A Study of Lower Radiotherapy Dose to Treat Children With CNS Germinoma

April 28, 2026 updated by: Children's Oncology Group

A Phase II Trial Evaluating Chemotherapy Followed by Response-Based Reduced Radiation Therapy for Patients With Central Nervous System Germinomas

This phase II trial studies how well lower dose radiotherapy after chemotherapy (Carboplatin & Etoposide) works in treating children with central nervous system (CNS) germinomas. Radiation therapy uses high energy x-rays, particles, or radioactive seeds to kill cancer cells and shrink tumors. Carboplatin is in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds. It works in a way similar to the anticancer drug cisplatin, but may be better tolerated than cisplatin. Carboplatin works by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of tumor cells. Etoposide is in a class of medications known as podophyllotoxin derivatives. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair and may kill cancer cells. Researchers want to see if lowering the dose of standard radiotherapy (RT) after chemotherapy can help get rid of CNS germinomas with fewer long-term side effects.

Study Overview

Status

Recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:

I. To determine whether 12 Gy whole ventricular irradiation (WVI) and 12 Gy tumor boost would maintain similar efficacy compared to ACNS1123 stratum 2 as measured by event-free survival (EFS) in eligible patients with localized primary central nervous system (CNS) germinoma who present with serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) human chorionic gonadotropin-beta (hCGbeta) ≤ 100 IU/L and normal alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), and meet complete response (CR) or continued complete response (CCR) criteria following chemotherapy/second-look surgery (Stratum 1).

SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the EFS distribution for patients with localized midline - including bifocal - CNS germinoma with partial response (PR) after chemotherapy, followed by 18 Gy WVI and 12 Gy tumor boost (Stratum 2).

II. To estimate the EFS distribution for patients with localized midline - including bifocal - CNS germinoma with less than a PR after chemotherapy, followed by 24 Gy WVI and 12 Gy tumor boost (Stratum 3).

III. To estimate the overall survival (OS), response rates to chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT), as well as the patterns of failure of the various cohorts based on tumor characteristics, treatment regimen, and treatment modality.

IV. To determine the impact of tumor characteristics, treatment regimen and treatment modalities on the long-term neuroendocrine function for patients with CNS germinomas.

V. To prospectively evaluate processing speed of children and young adults with CNS germinoma through the Children's Oncology Group (COG) Standardized assessment battery.

EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:

I. To estimate the EFS distribution for patients with metastatic germinomas treated with chemotherapy followed by craniospinal irradiation (CSI) [18 Gy for CR/CCR (Stratum 4)] or [24 Gy for less than CR (Stratum 5)] with a 12 Gy tumor boost to the pre-treatment volume, including metastatic sites.

II. To estimate the EFS distribution for patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinomas (BGTG) treated with chemotherapy followed by whole brain irradiation (WBI) [18 Gy for CR/CCR (Stratum 6)] or [24 Gy for less than CR (Stratum 7)] with a 12 Gy tumor boost to the pre-treatment volume.

III. To prospectively collect blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and tumor tissue at diagnosis and second-look surgery (if feasible) for future biology studies.

IV. To prospectively measure the incidence of cerebral vascular events (stroke or transient ischemic attacks) in the follow-up period and longitudinally evaluate and model the cognitive, social and behavioral functioning of children and young adults with CNS germinoma through the COG Standardized assessment battery, and compare these outcomes based on tumor characteristics, treatment regimen, and treatment modality.

OUTLINE:

INDUCTION PHASE: All patients receive carboplatin intravenously (IV) over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.

Patients are then assigned to 1 of 7 strata.

STRATUM I: Patients with localized germinoma achieving CR with normalization of markers undergo 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT)/3-dimensional conformal proton radiation therapy (3D-CPRT) or intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT)/intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) once daily (QD) 5 days a week for 16 days. Patients achieving PR with normalization of markers may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 16 days. Patients with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR or PR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 16 days. Patients with bifocal germinoma undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 16 days.

STRATUM II: Patients with localized germinoma achieving PR with normalization of markers who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days.

STRATUM III: Patients with localized germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR or PR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days.

STRATUM IV: Patients with metastatic germinoma achieving CR undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients with metastatic germinoma and normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days.

STRATUM V: Patients with metastatic germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days.

STRATUM VI: Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma achieving CR undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma and normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days.

STRATUM VII: Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days.

Patients with non-normalized tumor markers or PD and no second-look surgery or viable tumor during second-look surgery discontinue protocol therapy.

All patients undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo lumbar puncture (LP) for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 12 months, every 4 months for 24 months, and then annually for up to 120 months.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

