Effects of Infant Egg Consumption on Child Health and Cognition Development

The objective of this study is to examine how infant egg consumption (age of introduction and frequency of intake) influences physical growth, obesity, cardio-metabolic health, risk of food allergy, and cognition development in mid-childhood and adolescence.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Obesity; Metabolic Syndrome; Cardiovascular Risk Factor; Food Allergy; Growth & Development; Cognitive Developmental Delay
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Infant egg consumption (i.e., age of introduction and frequency of intake)

Detailed Description

The investigators will use existing data from two US longitudinal birth cohorts that tracked mother-child dyads from pregnancy to adolescence: 1) Project Viva (1999-present) that enrolled 2,341 pregnancies and followed 2,128 children at delivery, 6 months, then yearly from 1 year to 15 years of child age, and 2) the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS II, 2005-2007) that enrolled 3,033 pregnancies with surveys in late pregnancy, neonatal (1 month), then monthly from 2 months (N=2,552) to 12 months of infant age, and at 6 years. For Aim 1, the investigators will classify infants based on their age of egg introduction: never, <2 months, 2-3 months, 4-5 months, 6-8 months, 9-11 months, and 12 months. The investigators will compare physical growth, obesity, cardio-metabolic health, food allergy, and cognition test scores in mid-childhood and adolescence. The investigators will fit multi-variable linear or logistic regression models with fractional polynomial functions of the infant age of egg introduction. Both linear (e.g., earlier introduction, a higher probability of the outcome) and non-linear (e.g., threshold effect) associations will be tested. For Aim 2, The investigators will classify infants based on their frequency of egg intake: never, <once/week, once/week, 2-4 times/week, nearly daily or daily, and 2 times/day. The investigators will use similar analytic methods mentioned above to compare their later outcomes. Finally, the investigators will create an average probability of multiple child outcomes to balance across different aspects of child health and development. The investigators will identify the lowest-risk infant egg consumption when the corresponding average predicted probability of the related adverse outcomes is the lowest.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 5374

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New York
    • Buffalo, New York, United States, 14214
      • Division of Behavioral Medicine Department of Pediatrics Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences State University of New York at Buffalo

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 1 second to 15 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The investigators will use existing data from two US longitudinal birth cohorts that tracked mother-child dyads from pregnancy to adolescence: 1) Project Viva (1999-present) that enrolled 2,341 pregnancies and followed 2,128 children at delivery, 6 months, then yearly from 1 year to 15 years of child age, and 2) the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS II, 2005-2007) that enrolled 3,033 pregnancies with surveys in late pregnancy, neonatal (1 month), then monthly from 2 months (N=2,552) to 12 months of infant age, and at 6 years.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Children with complete data on infant egg consumption and the corresponding health and cognition outcomes.

Exclusion Criteria:

