Turkish Validity and Reliability of Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C)

March 11, 2024 updated by: Ozge Cankaya, Kutahya Health Sciences University

Turkish Validity and Reliability of Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C) in Children/Adolescents With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis

Perception of chronic pain and related disability; occurs through the interaction of physiological and psychological processes. Pain catastrophizing is a cognitive attribution style characterized by a negative mindset and magnification of pain. Catastrophizing in children has been associated with poor functioning and higher levels of pain. Catastrophizing during the transition to adulthood is defined as an important predictor of persistent pain and central sensitivity. The number of scales assessing pain and attitudes related to pain in children is quite low. In recent years, with the adaptation of the assessment scales used for adults to children or the development of new scales, the assessment of pain and pain-related attitudes in children has begun to be provided. Pain catastrophizing scale (PCS), in 1995 Sullivan et al. for the purpose of comprehensive assessment in adults experiencing pain-related disasters. In 2003, Crombez et al. showed the validity and reliability of the scale in school-age children. For predictive validity, the scale was administered to children with chronic pain, and it was reported to predict the severity of pain and pain-related disability.

Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C) scale; It is a self-report measure adapted from the Adult Pain Catastrophizing Scale used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. It contains 13 items rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true". Substances; rumination (4 items, e.g. "When [my child] has pain, I can't get him out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. the child has pain], thinking about other painful events"), and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "[My child's]] When I have pain, I feel that I cannot continue"). Items are aggregated across subscales to obtain a total score ranging from 0 to 52; higher scores are related to higher catastrophizing attitude.

The pain catastrophizing scale was originally developed in German and later validity and reliability studies were conducted in different languages. The aim of this study is to question the Turkish validity and reliability of the "Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C)" scale.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Now, the study is continuing. 50% of the participant were evaluated.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

75

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
      • Denizli, Turkey
        • Pamukkale University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

7 years to 18 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA); It is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in childhood. It is a chronic autoimmune disease of unknown cause, in which arthritis occurs in one and/or more joints for at least 6 weeks before the age of 16. The average prevalence values found in studies conducted in various countries are between 16-150/100.000. In the study on the prevalence of JIA in our country, the rate was; It is stated as 64/100,000.

Persistent pain is the most common and bothersome symptom of JIA, and pain in childhood arthritis is multifactorial.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. 7-18 years old
  2. Agree to participate in the study
  3. Whose symptoms and medications are stable,
  4. Do not have a psychiatric disease that may affect cooperation,
  5. Patients with JIA who do not have heart failure and lung pathology at a level that will affect their daily living activities will be included.

Exclusion Criteria:

Participants who cannot understand and follow the instructions will be excluded from the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Cohort
  • Time Perspectives: Prospective

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C)
Time Frame: 12 months
Pain Catastrophizing Scale-Child (PCS-C); It is a self-report measure adapted from the Adult Pain Catastrophizing Scale used to assess negative thinking associated with pain. It contains 13 items rated on a 5-point scale ranging from 0 = "not at all true" to 4 = "very true". Substances; rumination (4 items, e.g. "When [my child] has pain, I can't get him out of my mind"), magnification (3 items, e.g. the child has pain], thinking about other painful events"), and helplessness (6 items, e.g. "[My child's]] When I have pain, I feel that I cannot continue"). Items are aggregated across subscales to obtain a total score ranging from 0 to 52; higher scores are associated with higher catastrophizing attitude.
12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Kutahya Health Sciences University

Investigators

  • Study Director: Bilge Başakçı-Çalık, Prof, Prof.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

October 15, 2022

Primary Completion (Actual)

June 15, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

January 15, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 23, 2022

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 23, 2022

First Posted (Actual)

June 29, 2022

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 12, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 11, 2024

Last Verified

March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • KSBU

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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