240

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Australia
    • New South Wales
      • Hunter Regional Mail Centre, New South Wales, Australia, 2310
        • Recruiting
        • John Hunter Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: (02) 4985 5180
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kristy McCarthy
      • Randwick, New South Wales, Australia, 2031
        • Recruiting
        • Sydney Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: (02) 9382-1721
        • Principal Investigator:
          • David S. Ziegler
      • Westmead, New South Wales, Australia, 2145
        • Recruiting
        • The Children's Hospital at Westmead
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 61-2-9845 1400
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Bhavna Padhye
    • Queensland
      • South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4101
        • Recruiting
        • Queensland CHILDREN'S HOSPITAL
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Steven A. Foresto
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 61 7 3068 1111
    • Victoria
      • Parkville, Victoria, Australia, 3052
        • Recruiting
        • Royal Children's Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Martin A. Campbell
        • Contact:
    • Western Australia
      • Perth, Western Australia, Australia, 6009
  • Canada
      • Québec, Canada, G1V 4G2
        • Recruiting
        • CHU de Quebec-Centre Hospitalier de l'Universite Laval (CHUL)
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Bruno Michon
        • Contact:
    • Alberta
      • Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, T6G 2B7
        • Recruiting
        • University of Alberta Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sarah J. McKillop
    • British Columbia
      • Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, V6H 3V4
        • Recruiting
        • British Columbia Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 6477 604-875-2345
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Rebecca J. Deyell
    • Manitoba
      • Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3E 0V9
        • Recruiting
        • CancerCare Manitoba
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Stephanie M. Villeneuve
    • Nova Scotia
      • Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3K 6R8
        • Recruiting
        • IWK Health Centre
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Craig Erker
    • Ontario
      • Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5
        • Recruiting
        • McMaster Children's Hospital at Hamilton Health Sciences
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 905-521-2100
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Uma H. Athale
      • London, Ontario, Canada, N6A 5W9
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 519-685-8306
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Shayna M. Zelcer
      • Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 1X8
        • Recruiting
        • Hospital for Sick Children
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Pak Yin Anthony Liu
    • Quebec
      • Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3H 1P3
        • Recruiting
        • The Montreal Children's Hospital of the MUHC
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Stephanie Mourad
      • Montreal, Quebec, Canada, H3T 1C5
        • Recruiting
        • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Monia Marzouki
        • Contact:
      • Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, J1H 5N4
        • Recruiting
        • Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke-Fleurimont
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Josee Brossard
  • United States
    • Alabama
      • Mobile, Alabama, United States, 36604
        • Recruiting
        • USA Health Strada Patient Care Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-388-8721
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Hamayun Imran
    • Arizona
      • Phoenix, Arizona, United States, 85016
        • Recruiting
        • Phoenix Childrens Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 602-546-0920
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael R. Mangum
    • Arkansas
      • Little Rock, Arkansas, United States, 72202-3591
        • Recruiting
        • Arkansas Children's Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael W. Bishop
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 501-364-7373
    • California
      • Loma Linda, California, United States, 92354
        • Recruiting
        • Loma Linda University Medical Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 909-558-4050
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Albert Kheradpour
      • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90027
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital Los Angeles
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 323-361-4110
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Katrina O'Halloran
      • Oakland, California, United States, 94609
        • Recruiting
        • UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alyssa T. Reddy
        • Contact:
      • Orange, California, United States, 92868
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of Orange County
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Elyssa M. Rubin
      • Palo Alto, California, United States, 94304
        • Recruiting
        • Lucile Packard Children's Hospital Stanford University
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jay Michael S. Balagtas
      • San Diego, California, United States, 92123
        • Recruiting
        • Rady Children's Hospital - San Diego
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 858-966-5934
        • Principal Investigator:
          • William D. Roberts
      • San Francisco, California, United States, 94158
        • Recruiting
        • UCSF Medical Center-Mission Bay
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alyssa T. Reddy
    • Colorado
      • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital Colorado
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Holly B. Lindsay
    • Connecticut
      • Hartford, Connecticut, United States, 06106
        • Recruiting
        • Connecticut Children's Medical Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 860-545-9981
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael S. Isakoff
    • Delaware
      • Wilmington, Delaware, United States, 19803
        • Recruiting
        • Alfred I duPont Hospital for Children
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sridhi Patel
    • District of Columbia
      • Washington D.C., District of Columbia, United States, 20010
        • Recruiting
        • Children's National Medical Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jeffrey S. Dome
        • Contact:
    • Florida
      • Hollywood, Florida, United States, 33021
        • Recruiting
        • Memorial Regional Hospital/Joe DiMaggio Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 954-265-1847
          • Email: OHR@mhs.net
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Iftikhar Hanif
      • Jacksonville, Florida, United States, 32207
        • Recruiting
        • Nemours Children's Clinic-Jacksonville
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sridhi Patel
      • Miami, Florida, United States, 33155
        • Recruiting
        • Nicklaus Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 888-624-2778
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Ziad A. Khatib
      • Miami, Florida, United States, 33136
        • Recruiting
        • University of Miami Miller School of Medicine-Sylvester Cancer Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 305-243-2647
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Bradley Gampel
      • Orlando, Florida, United States, 32806
        • Recruiting
        • Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jaime M. Libes-Bander
        • Contact:
      • Orlando, Florida, United States, 32827
        • Recruiting
        • Nemours Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sridhi Patel
      • Pensacola, Florida, United States, 32504
        • Active, not recruiting
        • Sacred Heart Hospital
      • Pensacola, Florida, United States, 32504
      • St. Petersburg, Florida, United States, 33701
        • Recruiting
        • Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Stacie L. Stapleton
      • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33607
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Joseph's Hospital/Children's Hospital-Tampa
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Don E. Eslin
    • Georgia
      • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30329
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Healthcare of Atlanta - Arthur M Blank Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jason R. Fangusaro
        • Contact:
    • Hawaii
      • Honolulu, Hawaii, United States, 96826
        • Recruiting
        • Kapiolani Medical Center for Women and Children
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 808-983-6090
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Wade T. Kyono
    • Idaho
      • Boise, Idaho, United States, 83712
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Luke's Cancer Institute - Boise
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Martha M. Pacheco
        • Contact:
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611
        • Recruiting
        • Lurie Children's Hospital-Chicago
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alicia Lenzen
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 773-880-4562
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637
        • Recruiting
        • University of Chicago Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sudarshawn Damodharan
      • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60612
        • Recruiting
        • University of Illinois
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 312-355-3046
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Dipti S. Dighe
      • Maywood, Illinois, United States, 60153
        • Recruiting
        • Loyola University Medical Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 708-226-4357
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Eugene Suh
    • Indiana
      • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
        • Recruiting
        • Riley Hospital for Children
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-248-1199
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sandeep Batra
    • Iowa
      • Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242
        • Recruiting
        • University of Iowa/Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-237-1225
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Andrew P. Groves
    • Kentucky
      • Louisville, Kentucky, United States, 40202
        • Recruiting
        • Norton Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael J. Ferguson
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21287
        • Recruiting
        • Johns Hopkins University/Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kenneth J. Cohen
    • Massachusetts
      • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215
        • Recruiting
        • Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kee Kiat Yeo
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 877-442-3324
    • Michigan
      • Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48109
        • Recruiting
        • C S Mott Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 800-865-1125
