Psychometric Evaluation of the Traditional Chinese Version of Resilience Scale-14

Psychometric Evaluation of the Traditional Chinese Version of Resilience Scale-14 and the Assessment of the Resilience Level of Hong Kong Adolescents

This study will aim to translate the original RS-14 (English version) into traditional Chinese. It will then test the psychometric properties of the newly translated RS-14 to examine its factorial structure using both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and CFA.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Resilience of Hong Kong Adolescents

Detailed Description

Mental health problems in adolescents reflect a global problem that is becoming more prevalent in Hong Kong. In Hong Kong, there is a significant change in family structure to small nuclear families. Children receive more attention and may even be overprotected by parents. Also, parents' great expectations for high academic achievement also contribute to the increase in mental health problems among adolescents in Hong Kong. The Polytechnic University and the Christian Family Service Centre conducted a mental health survey study of 12,518 Form 1 to Form 7 pupils from 2011 to 2014. Of the respondents, 62.1% demonstrated slight to very serious depression symptoms. Evidence has shown that depressive symptoms predict suicidal tendencies among adolescents.

Resilience effectively prevents the development of mental health problems and is associated with positive mental health outcomes in adolescents. Assessing resilience in adolescents is therefore crucial for developing a thorough understanding of their responses to stress and adversity. The literature reports various instruments used to assess resilience, such as the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) and the Resilience Scale (RS). And translated version of RS-14 is also developed because of linguistic and cultural differences.

The proposed study will aim to translate the original RS-14 (English version) into traditional Chinese. It will then test the psychometric properties of the newly translated RS-14 to examine its factorial structure using both exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and CFA. Furthermore, using the newly validated RS-14, a survey will be conducted to assess the resilience level of a large sample group of Hong Kong Chinese adolescents.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 2900

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Hong Kong
  • Hong Kong, Hong Kong
    • The University of Hong Kong

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 12 years to 13 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Form 1 students (Grade 7, 12 to 13 years of age) from six secondary schools across three major districts (Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories) will be randomly selected and invited to participate in the proposed study.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Form 1 students (Grade 7, 12 to 13 years of age) from six secondary schools

Exclusion Criteria:

• Those with chronic illnesses or identified cognitive or learning problems will be excluded.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Resilience level	The RS-14 is a 14-item scale measuring two factors: personal competence, and acceptance of self and life. The item is answered using a 7-point Likert scale ranging from "strongly disagree" to "strongly agree," with total possible scores ranging from 14 to 98. Higher scores indicate higher levels of resilience.	Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of depressive symptoms	The subjects' depressive symptoms will be assessed using the Chinese version of the CES-DC. The CES-DC comprises 20 fully standardized items to evaluate depressive symptoms. All items are evaluated on a four-point self-report scale in relation to their incidence during the last week, which were scored from 0 to 3, with total possible scores ranging from 0 to 60, with higher scores indicating greater symptomatology.	Baseline
Levels of self-esteem	The subjects' self-esteem will be assessed using the Chinese version of the RSES. The RSES is designed to measure the global self-esteem of children and adolescents. The scale comprises 10 items, rated using a 4-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 4, with total possible scores ranging from 10 to 40. Higher scores indicate higher levels of self-esteem.	Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: The University of Hong Kong
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Oi Kwan Joyce Chung, Dr, The University of Hong Kong

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Chung JOK, Lam KKW, Ho KY, Cheung AT, Ho LK, Xei VW, Gibson F, Li WHC. Psychometric evaluation of the traditional Chinese version of the resilience Scale-14 and assessment of resilience in Hong Kong adolescents. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2020 Feb 19;18(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12955-020-01285-4.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 11, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2017
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 15, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 15, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): May 25, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 25, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 15, 2018
• Last Verified: May 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: UW17-378

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No