Inflammatory Biomarkers in Saliva at Depression

Salivary Biomarkers of Gingival Inflammation Are Associated With Depression

The goal of this observational study is to evaluate the inflammatory saliva biomarkers in depression and gingivitis.

The main question will be ; Will there be an increase at salivary biomarkers with depression patients and is it associated with gingivitis?

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Depression; Inflammation; Gingivitis; Inflammatory Response
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Periodontal clinical measurements, Saliva sampling

Detailed Description

Background: The neuroimmune regulation disorder in depression patients causes the progression of inflammatory periodontal disease. The present study was to evaluate the periodontal health status and the levels of Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (TREM-1), peptidoglycan recognition protein 1 (PGLYRP1) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) in individuals diagnosed with depression and to compare these findings with those of systemically healthy individuals.

Methods: Forty-two depression patients were classified in two groups: depression with gingivitis (DG) and depression with periodontally healthy (DPH) patients. Additionally, 23 systemically and periodontally healthy (SPH) individuals were enrolled to the study. Periodontal parameters were recorded. Saliva samples were collected and salivary levels of TREM-1, PGLYRP1, IL-1β were measured using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kits.

depression regardless of periodontal status.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 65

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Select State
    • Istanbul, Select State, Turkey, 34365
      • Duygu Ilhan

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

This study was carried out on 65 participants in total, including 42 individuals who applied to Aydın State Hospital Psychiatry Outpatient Clinic, diagnosed with depressive disorder, were classified in 2 different groups; depression with gingivitis (DG), depression with periodontally healthy (DPH) patients and 23 systemically and periodontally healthy (SPH) individuals who applied to Adnan Menderes University Faculty of Dentistry.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients who were moderate in severity according to the test result, who had not started drug therapy yet and who had not received antidepressant medication in the last 12 months

Exclusion Criteria: Patients with

• psychotic disorders
• autism spectrum disorders
• other anxiety disorders
• bipolar disorder
• mental any organic mental disorder and
• smokers, substance users

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

3

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
depression with gingivitis (DG) group; The diagnosis of depressive disorder was established using the Structured Clinical Interviews for Axis I Disorders (SCID) criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. the gingivitis group was determined by the criteria of pocket depth of 3 mm or less.	Other: Periodontal clinical measurements, Saliva sampling; Clinical periodontal indices; Probing depth, Clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, gingival index, and plaque
depression with periodontally healthy (DPH) patients; The diagnosis of depressive disorder was established using the Structured Clinical Interviews for Axis I Disorders (SCID) criteria of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.	Other: Periodontal clinical measurements, Saliva sampling; Clinical periodontal indices; Probing depth, Clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, gingival index, and plaque
systemically and periodontally healthy (SPH) individuals; This group contists of individuals who are systemically and periodontally healthy	Other: Periodontal clinical measurements, Saliva sampling; Clinical periodontal indices; Probing depth, Clinical attachment level, bleeding on probing, gingival index, and plaque

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
SalivaryTREM-1	Both, soluble and membrane-bound TREM-1, are detected by the TREM-1 ELISA.	06-09 2019
Salivary PGLYRP1	Both, soluble and membrane-bound PGLYRP1 are detected by the PGLYRP1 ELISA.	06-09 2019
Salivary IL-1β	Both, soluble and membrane-bound IL-1β detected by the IL-1β ELISA.	06-09 2019

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Medipol University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 10, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 14, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): September 16, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 16, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 22, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): May 24, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 24, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 22, 2024
• Last Verified: May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Behavioral Symptoms; Mental Disorders; Pathologic Processes; Infections; Mood Disorders; Stomatognathic Diseases; Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Gingival Diseases; Depression; Depressive Disorder; Inflammation; Gingivitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: Depression (Other Identifier: PILL)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No