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Andrea T. Franson
      • Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States, 49503
        • Recruiting
        • Corewell Health Grand Rapids Hospitals - Helen DeVos Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Kathleen Y. Butler
    • Minnesota
      • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55404
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael K. Richards
        • Contact:
      • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
        • Recruiting
        • University of Minnesota/Masonic Cancer Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 612-624-2620
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Clay M. Hoerig
      • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
        • Recruiting
        • Mayo Clinic in Rochester
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 855-776-0015
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Joseph Z. Wilson
    • Mississippi
      • Jackson, Mississippi, United States, 39216
        • Recruiting
        • University of Mississippi Medical Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Betty L. Herrington
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 601-815-6700
    • Missouri
      • Kansas City, Missouri, United States, 64108
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Mercy Hospitals and Clinics
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Keith J. August
        • Contact:
      • St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
        • Recruiting
        • Washington University School of Medicine
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Mohamed S. Abdelbaki
        • Contact:
      • St Louis, Missouri, United States, 63104
        • Recruiting
        • Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 314-268-4000
        • Principal Investigator:
          • William S. Ferguson
    • Nebraska
      • Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68114
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital and Medical Center of Omaha
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 402-955-3949
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jill C. Beck
      • Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68198
        • Recruiting
        • University of Nebraska Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jill C. Beck
    • Nevada
      • Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, 89135
        • Recruiting
        • Alliance for Childhood Diseases/Cure 4 the Kids Foundation
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alan K. Ikeda
      • Las Vegas, Nevada, United States, 89144
        • Recruiting
        • Summerlin Hospital Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alan K. Ikeda
    • New Hampshire
      • Lebanon, New Hampshire, United States, 03756
        • Recruiting
        • Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center/Dartmouth Cancer Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Angela Ricci
        • Contact:
    • New Jersey
      • Hackensack, New Jersey, United States, 07601
        • Recruiting
        • Hackensack University Medical Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Derek R. Hanson
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 551-996-2897
      • New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States, 08901
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Peter's University Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Nibal A. Zaghloul
      • New Brunswick, New Jersey, United States, 08903
        • Recruiting
        • Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 732-235-8675
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Nehal S. Parikh
      • Newark, New Jersey, United States, 07112
        • Recruiting
        • Newark Beth Israel Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Teena Bhatla
      • Paterson, New Jersey, United States, 07503
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Joseph's Regional Medical Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alissa Kahn
    • New York
      • Albany, New York, United States, 12208
        • Recruiting
        • Albany Medical Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 518-262-5513
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Lauren R. Weintraub
      • New Hyde Park, New York, United States, 11040
        • Recruiting
        • The Steven and Alexandra Cohen Children's Medical Center of New York
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 718-470-3460
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Julie I. Krystal
      • New York, New York, United States, 10032
        • Recruiting
        • NYP/Columbia University Medical Center/Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Nobuko Hijiya
        • Contact:
      • New York, New York, United States, 10065
        • Recruiting
        • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 212-639-7592
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sameer Farouk Sait
      • New York, New York, United States, 10016
        • Recruiting
        • Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center at NYU Langone
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jessica Clymer
      • New York, New York, United States, 10029
        • Recruiting
        • Mount Sinai Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 212-824-7309
          • Email: CCTO@mssm.edu
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Pamela R. Merola
      • Syracuse, New York, United States, 13210
        • Recruiting
        • State University of New York Upstate Medical University
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 315-464-5476
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Melanie A. Comito
      • The Bronx, New York, United States, 10467
        • Recruiting
        • Montefiore Medical Center - Moses Campus
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Alice Lee
    • North Carolina
      • Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States, 27599
        • Recruiting
        • UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • David E. Kram
      • Winston-Salem, North Carolina, United States, 27157
        • Recruiting
        • Wake Forest University Health Sciences
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 336-713-6771
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sarah Supples
    • North Dakota
      • Fargo, North Dakota, United States, 58122
    • Ohio
      • Cleveland, Ohio, United States, 44106
        • Recruiting
        • Rainbow Babies and Childrens Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 216-844-5437
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Duncan S. Stearns
      • Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43205
    • Oklahoma
      • Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, United States, 73104
        • Recruiting
        • University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Rene Y. McNall-Knapp
    • Oregon
      • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97239
        • Recruiting
        • Oregon Health and Science University
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Neha J. Patel
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of Philadelphia
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Michael J. Fisher
        • Contact:
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19134
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Christopher's Hospital for Children
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 215-427-8991
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Gregory E. Halligan
      • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15224
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • James T. Felker
    • Rhode Island
      • Providence, Rhode Island, United States, 02903
        • Recruiting
        • Rhode Island Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Bradley DeNardo
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 401-444-1488
    • South Carolina
      • Columbia, South Carolina, United States, 29203
        • Recruiting
        • Prisma Health Richland Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Stuart L. Cramer
        • Contact:
      • Greenville, South Carolina, United States, 29605
        • Recruiting
        • BI-LO Charities Children's Cancer Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Aniket Saha
        • Contact:
    • South Dakota
      • Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States, 57117-5134
    • Tennessee
      • Memphis, Tennessee, United States, 38105
        • Recruiting
        • Saint Jude Children's Research Hospital
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Aditi Bagchi
        • Contact:
    • Texas
      • Austin, Texas, United States, 78723
        • Recruiting
        • Dell Children's Medical Center of Central Texas
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Shannon M. Cohn
      • Corpus Christi, Texas, United States, 78411
        • Recruiting
        • Driscoll Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Nkechi I. Mba
      • Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390
        • Recruiting
        • UT Southwestern/Simmons Cancer Center-Dallas
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Laura J. Klesse
      • Dallas, Texas, United States, 75230
        • Recruiting
        • Medical City Dallas Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 972-566-5588
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Maurizio L. Ghisoli
      • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
        • Recruiting
        • M D Anderson Cancer Center
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Najat C. Daw
      • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
        • Recruiting
        • Baylor College of Medicine/Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Jack M. Su
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 713-798-1354
          • Email: burton@bcm.edu
      • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78207
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of San Antonio
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Julie Voeller
      • San Antonio, Texas, United States, 78229
        • Recruiting
        • University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Shafqat Shah
    • Utah
      • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84113
        • Recruiting
        • Primary Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 801-585-5270
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Priya Chan
    • Virginia
      • Charlottesville, Virginia, United States, 22908
      • Norfolk, Virginia, United States, 23507
        • Recruiting
        • Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Melissa S. Mark
    • Washington
      • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98105
        • Recruiting
        • Seattle Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
          • Site Public Contact
          • Phone Number: 866-987-2000
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Sarah E. Leary
      • Spokane, Washington, United States, 99204
        • Recruiting
        • Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center and Children's Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Judy L. Felgenhauer
    • Wisconsin
      • Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53792
        • Recruiting
        • University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center - University Hospital
        • Contact:
        • Principal Investigator:
          • Nicholas J. Pytel

