The Effect of Music Listening on Nursing Students

The Effect of Sedative and Stimulative Music Listening on State-Anxiety, Heart Rate, and Galvanic Skin Response in Nursing Students

The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of sedative and stimulative music listening on physiological responses among nursing students.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Stress; Physiological Stress
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Sedative Music; Behavioral: Stimulative Music

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 34
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Florida
    • Coral Gables, Florida, United States, 33146
      • University of Miami
    • Coral Gables, Florida, United States, 33146
      • University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies
    • Coral Gables, Florida, United States, 33146
      • Weeks Music Library and Technology Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion criteria:

• a senior, junior, or second-semester sophomore in the traditional undergraduate Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) program
• a student in the accelerated BSN program

Exclusion criteria:

•self-reported hearing impairments.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Sedative music followed by stimulative music group; The participants in this group will receive sedative music followed by stimulative music for up to 25 minutes each. Session two will occur two days after session one.	Behavioral: Sedative Music; The participants will come twice in person and listen to 9 minutes of sedative music.; Behavioral: Stimulative Music; The participants will come twice in person and listen to 9 minutes of stimulative music.
Experimental: Stimulative music followed by sedative music group; The participants in this group will receive stimulative music followed by sedative music for up to 25 minutes each. Session two will occur two days after session one.	Behavioral: Sedative Music; The participants will come twice in person and listen to 9 minutes of sedative music.; Behavioral: Stimulative Music; The participants will come twice in person and listen to 9 minutes of stimulative music.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Heart Rate	Heart rate will be measured using the Polar Verity Sense Optical Heart Rate Sensor in beats per minute (bpm)	baseline, up to 12 minutes
Change in Skin Conductance	Skin conductance will be measured using the NeuLog Galvanic Skin Response (GSR) in micro Siemens (µS).	baseline, up to 12 minutes
Change in Anxiety Level	The Six Item State-Trait Anxiety Inventory includes six statements that are rated on a 4-point Likert scale (1=Not at all, 2=Somewhat, 3=Moderately so, 4=Very much). The scale will measure current feelings of anxiety.	baseline, up to 12 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The Degree of Stress Experienced by A Nursing Student measured by the Perceived Stress Scale for Nursing Students (PSS) Likert Scale	The PSS consists of 29 items that are rated on a 5-point Likert scale (1=Never, 2=Seldom, 3=Sometimes, 4=Often, 5=Always). The PSS measures the degree of stress experienced by a nursing student based on stressful factors relevant to the demanding nursing curriculum.	up to 5 minutes
Liking Song Scale (4-point Likert Scale)	Each music playlist will consist of three songs. The participant will rate how much the participant liked each of the three songs on a 4-point Likert scale (1=Not at all, 2=Somewhat, 3=Moderately so, 4=Very much).	up to 5 minutes
Familiarity Song Scale (Rating scale)	Each music playlist will consist of three songs. The participant will indicate how familiar the participant is with each of the three songs on a rating scale (0=No, 1= I'm not sure, 2=Yes). The results of each song will be added to represent a quasi-continuous variable for how familiar the participant was with the music playlist as a whole.	up to 5 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Miami
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Teresa Lesiuk, PhD, University of Miami

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 21, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 5, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): February 5, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 16, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 16, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): October 17, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 18, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 15, 2025
• Last Verified: October 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Heart rate; Music; Skin conductance
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Physiological Effects of Drugs; Central Nervous System Depressants; Hypnotics and Sedatives
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20241018

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No