A Dose Escalation and Expansion Study of TRX518 in Combination With Cyclophosphamide Plus Avelumab in Advanced Solid Tumors

This is a Phase 1b/2a dose escalation and expansion, multi-center study to be conducted in 2 phases:

• Phase 1b

  • Dose Escalation Part 1 (Doublet Therapy)
  • Dose Escalation Part 2 (Triplet Therapy)

• Phase 2a

  • Dose Expansion (Triplet Therapy)

Approximately 125 adult patients with histologically confirmed advanced solid tumors requiring therapy will be enrolled in the study. It is expected that approximately 24 patients will be enrolled in up to 4 cohorts, 2 cohorts in Dose Escalation Part 1 and 2 cohorts in Dose Escalation Part 2, of up to 6 patients per cohort. Up to 98 additional patients will be enrolled in the Dose Expansion phase of the study to achieve 88 evaluable patients (i.e., received at least 1 dose of study drug(s) and have 1 evaluable post-baseline modified RECIST v1.1 tumor response assessment; for mCRPC, assessment of soft tissue response will be per modified RECIST v1.1 and bone progression assessment will be per PCWG3 guidelines or discontinued treatment due to death, toxicity, or clinical progression) over 4 independent expansion groups.In either phase (1b or 2a), patients discontinuing for reasons unrelated to study treatment toxicity prior to completion of Cycle (C) 1 may be replaced to achieve the number of required evaluable patients per cancer type following consultation with the Sponsor. Data from each cohort in the Dose Escalation phase will be evaluated independently for safety and dose limiting toxicities (DLTs) prior to dose escalation and again prior to the Dose Expansion phase.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Solid Tumors; Advanced Triple Negative Breast Cancer; Advanced Hormone Receptor Positive/Endocrine Refractory Breast Cancer; Advanced Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer; Advanced Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: TRX518; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Drug: Avelumab

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 10
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Indiana
    • Lafayette, Indiana, United States, 47905
      • Horizon Oncology Research
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10065
      • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
  • Ohio
    • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44195
      • Cleveland Clinic
  • Virginia
    • Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, 22903
      • University of Virginia

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Advanced Solid Malignancies in Dose Escalation Parts 1 and 2:

  • Histologically documented metastatic or locally advanced, incurable solid malignancy.
  • At least one prior line of systemic therapy for metastatic or locally advanced disease.

• Advanced Triple Negative Breast Cancer (Dose Expansion):

  • Histologically proven invasive breast carcinoma with triple-negative receptor status.
  • At least 1 but no more than 2 prior lines of chemotherapy for metastatic or locally advanced disease.

• Advanced Hormone Receptor-Positive/Endocrine-Refractory Breast Cancer (Dose Expansion):

  • Histologically proven invasive breast carcinoma with hormone receptor+, HER2- status.
  • Only postmenopausal women are eligible. - Previously received at least 1 line of aromatase inhibitor ± cyclin dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitor therapy. Prior combination therapies of AI or selective estrogen receptor degrader (SERD [fulvestrant]) ± CDK 4/6 inhibitor or AI plus everolimus will be permitted. Up to 1 prior line of systemic chemotherapy for metastatic disease is allowed.

• Advanced Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer (Dose Expansion):

  • Histologically or cytologically confirmed prostate adenocarcinoma or poorly differentiated carcinoma of the prostate.
  • Surgically or medically castrated, with testosterone levels of < 50 ng/dL (< 2.0 nM). If a patient is being treated with LHRH agonists, this therapy must have been initiated at least 4 weeks prior to treatment start and must be continued throughout the study.
  • Patients must have received ≥1 androgen receptor (AR) signaling inhibitors and had disease progression RECIST v1.1 after no more than 1 prior chemotherapy for mCRPC.

• Advanced Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer (Dose Expansion):

  • Histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic, advanced, or recurrent platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian, primary peritoneal or fallopian tube cancer.
  • Platinum-resistant ovarian cancer defined as disease progression following a response within 180 days following the last administered dose of platinum therapy. Patients who have lack of response (SD) or disease progression while receiving the most recent platinum-based therapy are not eligible.
  • Received up to 3 lines of systemic therapy for platinum-sensitive disease, with the most recent regimen platinum-containing, and no prior systemic therapy for platinum-resistant or refractory disease.