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients must be ≥ 3 years and < 30 years at the time of study enrollment
  • Patients must be newly-diagnosed primary localized germinoma of the suprasellar and/or pineal region by pathology and/or serum and/or CSF hCGbeta 5-50 mIU/mL AND institutional normal AFP (or ≤ 10 ng/mL if no institutional normal exists), including tumors with contiguous ventricular or unifocal parenchymal extension. No histologic confirmation required
  • Patients with EITHER (A) bifocal (pineal + suprasellar) involvement OR (B) pineal lesion with diabetes insipidus (DI) AND hCGbeta ≤ 100 mIU/mL in serum and/or CSF AND institutional normal AFP (or ≤ 10 ng/mL if no institutional normal exists) in both serum and CSF. No histologic confirmation required
  • Patients with hCGbeta 51-100 mIU/mL in serum and/or CSF and institutional normal AFP (or ≤ 10 ng/mL if no institutional normal exists) in both serum and CSF. Histologic confirmation of germinoma IS required
  • Patients with germinoma of the basal ganglia and or/thalamic primary sites are eligible
  • Patients with metastatic germinoma including non-contiguous disease or distant disease in the brain, ventricles, or spine are eligible
  • Patients with germinoma admixed with mature teratoma are eligible
  • Patients must have a performance status corresponding to Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) scores of 0, 1 or 2. Use Karnofsky for patients > 16 years of age and Lansky for patients ≤ 16 years of age
  • Patients must have eligibility confirmed by Rapid Central Imaging Review performed on APEC14B1-CNS
  • Imaging studies must be obtained within 31 days prior to study enrollment and start of protocol therapy. (Note: for patients that have had surgery and post-operative imaging performed, it is the post-operative MRI that must be obtained within 31 days prior to enrollment.)
  • Patients must have a cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with and without gadolinium at diagnosis/prior to enrollment. If surgical resection is performed, patients must have pre-operative and post-operative brain MRI with and without gadolinium. The post-operative brain MRI should be obtained within 72 hours of surgery. If patient has a biopsy only, post-operative brain MRI is recommended but not required
  • Patients must have a spine MRI with gadolinium obtained at diagnosis/prior to enrollment
  • Patients must be enrolled, and protocol therapy must begin, no later than 31 days after definitive surgery or clinical diagnosis, whichever is later
  • Patients must have eligibility confirmed by Rapid Central Tumor Marker Review performed on APEC14B1-CNS
  • Lumbar CSF must be obtained prior to study enrollment unless medically contraindicated. If a patient undergoes surgery and lumbar CSF cytology cannot be obtained at the time of surgery, then it should be performed at least 10 days following surgery and prior to study enrollment. False positive cytology can occur within 10 days of surgery. Of note, lumbar CSF should not be performed prior to obtaining spine MRI, as this can make interpretation of the spine MRI less clear
  • Patients must have CSF tumor markers obtained prior to study enrollment unless medically contraindicated. Ventricular CSF obtained at the time of CSF diversion procedure (if performed) is acceptable for tumor markers but lumbar CSF is preferred. In case CSF diversion and biopsy/surgery are combined, CSF tumor markers should be collected first. Ideally serum and CSF tumor markers should be collected at the same time and processed without delay
  • For patients with solid tumors: Peripheral absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1000/uL (Must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated)
  • For patients with solid tumors: Platelet count >= 100,000/uL (transfusion independent) (Must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated)
  • For patients with solid tumors: Hemoglobin >= 8.0 g/dL (may receive red blood cell [RBC] transfusions) (Must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated)

