The Effects of Kinesiotaping on Balance in Children With Down Syndrome.

This study aimed to explore the effects of Kinesio tape applied to plantar soles on balance in children with Down Syndrome (DS). Two groups including children with DS and a group with their typically developing peers evaluated. Half of the children with DS took Kinesio tape application to the plantar soles and the other half took sham taping application. All children evaluated with dynamic and static balance measurements and DS children evaluated immediately after taping and 45 minutes after taping again with the same measurements.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Down Syndrome; Balance
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Kinesio taping; Other: Sham taping

Detailed Description

Balance is one of the most problematic issues in children with DS. Mechanoreceptors of plantar region of the foot helps to regulate human erect posture and balance. Studies shows that inputs from foot sole give a positive effect in improving balance both in healthy and neurologically demaged subjects. Kinesio tape is a supportive method in physiotherapy with it's proprioceptive input giving effects. It is aimed to show the acute effects of Kinesio tape on balance parameters in children with DS.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 36
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Balçova
    • İ̇zmi̇r, Balçova, Turkey, 35330
      • Dokuz Eylül University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 6 years to 20 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

The inclusion criteria for healthy children:

• Not having any orthopedic or neurological disorder
• To understand and do the commands given
• Being willing to participate in the study

The inclusion criteria for children with DS:

• To have diagnosis of DS
• Not having any orthopedic or neurological disorder in addition the DS
• To understand and do the commands given
• Being willing to participate in the study.

Exclusion criteria for all children:

• Auditory and visual problems (not using glasses)
• Operated in last 6 months prior to he study

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Kinesio taping group (KT); Kinesio taping applied to plantar soles of these children with Down Syndrome. Epidermis-Dermis-Fascia technique was used for providing sensory input from soles. The application was performed on both feet.	Other: Kinesio taping; For the fascia technique, one part of the band which were divided by 4 fans is adhered on Achilles tendon to the heel with a 0% stretch. Then the plantar fascia was stretched by the examiner and the toes were extended (ankle dorsiflexion, toe extension) and the divided part of the band was applied toward the metatarsal heads with paper-off technique (5-15%).
Sham Comparator: Sham taping group (ST); A random taping was performed using Kinesio tape but without using Kinesiotaping techniques for sham taping. The application was performed on both feet	Other: Sham taping; ''I'' bant were cut from the middle point of the Achilles tendon to the metatarsal heads. The band was applied from the Achilles tendon to the metatarsal heads without any stretching of plantar fascia and band.
No Intervention: Healty control group; This group took no intervention but all balance assessments once.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Static balance	Static balance is the ability to keep the body upward without falling when the person is not moving.	Static balance evaluated with Modified Clinical test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (MCTSIB) for Down syndrome children before the randomization and taping application. The healthy control group took this test once. This test takes 1-2 minutes.
Functional (dynamic) balance	Dynamic balance is the ability to keep the body upward without falling when the person is moving and in challenging conditions like walking, running, jumping, reaching etc.	Dynamic balance evaluated with Timed Up and Go for Down syndrome children before the randomization and taping application. The healthy control group took this test once. This test takes 1-2 minutes.
Static balance	Static balance is the ability to keep the body upward without falling when the person is not moving.	Static balance evaluated with Modified Clinical test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (MCTSIB) for Down syndrome children immediately after the taping application. This test takes 1-2 minutes.
Functional (dynamic) balance	Dynamic balance is the ability to keep the body upward without falling when the person is moving and in challenging conditions like walking, running, jumping, reaching etc.	Dynamic balance evaluated with Timed Up and Go test for Down syndrome children immediately after the taping application. This test takes 1-2 minutes.
Static balance	Static balance is the ability to keep the body upward without falling when the person is not moving.	Static balance evaluated with Modified Clinical test of Sensory Interaction on Balance (MCTSIB) for Down syndrome children 45 minutes after the taping application. This test takes 1-2 minutes.
Functional (dynamic) balance	Dynamic balance is the ability to keep the body upward without falling when the person is moving and in challenging conditions like walking, running, jumping, reaching etc.	Dynamic balance evaluated with Timed Up and Go test for Down syndrome children 45 minutes after the taping application. This test takes 1-2 minutes.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Gazi University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Alsakhawi RS, Elshafey MA. Effect of Core Stability Exercises and Treadmill Training on Balance in Children with Down Syndrome: Randomized Controlled Trial. Adv Ther. 2019 Sep;36(9):2364-2373. doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-01024-2. Epub 2019 Jul 12.
• Kavounoudias A, Roll R, Roll JP. Foot sole and ankle muscle inputs contribute jointly to human erect posture regulation. J Physiol. 2001 May 1;532(Pt 3):869-78. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.2001.0869e.x.
• Tutun Yumin E, Simsek TT, Sertel M, Ankarali H, Yumin M. The effect of foot plantar massage on balance and functional reach in patients with type II diabetes. Physiother Theory Pract. 2017 Feb;33(2):115-123. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2016.1271849. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
• Hu Y, Zhong D, Xiao Q, Chen Q, Li J, Jin R. Kinesio Taping for Balance Function after Stroke: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2019 Jul 16;2019:8470235. doi: 10.1155/2019/8470235. eCollection 2019.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 25, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 15, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): May 15, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 29, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 6, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): November 7, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 7, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 6, 2019
• Last Verified: November 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Down Syndrome; Postural Balance; Kinesio Taping
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Disease; Congenital Abnormalities; Genetic Diseases, Inborn; Intellectual Disability; Abnormalities, Multiple; Chromosome Disorders; Syndrome; Down Syndrome
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2018/05-23

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No