Combined Effects of Isometric Wall Squats and High Intensity Interval Training on Rate Pressure Product in Normotensive and Pre-hypertensive Sedentary Adults

Hypertension is leading yet preventable risk factor for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality worldwide. Prehypertension identifies those at high risk of developing HTN, prompting intervention to prevent or delay the onset of the disease. High intensity interval training (HIIT) is a time efficient mode of training with established benefits, while Isometric wall squats (IWS) also provide a range of proven benefits and advantages, but their combined effect on BP measures is yet to be determined.Hence the objective of this study is to compare the effects of isometric wall squats along with high intensity interval training versus high intensity interval training alone on rate pressure product, SBP and DBP, heart rate and anthropometric measures in normotensive and pre-hypertensive sedentary adults

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Pre Hypertension
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT); Procedure: Isometric Wall Squat

Detailed Description

Pre-Hypertension is not a disease itself rather it categorizes those who are at the risk of developing hypertension in future. By targeting pre-hypertensive and normotensive individuals we are focusing on preventive measures, potentially reducing incidence of HTN and cardiovascular conditions in future. If found effective, this study can help in providing training protocols while also decreasing the risk of hypertension in future.A total of 15 sessions of high intensity interval training alone in one group and combination of high intensity interval and isometric wall squat in other group, for thrice a week on alternative days for 5 consecutive weeks will be given.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 44
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Punjab
    • Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan, 46000
      • Foundation University College of Physical Therapy

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Both male and female adults aged 18-45 years.
• Participants lying in Low PA (inactive) category on basis of IPAQ.
• Pre-hypertensive adults:
• SBP- 120 mmHg or more and <140 mmHg
• DBP of 80 mmHg or more and < 90 mmHg.
• Normotensive adults: SBP < 120 mmHg and DBP < 80 mmHg. Exclusion Criteria
• Diagnosed with any current infections.
• Subjects with any diagnosed cardiovascular or respiratory conditions.
• Subjects with diagnosed musculoskeletal or neurological conditions which hinder participation in physical activity program.
• Active Smokers
• Those with any contraindication to exercise testing or training.
• Pregnant females

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: High Intensity Interval Training; Participants will begin with warm-up exercises for 5-7 mins before the session. Then they will begin high intensity interval training on treadmill with moderate intensity (40-60%HRR) in week 1 to achieve the baseline fitness level and from week 2 to 5 they will progress to high intensity with setting the lower target HR 40-60%HRR and upper target HR 80-85%HRR with 1:4 work to rest ratio followed by 5-7 min of cool-down period.A total of 15 sessions for thrice a week on alternative days for 5 consecutive weeks will be given	Procedure: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT); High intensity interval training on treadmill with moderate intensity (40-60%HRR) in week 1 to achieve the baseline fitness level and from week 2 to 5 they will progress to high intensity with setting the lower target HR 40-60%HRR and upper target HR 80-85%HRR with 1:4 work to rest ratio followed by 5-7 min of cool-down period..A total of 15 sessions of high intensity interval training alone , for thrice a week on alternative days for 5 consecutive weeks will be given. Warm-up session consisting of stretching exercises prior to intervention and cool down session after intervention will also be done and vitals before and after the session will be taken.
Experimental: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) and Isometric Wall Squat; High intensity interval training on treadmill with moderate intensity (40-60%HRR) in week 1 to achieve the baseline fitness level and from week 2 to 5 they will progress to high intensity with setting the lower target HR 40-60%HRR and upper target HR 80-85%HRR with 1:4 work to rest ratio. For isometric wall squat, each training session will be composed of 4 × 2-min bouts of IWS followed by 2-min rest periods At the end of each bout, participants will be given an RPE score. This score will then be compared to a target RPE value and zone for each bout, There will be total 15 sessions thrice a week for 5 weeks.	Procedure: High Intensity Interval Training (HIIT); High intensity interval training on treadmill with moderate intensity (40-60%HRR) in week 1 to achieve the baseline fitness level and from week 2 to 5 they will progress to high intensity with setting the lower target HR 40-60%HRR and upper target HR 80-85%HRR with 1:4 work to rest ratio followed by 5-7 min of cool-down period..A total of 15 sessions of high intensity interval training alone , for thrice a week on alternative days for 5 consecutive weeks will be given. Warm-up session consisting of stretching exercises prior to intervention and cool down session after intervention will also be done and vitals before and after the session will be taken.; Procedure: Isometric Wall Squat; For isometric wall squat, each training session will be composed of 4 × 2-min bouts of IWS followed by 2-min rest periods. In first week, participants will do squat training or there will be a protocol for selecting exercise intensity in which participants will be given 30-s to perform a wall squat to select a position that they predict would elicit an target RPE score by varying the squat height. Based on the final squat height and RPE score, after bout 4, participants will be given a starting squat height for training session 1 and will then be progressed in each week

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Rate Pressure Product	Measured by multiplying Heart Rate and Systolic Blood Pressure	5 weeks
Blood Pressure(SBP and DBP)	Evaluation will be done using sphygmomanometer	5 weeks
Heart rate	Heart Rate will be measured using pulse oximeter.	5 weeks
Anthropometric Measures Waist circumference	Measuring Tape will be used to measure Waist circumference	5 weeks
Anthropometric Measures hip circumference	Measuring Tape will be used to measure hip circumference	5 weeks
Anthropometric Measures Waist to hip ratio	Ratio of waist circumference and hip circumference	5 weeks
BMI	Body mass index ratio of weight and height	5 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Foundation University Islamabad

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): June 10, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 10, 2024
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 15, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 20, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 20, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): September 24, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 24, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 20, 2024
• Last Verified: September 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Prehypertension
• Other Study ID Numbers: FUI/CTR/2024/34

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No