  • For pediatric patients (age 3-17 years): A serum creatinine based on age/sex as follows (Must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated):

    • Age: 3 to < 6 years; maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL): 0.8 (male); 0.8 (female)
    • Age: 6 to < 10 years; maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL): 1 (male); 1 (female)
    • Age: 10 to < 13 years; maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL): 1.2 (male); 1.2 (female)
    • Age: 13 to < 16 years; maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL): 1.5 (male); 1.4 (female)
    • Age: ≥ 17 years; maximum serum creatinine (mg/dL): 1.7 (male); 1.4 (female) OR a 24-hour urine creatinine clearance ≥ 70 mL/min/1.73 m^2 OR a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 50 mL/min/1.73 m^2. GFR must be performed using direct measurement with a nuclear blood sampling method OR direct small molecule clearance method (iothalamate or other molecule per institutional standard).
    • Note: Estimated GFR (eGFR) from serum or plasma creatinine, cystatin C or other estimates are not acceptable for determining eligibility.

    • For adult patients (age 18 years or older) (Must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated):

      • Creatinine clearance ≥ 70 mL/min, as estimated by the Cockcroft and Gault formula or a 24-hour urine collection. The creatinine value used in the calculation must have been obtained within 28 days prior to registration. Estimated creatinine clearance is based on actual body weight
  • Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age (Must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated)

  • Serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) (alanine transaminase [ALT]) ≤ 135 U/L (Must be performed within 7 days prior to enrollment unless otherwise indicated)

    • Note: For the purpose of this study, the ULN for SGPT (ALT) has been set to the value of 45 U/L
  • No evidence of dyspnea at rest, no exercise intolerance, and a pulse oximetry > 94% if there is clinical indication for determination
  • Patients with seizure disorder may be enrolled if on anticonvulsants and well controlled
  • CNS toxicity =< grade 2
  • Patients must not be in status epilepticus, coma or assisted ventilation prior to study enrollment
  • HIV-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load are eligible for this study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients with any of the following malignant pathological elements are not eligible:

    • Endodermal sinus (yolk sac)
    • Embryonal carcinoma, choriocarcinoma
    • Malignant/immature teratoma and mixed germ cell tumor (GCT) (i.e., may include some germinoma)
  • Patients with only mature teratoma upon tumor sampling at diagnosis and negative tumor markers are not eligible
  • Patients who have received any prior tumor-directed therapy for their diagnosis of germinoma other than surgical intervention and corticosteroids are not eligible

  • Female patients who are pregnant since fetal toxicities and teratogenic effects have been noted for several of the study drugs. A pregnancy test is required for female patients of childbearing potential.

    • Note: Serum and urine pregnancy tests may be falsely positive due to HCGbeta-secreting germ cell tumors. Ensure the patient is not pregnant by institutional standards
  • Lactating females who plan to breastfeed their infants
  • Sexually active patients of reproductive potential who have not agreed to use an effective contraceptive method for the duration of their study participation
  • All patients and/or their parents or legal guardians must sign a written informed consent
  • All institutional, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and National Cancer Institute (NCI) requirements for human studies must be met

