The Effect of Illness Management Skill Training Applied to Patients with Schizophrenia

The Effect of Illness Management Skill Training Applied to Patients with Schizophrenia on Engulfment, Quality of Life and Illness Management and Recovery Levels

This study was aimed to examine the effectiveness (illness management and recovery, engulfment, quality of life) of a 12-week the Illness Management Skills Training applied to patients with schizophrenia. The main questions it aims to answer are:

Hypothesis (H1-1): Illness Management Skills Training applied intervention group has lower engulfment than the control group.

Hypothesis (H1-2): Illness Management Skills Training applied intervention group has higher quality of life than the control group.

Hypothesis (H1-3): Illness Management Skills Training applied intervention group has higher illness management and recovery level than the control group.

Researchers were compared the Illness Management Skills Training to a control group (no intervention) to see if the Illness Management Skills Training works on engulfment, quality of life, illness management and recovery in patients with schizophrenia.

Participants were:

- attended the Illness Management Skills Training, one session per week for 12 weeks, 60 minutes per session, in addition to routine outpatient clinic check-ups.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Schizophenia Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Illness Management Skills Training

Detailed Description

The study examined 110 individuals aged 18-65 who were diagnosed with schizophrenia and applied to the S.U. Faculty of Medicine Mental Health and Diseases Polyclinic in the last year, according to the inclusion-exclusion criteria. A total of 50 individuals diagnosed schizophrenia were included in the study. These individuals were randomly assigned to two groups: intervention and control. Pre-test data were collected using the "Personal Information Form", "Modified Engulfment Scale", "SF 36 Quality of Life Scale" and "Illness Management and Recovery Scale-Patient Form" from the intervention and control groups by researchers between August 2024 and February 2025 in the Group Therapy Room of the Mental Health and Diseases Polyclinic, based on self-reporting. The "Illness Management Skills Training" was applied to the intervention group in 4 groups, one session per week, for a total of 12 weeks. At the end of the Illness Management Skills Training, both the intervention and control groups were administered the "Modified Engulfment Scale", "SF 36 Quality of Life Scale" and "Illness Management and Recovery Scale-Patient Form". No intervention was applied to the control group throughout the 12-week program; the patients continued with their routine outpatient clinic check-ups.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 50
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Konya, Turkey, 42230
    • Selcuk University Faculty of Medical Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Being between the ages of 18-65,
• Having been diagnosed with Schizophrenia for at least 6 months according to ICD-10,
• Being registered with the Selcuk University Faculty of Medical Hospital Mental Health and Diseases Polyclinic,
• Coming to the polyclinic for regular check-ups,
• Getting a mild/moderate score from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS),
• Taking medication regularly,
• Being at least literate.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Having an organic mental disorder or mental retardation,
• Having a visual or hearing impairment,
• Participating in a program similar to the intervention to be implemented.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Intervention; The intervention group was a group of 25 people consisting of patients with schizophrenia who followed the 12-week Illness Management Skills Training.	Behavioral: Illness Management Skills Training; In this study, in addition to routine outpatient clinic check-ups, 12 sessions of Illness Management Skills Training were applied to the intervention group of 25 patients, each in four separate groups of 6+6+6+7 patients (Group 1, Group 2, Group 3, Group 4), once a week, for 60 minutes each. The training consisted of 1) Introduction-Getting Acquainted, 2) Recovery Goals, 3) Understanding Schizophrenia-1, 4) Understanding Schizophrenia-2, 5) Stress Vulnerability Model and Coping with Stress-1, 6) Stress Vulnerability Model and Coping with Stress-2, 7) Learning About Medication, 8) Using Medication Effectively and Monitoring Treatment, 9) Coping with Persistent Symptoms, 10) Recognizing and Monitoring Warning Signs, 11) Warning Signs My Emergency Plan, and 12) Termination sessions.
No Intervention: Control; The control group consisted of 25 patients with schizophrenia who attended routine outpatient clinic check-ups for 12 weeks without any intervention.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Illness management and recovery total mean score	The Illness Management and Recovery Scale-Patient Form total score from the scale is 15-75. Increasing scores from the scale indicate that illness management and recovery also increase.	From enrollment to the end of training at 12 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Engulfment total mean score	The score range of the Modified Engulfment Scale is 25-125. Increasing scores from the scale indicate increased engulfment .	From enrollment to the end of training at 12 weeks
Physical function, social function, physical role difficulty, emotional role difficulty, mental health, energy/vitality, pain and general health Physical and Mental Component Summary Scale mean scores	The SF 36 Quality of Life scale evaluates quality of life through the sub-dimensions of physical function, social function, physical role difficulty, emotional role difficulty, mental health, energy/vitality, pain and general health. The scale has a physical and mental health summary scale. 0-100 points can be obtained from each sub-dimension. A score of "0" indicates poor health, while a score of 100 indicates good health, and as scores increase, the quality of life also increases.	From enrollment to the end of training at 12 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Neslihan Lok
• Collaborators: Selcuk University
• Investigators: Study Director: Neslihan Lok, Prof. Dr, Selcuk University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 15, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 31, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): February 17, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 13, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 13, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 18, 2025
• Last Verified: March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Schizophrenia; quality of life; recovery; illness management; psychiatric nursing; engulfment; Illness Management Skills Training
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Schizophrenia Spectrum and Other Psychotic Disorders; Mental Disorders; Schizophrenia
• Other Study ID Numbers: SelcukU-GUzun-002

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No