5 Minutes
Oral health of obese adults after bariatric surgery - erosive tooth wear	BEWE (Basic erosive wear examination, 0-3)	1-2 Minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Göttingen
• Investigators: Study Director: Annette Wiegand, Prof. Dr. med. dent., Dept. of Prev. Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): June 15, 2018
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): February 12, 2020
• Study Completion (ANTICIPATED): May 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 21, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 3, 2018
• First Posted (ACTUAL): May 4, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): November 6, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 4, 2020
• Last Verified: November 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: obesity; bariatric surgery; Periodontitis; BMI; oral health; Gingivitis; Caries; erosive tooth wear
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Stomatognathic Diseases
• Other Study ID Numbers: 28/3/17

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No