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Stratum I (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT, surgery)
See Detailed Description.
Drug: Carboplatin
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Blastocarb
  • Carboplat
  • Carboplatin Hexal
  • Carboplatino
  • Carboplatinum
  • Carbosin
  • Carbosol
  • Carbotec
  • CBDCA
  • Displata
  • Ercar
  • JM-8
  • Nealorin
  • Novoplatinum
  • Paraplatin
  • Paraplatin AQ
  • Paraplatine
  • Platinwas
  • Ribocarbo
  • JM8
Drug: Etoposide
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside
  • EPEG
  • Lastet
  • Toposar
  • Vepesid
  • VP 16
  • VP 16-213
  • VP-16
  • VP-16-213
  • VP16
  • VP 16213
  • VP-16213
  • VP16213
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Undergo IMRT
Other Names:
  • IMRT
  • Intensity Modulated RT
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure)
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CRT
Other Names:
  • 3-dimensional radiation therapy
  • 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY
  • 3D CRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • Conformal Therapy
  • Radiation Conformal Therapy
  • 3D Conformal
  • Radiation, 3D Conformal
  • 3D radiotherapy
  • Three dimensional external beam radiation therapy (procedure)
Procedure: Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy
Undergo IMPT
Other Names:
  • IMPT
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Undergo LP
Other Names:
  • LP
  • Spinal Tap
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Procedure: Surgical Procedure
Undergo second-look surgery
Other Names:
  • Operation
  • Surgery
  • Surgery Type
  • Surgical
  • Surgical Intervention
  • Surgical Interventions
  • Surgical Procedures
  • Type of Surgery
  • Surgery, NOS
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Proton Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Other Names:
  • 3D-CPRT
Experimental: Stratum II (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
Patients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with localized germinoma achieving PR with normalization of markers who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Drug: Carboplatin
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Blastocarb
  • Carboplat
  • Carboplatin Hexal
  • Carboplatino
  • Carboplatinum
  • Carbosin
  • Carbosol
  • Carbotec
  • CBDCA
  • Displata
  • Ercar
  • JM-8
  • Nealorin
  • Novoplatinum
  • Paraplatin
  • Paraplatin AQ
  • Paraplatine
  • Platinwas
  • Ribocarbo
  • JM8
Drug: Etoposide
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside
  • EPEG
  • Lastet
  • Toposar
  • Vepesid
  • VP 16
  • VP 16-213
  • VP-16
  • VP-16-213
  • VP16
  • VP 16213
  • VP-16213
  • VP16213
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Undergo IMRT
Other Names:
  • IMRT
  • Intensity Modulated RT
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure)
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CRT
Other Names:
  • 3-dimensional radiation therapy
  • 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY
  • 3D CRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • Conformal Therapy
  • Radiation Conformal Therapy
  • 3D Conformal
  • Radiation, 3D Conformal
  • 3D radiotherapy
  • Three dimensional external beam radiation therapy (procedure)
Procedure: Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy
Undergo IMPT
Other Names:
  • IMPT
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Undergo LP
Other Names:
  • LP
  • Spinal Tap
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Proton Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Other Names:
  • 3D-CPRT
Experimental: Stratum III (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
Patients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with localized germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR or PR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Drug: Carboplatin
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Blastocarb
  • Carboplat
  • Carboplatin Hexal
  • Carboplatino
  • Carboplatinum
  • Carbosin
  • Carbosol
  • Carbotec
  • CBDCA
  • Displata
  • Ercar
  • JM-8
  • Nealorin
  • Novoplatinum
  • Paraplatin
  • Paraplatin AQ
  • Paraplatine
  • Platinwas
  • Ribocarbo
  • JM8
Drug: Etoposide
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside
  • EPEG
  • Lastet
  • Toposar
  • Vepesid
  • VP 16
  • VP 16-213
  • VP-16
  • VP-16-213
  • VP16
  • VP 16213
  • VP-16213
  • VP16213
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Undergo IMRT
Other Names:
  • IMRT
  • Intensity Modulated RT
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure)
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CRT
Other Names:
  • 3-dimensional radiation therapy
  • 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY
  • 3D CRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • Conformal Therapy
  • Radiation Conformal Therapy
  • 3D Conformal
  • Radiation, 3D Conformal
  • 3D radiotherapy
  • Three dimensional external beam radiation therapy (procedure)
Procedure: Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy
Undergo IMPT
Other Names:
  • IMPT
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Undergo LP
Other Names:
  • LP
  • Spinal Tap
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Proton Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Other Names:
  • 3D-CPRT
Experimental: Stratum IV (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT, surgery)
Patients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with metastatic germinoma achieving CR undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients with metastatic germinoma and normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Drug: Carboplatin
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Blastocarb
  • Carboplat
  • Carboplatin Hexal
  • Carboplatino
  • Carboplatinum
  • Carbosin
  • Carbosol
  • Carbotec
  • CBDCA
  • Displata
  • Ercar
  • JM-8
  • Nealorin
  • Novoplatinum
  • Paraplatin
  • Paraplatin AQ
  • Paraplatine
  • Platinwas
  • Ribocarbo
  • JM8
Drug: Etoposide
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside
  • EPEG
  • Lastet
  • Toposar
  • Vepesid
  • VP 16
  • VP 16-213
  • VP-16
  • VP-16-213
  • VP16
  • VP 16213
  • VP-16213
  • VP16213
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Undergo IMRT
Other Names:
  • IMRT
  • Intensity Modulated RT
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure)
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CRT
Other Names:
  • 3-dimensional radiation therapy
  • 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY
  • 3D CRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • Conformal Therapy
  • Radiation Conformal Therapy
  • 3D Conformal
  • Radiation, 3D Conformal
  • 3D radiotherapy
  • Three dimensional external beam radiation therapy (procedure)
Procedure: Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy
Undergo IMPT
Other Names:
  • IMPT
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Undergo LP
Other Names:
  • LP
  • Spinal Tap
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Procedure: Surgical Procedure