• None.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Project Viva; Project Viva (1999-present) enrolled 2,341 pregnancies and followed 2,128 children at delivery, 6 months, then yearly from 1 year to 15 years of child age.	Other: Infant egg consumption (i.e., age of introduction and frequency of intake)
Infant Feeding Practices Study II; The Infant Feeding Practices Study II (IFPS II, 2005-2007) enrolled 3,033 pregnancies with surveys in late pregnancy, neonatal (1 month), then monthly from 2 months (N=2,552) to 12 months of infant age, and at 6 years.	Other: Infant egg consumption (i.e., age of introduction and frequency of intake)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Weight	Research staff measured children's weight in Project Viva.	At 6 months (infancy)
Weight	Research staff measured children's weight in Project Viva.	3 years (early childhood)
Weight	Research staff measured children's weight in Project Viva.	7 years (mid-childhood)
Weight	Research staff measured children's weight in Project Viva.	12-13 years (early teen)
Weight	Research staff measured children's weight in Project Viva.	14-15 years (mid-teen)
Weight	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant weight in survey.	3 months
Weight	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant weight survey.	5 months
Weight	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant weight in survey.	7 months
Weight	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant weight in survey.	12 months
Weight	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant weight in survey.	6 years
Height	Research staff measured children's height in Project Viva.	6 months
Height	Research staff measured children's height in Project Viva.	3 years
Height	Research staff measured children's height in Project Viva.	7 years
Height	Research staff measured children's height in Project Viva.	12-13 years
Height	Research staff measured children's height in Project Viva.	14-15 years
Height	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant height in survey.	3 months
Height	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant height in survey.	5 months
Height	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant height in survey.	7 months
Height	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant height in survey.	12 months
Height	In IFPS II, mothers reported infant height in survey.	6 years
Waist Circumference	Research staff measured children's waist circumference in Project Viva.	6 months
Waist Circumference	Research staff measured children's waist circumference in Project Viva.	3 years
Waist Circumference	Research staff measured children's waist circumference in Project Viva.	7 years
Waist Circumference	Research staff measured children's waist circumference in Project Viva.	12-13 years
Waist Circumference	Research staff measured children's waist circumference in Project Viva.	14-15 years
Skinfold thickness	Research staff measured children's skinfold thickness in Project Viva.	3 years
Skinfold thickness	Research staff measured children's skinfold thickness in Project Viva.	7 years
Skinfold thickness	Research staff measured children's skinfold thickness in Project Viva.	12-13 years
Skinfold thickness	Research staff measured children's skinfold thickness in Project Viva.	14-15 years
Fat mass	Research staff measured children's fat mass in Project Viva.	7 years
Fat mass	Research staff measured children's fat mass in Project Viva.	12-13 years
Fat mass	Research staff measured children's fat mass in Project Viva.	14-15 years
Lean mass	Research staff measured children's lean mass in Project Viva.	7 years
Lean mass	Research staff measured children's lean mass in Project Viva.	12-13 years
Lean mass	Research staff measured children's lean mass in Project Viva.	14-15 years
Trunk fat mass	Research staff measured children's trunk fat mass in Project Viva.	7 years
Trunk fat mass	Research staff measured children's trunk fat mass in Project Viva.	12-13 years
Trunk fat mass	Research staff measured children's trunk fat mass in Project Viva.	14-15 years
Systolic blood pressure	Research staff measured children's systolic blood pressure in Project Viva.	7 years (mid-childhood)
Systolic blood pressure	Research staff measured children's systolic blood pressure in Project Viva.	12-13 years (early teen)
Systolic blood pressure	Research staff measured children's systolic blood pressure in Project Viva.	14-15 years (mid-teen)
Diastolic blood pressure	Research staff measured children's diastolic blood pressure in Project Viva.	7 years
Diastolic blood pressure	Research staff measured children's diastolic blood pressure in Project Viva.	12-13 years (early teen)
Diastolic blood pressure	Research staff measured children's diastolic blood pressure in Project Viva.	14-15 years (mid-teen)
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	2 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	3 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	4 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	5 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	6 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	7 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	8 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	9 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	10 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	11 years
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	12-13 years (early teen)
Diagnosis of food allergy	Research staff measured children's food allergy in Project Viva.	14-15 years (mid-teen)
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	2 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	3 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	4 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	5 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	6 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	7 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	8 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	9 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	10 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	11 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	12 months
Diagnosis of food allergy	In the IFPS-II mothers reported the child's food allergy.	6 years
Intelligence (PPVT-III test)	In Project Viva, trained research staff administered the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-3rd edition (PPVT-III, a test of receptive language) at 3 years of age.	3 years
Intelligence (KBIT-II test)	In Project Viva, trained research staff administered the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test-2nd edition (KBIT-II, verbal and non-verbal intelligence) at 7 years of age.	7 years
Visual-motor (WRAVMA)	Research staff measured children's visual-motor in Project Viva. For the visual-motor domain, research staff administered the Wide Range Assessment of Visual Motor Abilities (WRAVMA) at the 3-years visit.	3 years
Visual-motor (WRAVMA)	Research staff measured children's visual-motor in Project Viva. At the 7-years visit, staff administered the WRAVMA visual motor (drawing) subtest only.	7 years
Memory-learning	Research staff measured children's memory-learning in Project Viva. For the memory-learning domain, staff administered the design memory and picture memory subsets of Wide Range Assessment of Memory and Learning (WRAML) at the 7-years visit.	7 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: State University of New York at Buffalo
• Collaborators: American Egg Board
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Xiaozhong Wen, State University of New York at Buffalo

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 1, 1999
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 30, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): November 30, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 4, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 11, 2020
• First Posted (Actual): April 14, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 22, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 20, 2020
• Last Verified: October 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Hypersensitivity, Immediate; Insulin Resistance; Hyperinsulinism; Hypersensitivity; Metabolic Syndrome; Food Hypersensitivity
• Other Study ID Numbers: STUDY00004022

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No