Effects of Power Ball on Proximal Muscle and Refractive Errors in Developmental Delay.

Effects of Power Ball on Proximal Muscle Control and Refractive Error in Children With Developmental Delay

When a child does not meet developmental milestones at the anticipated times, it is referred to as having a developmental delay. These benchmarks cover social, emotional, cognitive, physical, and communication abilities. Developmental delays can result from a number of factors, including genetic circumstances, early delivery, specific medical issues, or external variables. Although they mainly impair vision, refractive errors are unrelated to developmental delays. Because vision facilitates interaction with the environment, it is vital to a child's development. Early detection of uncorrected refractive defects and related vision loss in children can pose a challenge. To ascertain whether an increase is suitable and successful, a thorough evaluation of the child's readiness and the application of pertinent measurement techniques may be necessary. An analysis looks into Randomized Controlled Trial will be the type of study design used. There will be two groups of conveniently randomized sample size of thirty-two. The data analysis will be done using SPSS version 22.0. To verify normality, the Shapiro-Wilk test will be employed. The study will be carried out in the department of physical therapy of the rising sun and the Lahore rehab facility. The study will be finished six months from the time the synopsis is approved. A sample size of thirty-two was determined using the OPENEPI tool. The VQOL/item Tool and pediatric manual muscle testing will be used. For four weeks, the control group will receive standard physical therapy care. Group B: Experimental Group: For five weeks, a traditional physical therapy regimen and Powerball exercises will be administered.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Developmental Delay
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: conventional therapy; Other: conventional therapy along with standard therapy and stability exercises.

Detailed Description

Group A: conventional physiotherapy will be administered to this group. Manual resistance exercises for neck strengthening are part of conventional physical therapy. Cervical flexion, extension, side flexion, side flexion with rotation, and pure rotation with mild resistance are the exercises used to strengthen the neck. There will be three 30-minute sessions. Strengthening will take place over the course of 15 mints.

Group B: In addition to standard care, this group will engage in power ball exercises for neck stability and strengthening. Gradually, the resistance will rise.

Three mints in each position for a total of fifteen mints of ball exercises. At first, Powerball reduced the pain, progressively strengthened them, and with continued development, allowed them to move in a pain-free range.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 32
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Punjab
    • Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, 540000
      • Riphah International University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 7-12 years
• Both genders
• Children with refractive error
• Children with affected developmental delay

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any neurological condition (Epilepsy and seizures)
• Any congenital defects
• Genetic disorder
• Surgery in last 6 months

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: conventional therapy; This group will receive conventional therapy.	Other: conventional therapy; This group will receive conventional physiotherapy, which will consist of manual resistance-based neck strengthening exercises. The exercises will last 30 minutes apiece and cover cervical flexion, extension, side flexion, side flexion with rotation, and pure rotation with moderate resistance. The power ball's effect on proximal muscle control and refractive error in children with developmental delays will also be discussed.
Experimental: conventional therapy with Standard therapy and stability exercises; This group will receive conventional therapy with standard therapy and stability exercises.	Other: conventional therapy along with standard therapy and stability exercises.; Group B: In addition to standard care, this group will engage in power ball exercises for neck stability and strengthening. Gradually, the resistance will rise. Three mints in each position for a total of fifteen mints of ball exercises. At first, Powerball progressively strengthened the muscle and reduced the pain , and with continued development, allowed them to move in a pain-free range.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
VQOL/ITEM Tool	The refractive errors and visual acuity of children who have developmental delays will be assessed using this tool. The ability of child to identify the size of the letters on a card held 20 feet (6 meters) away or on a standardized chart (Snellen chart). There will be specific charts used for testing at less than 20 feet (6 meters).	4 weeks
Pediatric functional muscle testing	PFMT will be a useful tool for measurement of muscle strength for children with developmental delay if it be some modifications.	4 weeks
snellen chart for refractive errors	The most popular method for assessing visual acuity in clinical settings is still the Snellen chart. A handy tool for rapidly evaluating both monocular and binocular visual acuity is the Snellen chart.	4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Riphah International University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Adeela Iqbal, MS*, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Schreiber J. Increased intensity of physical therapy for a child with gross motor developmental delay: a case report. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2004;24(4):63-78. doi: 10.1300/j006v24n04_05.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 20, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 15, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): August 29, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 11, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 11, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): June 17, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 29, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 28, 2024
• Last Verified: October 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Refractive error; Developmental delay; Power ball; Muscle control
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Eye Diseases; Refractive Errors
• Other Study ID Numbers: REC/RCR&AHS/23/0790

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No