Undergo second-look surgery
Other Names:
  • Operation
  • Surgery
  • Surgery Type
  • Surgical
  • Surgical Intervention
  • Surgical Interventions
  • Surgical Procedures
  • Type of Surgery
  • Surgery, NOS
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Proton Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Other Names:
  • 3D-CPRT
Experimental: Stratum V (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
Patients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with metastatic germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Drug: Carboplatin
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Blastocarb
  • Carboplat
  • Carboplatin Hexal
  • Carboplatino
  • Carboplatinum
  • Carbosin
  • Carbosol
  • Carbotec
  • CBDCA
  • Displata
  • Ercar
  • JM-8
  • Nealorin
  • Novoplatinum
  • Paraplatin
  • Paraplatin AQ
  • Paraplatine
  • Platinwas
  • Ribocarbo
  • JM8
Drug: Etoposide
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside
  • EPEG
  • Lastet
  • Toposar
  • Vepesid
  • VP 16
  • VP 16-213
  • VP-16
  • VP-16-213
  • VP16
  • VP 16213
  • VP-16213
  • VP16213
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Undergo IMRT
Other Names:
  • IMRT
  • Intensity Modulated RT
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure)
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CRT
Other Names:
  • 3-dimensional radiation therapy
  • 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY
  • 3D CRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • Conformal Therapy
  • Radiation Conformal Therapy
  • 3D Conformal
  • Radiation, 3D Conformal
  • 3D radiotherapy
  • Three dimensional external beam radiation therapy (procedure)
Procedure: Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy
Undergo IMPT
Other Names:
  • IMPT
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Undergo LP
Other Names:
  • LP
  • Spinal Tap
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Proton Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Other Names:
  • 3D-CPRT
Experimental: Stratum VI (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT, surgery)
Patients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma achieving CR undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma and normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR may undergo second-look surgery. Patients found to have mature teratoma or non-viable tumor undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 20 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Drug: Carboplatin
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Blastocarb
  • Carboplat
  • Carboplatin Hexal
  • Carboplatino
  • Carboplatinum
  • Carbosin
  • Carbosol
  • Carbotec
  • CBDCA
  • Displata
  • Ercar
  • JM-8
  • Nealorin
  • Novoplatinum
  • Paraplatin
  • Paraplatin AQ
  • Paraplatine
  • Platinwas
  • Ribocarbo
  • JM8
Drug: Etoposide
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside
  • EPEG
  • Lastet
  • Toposar
  • Vepesid
  • VP 16
  • VP 16-213
  • VP-16
  • VP-16-213
  • VP16
  • VP 16213
  • VP-16213
  • VP16213
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Undergo IMRT
Other Names:
  • IMRT
  • Intensity Modulated RT
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure)
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CRT
Other Names:
  • 3-dimensional radiation therapy
  • 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY
  • 3D CRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • Conformal Therapy
  • Radiation Conformal Therapy
  • 3D Conformal
  • Radiation, 3D Conformal
  • 3D radiotherapy
  • Three dimensional external beam radiation therapy (procedure)
Procedure: Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy
Undergo IMPT
Other Names:
  • IMPT
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Undergo LP
Other Names:
  • LP
  • Spinal Tap
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Procedure: Surgical Procedure
Undergo second-look surgery
Other Names:
  • Operation
  • Surgery
  • Surgery Type
  • Surgical
  • Surgical Intervention
  • Surgical Interventions
  • Surgical Procedures
  • Type of Surgery
  • Surgery, NOS
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Proton Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Other Names:
  • 3D-CPRT
Experimental: Stratum VII (carboplatin, etoposide, 3D-CRT, IMRT)
Patients receive carboplatin IV over 15-60 minutes on day 1 and etoposide IV over 90-120 minutes on days 1-3 of each cycle. Treatment repeats every 21 days for up to 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with basal ganglia and thalamic germinoma with normalization of markers who fail to achieve CR who do not undergo second-look surgery undergo 3D-CRT/3D-CPRT or IMRT/IMPT QD 5 days a week for 24 days. Patients undergo MRI and optional blood and tissue sample collection throughout the study. Patients may undergo LP for CSF sample collection during screening and follow up.
Drug: Carboplatin
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Blastocarb
  • Carboplat
  • Carboplatin Hexal
  • Carboplatino
  • Carboplatinum
  • Carbosin
  • Carbosol
  • Carbotec
  • CBDCA
  • Displata
  • Ercar
  • JM-8
  • Nealorin
  • Novoplatinum
  • Paraplatin
  • Paraplatin AQ
  • Paraplatine
  • Platinwas
  • Ribocarbo
  • JM8
Drug: Etoposide
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Demethyl Epipodophyllotoxin Ethylidine Glucoside
  • EPEG
  • Lastet
  • Toposar
  • Vepesid
  • VP 16
  • VP 16-213
  • VP-16
  • VP-16-213
  • VP16
  • VP 16213
  • VP-16213
  • VP16213
Other: Questionnaire Administration
Ancillary studies
Procedure: Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Undergo MRI
Other Names:
  • MRI
  • Magnetic Resonance
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging Scan
  • Medical Imaging, Magnetic Resonance / Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
  • MR
  • MR Imaging
  • MRI Scan
  • NMR Imaging
  • NMRI
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
  • sMRI
  • Magnetic resonance imaging (procedure)
  • MRIs
  • Structural MRI
Radiation: Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy
Undergo IMRT
Other Names:
  • IMRT
  • Intensity Modulated RT
  • Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Radiation, Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy
  • Intensity modulated radiation therapy (procedure)
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CRT
Other Names:
  • 3-dimensional radiation therapy
  • 3D CONFORMAL RADIATION THERAPY
  • 3D CRT
  • 3D-CRT
  • Conformal Therapy
  • Radiation Conformal Therapy
  • 3D Conformal
  • Radiation, 3D Conformal
  • 3D radiotherapy
  • Three dimensional external beam radiation therapy (procedure)
Procedure: Intensity-Modulated Proton Therapy
Undergo IMPT
Other Names:
  • IMPT
Procedure: Lumbar Puncture
Undergo LP
Other Names:
  • LP
  • Spinal Tap
Procedure: Biospecimen Collection
Undergo blood and CSF sample collection
Other Names:
  • Biological Sample Collection
  • Biospecimen Collected
  • Specimen Collection
Radiation: 3-Dimensional Conformal Proton Radiation Therapy
Undergo 3D-CPRT
Other Names:
  • 3D-CPRT

