Improving Physical and Psychosocial Well-being of African American Older Adults

Improving Physical and Psychosocial Well-being of African American Older Adults Living in Rural Areas Through a Community-Based Exercise Program

The proposed research effort will:

The purpose of this study is as follows:

1. Test the feasibility and acceptability of an eight-week community-based exercise program among AA older adults living in rural areas.
2. Determine whether participation in physical exercise through a community-based exercise program in comparison with an attentional control group: a) improves physical well-being b) improves psychosocial well-being

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Physical Activity; Psychosocial Stressors
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Physical Activity for Life (PAL)

Detailed Description

Among the aging population, African Americans (AA) experience depression and other chronic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease at a higher rate compared to non-minorities; moreover, those living in rural areas are less likely to seek treatment due to various factors including lack of accessibility, affordability, and acceptability of health care services. Fortunately, non-pharmacologic and cost-effective interventions such as physical activity can yield physical, psychosocial, and cognitive benefits for older adults. The purpose of the proposed research effort is to test the feasibility of, and effect of a community-based physical exercise program among community-dwelling older adults living in rural areas on the physical and psychosocial well-being. The research effort will be a randomized controlled trial. Fifty African American older adults will be recruited from community centers. A total of 50 participants will be recruited. These adults will be randomly assigned to either the intervention or control group, with each group containing 25 participants. The intervention will occur over a period of eight week. The exercise program will be offered three times a week, with each session lasting one hour. Study measures will be collected prior to the start of the exercise program, after the fourth session, after the last session, and at one-month follow-up. The primary outcome measures for the feasibility study will include enrollment rate, randomization rate, retention rate, and data completion rate. Additionally, the investigators will examine whether there is improvement I both physical and psychosocial measures. All statistical analyses will be conducted using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 41
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Alabama
    • Uniontown, Alabama, United States, 36786
      • Uniontown Recreation Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 65 years to 100 years (Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. At least 65 years of age
2. Identifying as AA
3. community dwelling and living in a rural community.
4. Sedentary life style (engaging in less than two hours of structured physical exercises whether independently or in a group setting every week)
5. Identify as having altered psychosocial health by scoring at least a 10 on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), which is indicative of moderate depressive symptoms (Kroenke, Spitzer, & Williams, 2001).

Exclusion Criteria:

1. cognitive impairment as defined by the St. Louis University Mental Status Exam

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Physical Activity; Physical Activity for Life (PAL) is an 8-week exercise program, meeting three times per week for one hour sessions.	Other: Physical Activity for Life (PAL); The eight-week exercise program (The PAL Study) will incorporate balance, strength, endurance, and flexibility training. The duration of each exercise session, which will be offered three times a week, will be one hour. The supervised exercise session will include 30 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, 15 minutes of resistance training, and 15 minutes of stretching and balance training
No Intervention: Contact Control; those in the attentional contact control group will receive a phone call from research personnel three times per week asking them about their physical exercise routines.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Feasibility of the community based exercise program as measured by enrollment rate	enrollment rate which is the number of participants who sign the informed consent form divided by the number who are approached should be ≥ 60%	12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
physical activity as measured by Fitbit trackers	Fitbit will track the daily steps	12 months
psychosocial Well-being as measured by the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information Systems (PROMIS) Global Health Measure-10	Primary psychosocial variables of interest, that is depression and anxiety will be measured using the PROMIS Global Health Measure-10, a 10-item questionnaire that examines physical, mental, and social health. The questions focus on the previous seven days. This tool is scored on a 5-point Likert scale. Internal consistency of the subscales ranges from Cronbach's alpha = 0.8-0.92. Scores range from 10-50. Higher values indicate higher functioning for all scales- physical, mental or social scales.	12 months
Satisfaction Outcome as measured by the Client satisfaction Questionnaire	Satisfaction with the intervention program will be assessed with the 8-item Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8; Attkisson, 2012), with established reliability, internal consistency, and validity across racial/ethnic groups. Summary scores range from 8-32 with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction. Study-specific satisfaction items will be assessed also using a 4-pt Likert scale . Higher scores mean increased participant satisfaction.	12 months
Physical Function as measured by the senior fitness test	all seven components of the senior fitness test will be examined. This is a validated tool for physical function in older adults.	12 months
physical activity as measured by Fitbit trackers	Fitbit will track number of minutes active every day.	12 months
Feasibility of the community based exercise program as measured by randomization rate	randomization rate which is the number of participants randomized divided by the number of participants consented and screened which should be ≥ 60%	12 months
Feasibility of the community based exercise program as measured by retention rate	retention rate which is the number of participants completing T2 divided by the number who were randomized should be ≥ 80%.	12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Mercy N Mumba, PhD, University of Alabama at Birmingham

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): September 22, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 11, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 19, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): October 23, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 29, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 26, 2024
• Last Verified: May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: physical activity; exercise; depression; anxiety; stress
• Other Study ID Numbers: 18-010-ME

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No