• General:

  • Tumor tissue for mandatory pre-treatment and on-treatment biopsies.
  • One or more tumors measurable on radiographic imaging defined by RECIST 1.1.
  • Adult patients ≥18 years of age.
  • ECOG performance status (PS) score of 0 or 1.
  • Life expectancy of at least 12 weeks.
  • Disease-free of active second/secondary or prior malignancies for ≥2 years, with the exception of currently treated basal cell or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin or carcinoma in-situ of the cervix or breast.
  • Acceptable liver, renal, hematologic and coagulation function.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Hematologic malignancies or multiple myeloma.

• For the Dose Expansion cohorts the following cancers are not permitted:

  • Any of the following pure histologies of ovarian cancer: germ cell, sex cord stroma, carcinosarcoma, or sarcoma.
  • Small cell or pure neuroendocrine prostate carcinoma that has not yet been treated with at least one line of platinum-based chemotherapy (prostate adenocarcinoma with immunohistochemical neuroendocrine differentiation but without histological small cell that is naïve to platinum-based chemotherapy will be allowed.)
  • Inflammatory breast cancer.
• New York Heart Association Class III or IV cardiac disease, myocardial infarction within the past 6 months, or unstable arrhythmia.

• Cardiac function:

  • Known ejection fraction of <50% by gated radionuclide study (e.g., multi-gated acquisition scan);
  • Fridericia-corrected QT interval (QTcF) >470 msec (female) or >450 msec (male), or history of congenital long QT syndrome;
  • Any ECG abnormality, including pericarditis, that in the Investigator's opinion, would preclude safe participation in the study.
• Active, uncontrolled bacterial, viral, or fungal infections within 7 days of study entry requiring systemic therapy.
• Active autoimmune disease that has required systemic treatment in the past 2 years. Replacement therapy (thyroxine, insulin, or physiologic corticosteroid replacement therapy for adrenal or pituitary insufficiency, etc.) is not considered a form of systemic treatment.

• Known clinically important respiratory impairment.

  • History of (non-infectious) pneumonitis that required steroids or current pneumonitis.
  • History of interstitial lung disease.
• Clinically significant gastrointestinal disorders, such as perforation, gastrointestinal bleeding, or diverticulitis.
• Known to be human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive or have hepatitis B surface antigen (HBSAg) or hepatitis C antibodies (HCAb) unless hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA is undetected/negative.
• History of major organ transplant (i.e., heart, lungs, liver, and kidney).
• History of an allogeneic bone marrow transplant.
• History of an autologous bone marrow transplant within 90 days of study entry.
• Symptomatic central nervous system (CNS) malignancy or metastasis. Patients with treated CNS metastases are eligible, provided their disease is radiographically stable, asymptomatic, and they are not currently receiving corticosteroids and/or anticonvulsants. Radiation must have been completed at least 14 days prior to study entry. Screening of asymptomatic patients without a history of CNS metastases is not required.
• Serious nonmalignant disease that could compromise protocol objectives in the opinion of the Investigator and/or the Sponsor.
• Pregnant or nursing women.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

5

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: All Solid Tumors; Phase 1b, Part 1 Dose Escalation: TRX518 + CTX Combination (28-Day Cycle): Subjects receive the following treatment: Fixed dose of TRX518 administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Assigned dose of cyclophosphamide administered intravenously on C1D1 and may be re-administered on D1 of a subsequent cycle Phase 1b, Part 2 Dose Escalation: TRX518 + CTX + avelumab in (28-Day Cycle): Subjects receive the following treatment: Fixed dose of TRX518 administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of avelumab administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of cyclophosphamide administered at the MTD from Part 1 intravenously on C1D1 and may be re-administered on D1 of a subsequent cycle	Drug: TRX518; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Avelumab; Administered by IV infusion; Other Names: BAVENCIO®
Experimental: Advanced Triple Negative Breast Cancer; Phase 2a Dose Expansion: TRX518 + CTX Combination + avelumab (28-Day Cycle): Subjects receive the following treatment: Fixed dose of TRX518 administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of avelumab administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of cyclophosphamide identified in Phase 1b administered on C1D1 and may be re-administered on D1 of a subsequent cycle	Drug: TRX518; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Avelumab; Administered by IV infusion; Other Names: BAVENCIO®
Experimental: Advanced Hormone Receptor+/Endocrine Refractory Breast Cancer; Phase 2a Dose Expansion: TRX518 + CTX Combination + avelumab (28-Day Cycle): Subjects receive the following treatment: Fixed dose of TRX518 administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of avelumab administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of cyclophosphamide identified in Phase 1b administered on C1D1 and may be re-administered on D1 of a subsequent cycle	Drug: TRX518; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Avelumab; Administered by IV infusion; Other Names: BAVENCIO®
Experimental: Advanced Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer; Phase 2a Dose Expansion: TRX518 + CTX Combination + avelumab (28-Day Cycle): Subjects receive the following treatment: Fixed dose of TRX518 administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of avelumab administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of cyclophosphamide identified in Phase 1b administered on C1D1 and may be re-administered on D1 of a subsequent cycle	Drug: TRX518; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Avelumab; Administered by IV infusion; Other Names: BAVENCIO®
Experimental: Advanced Platinum-Resistant Ovarian Cancer; Phase 2a Dose Expansion: TRX518 + CTX Combination + avelumab (28-Day Cycle): Subjects receive the following treatment: Fixed dose of TRX518 administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of avelumab administered intravenously on D2 and D16 per cycle; Fixed dose of cyclophosphamide identified in Phase 1b administered on C1D1 and may be re-administered on D1 of a subsequent cycle	Drug: TRX518; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Cyclophosphamide; Administered by IV infusion; Drug: Avelumab; Administered by IV infusion; Other Names: BAVENCIO®