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Event-free survival (EFS) (Stratum I)
Time Frame: Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Will be estimated for eligible and evaluable patients assigned to Stratum 1 using Kaplan-Meier (KM) EFS estimates at 2 and 3 years with respective 80% two-sided confidence intervals. Time from initiation of radiation to the first occurrence of any of the following events: biochemical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause.
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
EFS (Stratum III)
Time Frame: Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Will be estimated for eligible and evaluable patients assigned to Stratum 3 using KM methods at 2 and 3 years with respective 80% two-sided confidence intervals. Time from initiation of radiation to the first occurrence of any of the following events: biochemical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause.
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Radiographic response rate
Time Frame: Following the completion of Induction therapy, approximately 12 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation
Will report the response rates using the respective sample proportions and exact binomial two-sided 95% confidence intervals.
Following the completion of Induction therapy, approximately 12 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation
Marker tumor response rate
Time Frame: Following the completion of Induction therapy, approximately 12 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation
Will report the response rates using the respective sample proportions and exact binomial two-sided 95% confidence intervals.
Following the completion of Induction therapy, approximately 12 weeks post-chemotherapy initiation
Overall survival (OS)
Time Frame: Time from initiation of radiation therapy until death by any cause, up to 10 years post-enrollment
Will use KM methods to estimate stratum-specific OS.
Time from initiation of radiation therapy until death by any cause, up to 10 years post-enrollment
EFS (Stratum II)
Time Frame: Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Will be estimated for eligible and evaluable patients assigned to Stratum 2 using KM methods at 2 and 3 years with respective 80% two-sided confidence intervals. Time from initiation of radiation to the first occurrence of any of the following events: biochemical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause.
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Neuroendocrine dysfunction (including growth hormone deficiency)
Time Frame: Time from initiation of radiation treatment until date of diagnosis of neuroendocrine dysfunction event, up to 10 years post-enrollment
Will be summarized by the Kalbfleisch-Prentice cumulative incidence function approach, separately by stratum and by neuroendocrine dysfunction event. Competing risks will include disease progression and death, and patients without events or competing risks will be censored at the time of their last follow-up.
Time from initiation of radiation treatment until date of diagnosis of neuroendocrine dysfunction event, up to 10 years post-enrollment
Processing speed
Time Frame: At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Will be assessed by processing speed index tasks for the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence - Fourth Edition, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fifth Edition (WISC-V) or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) depending on age. The mean processing speed at 30-months post-diagnosis in ACNS2321 Stratum 1 patients will be compared to the respective mean in ACNS1123 Stratum 2 patients who had a complete response/continued complete response and received 18 grey (Gy) whole ventricle irradiation + 12 Gy boost to primary site.
At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
EFS (Stratum IV and Stratum V)
Time Frame: Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Will be estimated separately for eligible and evaluable patients assigned to Stratum 4 and 5 using KM methods at 2 and 3 years with respective 80% two-sided confidence intervals. Time from initiation of radiation to the first occurrence of any of the following events: biochemical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause.
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
EFS (Stratum VI and Stratum VII)
Time Frame: Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Will be estimated separately for eligible and evaluable patients assigned to Stratum 6 and 7 using KM methods at 2 and 3 years with respective 80% two-sided confidence intervals. Time from initiation of radiation to the first occurrence of any of the following events: biochemical or radiographic disease progression, disease recurrence, second malignant neoplasm, or death from any cause.
Evaluated at 2- and 3-years post-radiation initiation
Incidence of cerebral vascular events (stroke or transient ischemic attacks)
Time Frame: Up to 10 years post-enrollment
Will be reported as the number of cerebral vascular events.
Up to 10 years post-enrollment
Working memory
Time Frame: At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Will be assessed by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fifth Edition (WISC-V) or Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Fourth Edition (WAIS-IV) Digit Span subtest depending on age. Mean scores over time will be computed for each stratum.
At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Verbal learning
Time Frame: At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Will be assessed by California Verbal Learning Test - Children's Version for 5 years through 17 years or California Verbal Learning Test - Third for ages 17 and up depending on age. Mean scores over time will be computed for each stratum.
At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Patient-reported outcome measures of executive function
Time Frame: At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Will be assessed by the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF-2 and BRIEF-A) depending on patient's age. Mean scores over time will be computed for each stratum.
At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Health-reported quality of life
Time Frame: At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis
Will be assessed by the PedsQL 4.0 Generic Module. Mean scores over time will be computed for each stratum.
At 9 months (+/- 3 months), 30 months (+/- 3 months), and 60 months (+/- 3 months) after diagnosis

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Children's Oncology Group

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Mohamed S Abdelbaki, Children's Oncology Group

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

October 22, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

November 4, 2033

Study Completion (Estimated)

November 4, 2033

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 8, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 11, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

April 16, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 4, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 28, 2026

Last Verified

April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • ACNS2321 (Other Identifier: CTEP)
  • U10CA180886 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
  • NCI-2024-03518 (Registry Identifier: CTRP (Clinical Trial Reporting Program))

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

Yes

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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