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Phase 1b: Number of subjects with dose limiting toxicities which will be graded according to the National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI-CTCAE v5.0)		Baseline through 30 days post last dose (5 months)
Phase 1b: Identify the recommended Phase 2 dose (RP2D) of CTX in combination with fixed doses of TRX518 ± avelumab		Baseline through end of Cycle 1 (Day 28)
Phase 2a: Efficacy in Breast and Ovarian Cancer Groups: objective response rate	To determine the objective response rate according to modified RECIST v1.1	Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
Phase 2a: Efficacy in Prostate Cancer Group: objective response rate	To determine the objective response rate according to modified RECIST 1.1 and PCWG3 guidelines	Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
To determine the objective disease control rate (ODCR) according to modified RECIST 1.1 in breast and ovarian cancer groups		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
To determine the objective disease control rate (ODCR) according to modified RECIST 1.1 and PCWG3 guidelines in prostate cancer group		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
To determine the duration of response according to modified RECIST 1.1 in breast and ovarian cancer groups		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
To determine the duration of response according to modified RECIST 1.1 and PCWG criteria in prostate cancer group		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
To determine the progression free survival according to RECIST 1.1 in breast and ovarian cancer groups		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
To determine the progression free survival according to RECIST 1.1 and PCWG3 criteria in prostate cancer group		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
To determine overall survival (OS) in all cancer groups		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
To determine the PSA response in prostate cancer group		Baseline to study completion (approximately 4 months)
Evaluate the effect of TRX518 in combination with cyclophosphamide and avelumab on lymphoid cell subset numbers and function		Various timepoints through study completion (approximately 4 months)
Time to peak concentration (Tmax)	Observations of the distribution, duration of effects and chemical changes of TRX518 and avelumab in the body and the effects and routes of the body's elimination of TRX518 and avelumab	Various timepoints through study completion (approximately 4 months)
TRX518 and avelumab peak concentration (Cmax)	Observations of the distribution, duration of effects and chemical changes of TRX518 and avelumab in the body and the effects and routes of the body's elimination of TRX518 and avelumab	Various timepoints through study completion (approximately 4 months)
Area under the curve (AUC)	Observations of the distribution, duration of effects and chemical changes of TRX518 and avelumab in the body and the effects and routes of the body's elimination of TRX518 and avelumab	Various timepoints through study completion (approximately 4 months)
Assess TRX518 and avelumab immunogenicity		Various timepoints through study completion (approximately 4 months)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Leap Therapeutics, Inc.
• Collaborators: Pfizer; Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 20, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): July 14, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): July 14, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 26, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 27, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): March 4, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 30, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 27, 2023
• Last Verified: November 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Solid tumors; Breast cancer; Prostate cancer; Ovarian cancer; Refractory; Metastatic; Recurrent; Stage III or IV
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Endocrine System Diseases; Ovarian Diseases; Adnexal Diseases; Gonadal Disorders; Endocrine Gland Neoplasms; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Breast Diseases; Prostatic Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Urogenital Diseases; Male Urogenital Diseases; Genital Diseases, Male; Genital Diseases; Genital Diseases, Female; Breast Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms; Ovarian Neoplasms; Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antirheumatic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; Alkylating Agents; Myeloablative Agonists; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Cyclophosphamide; Avelumab
• Other Study ID Numbers: TRX518-004

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No