"Knee Joint Position Sense and Dynamic Balance in Females With Primary Dysmenorrhea

Assessment Of Knee Joint Position Sense And Dynamic Balance IN Female With Primary Dysmenorrhea

The purpose of the study is to assess knee joint position sense, pain and dynamic balance in female with primary dysmenorrhea.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Primary Dysmenorrhea
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: No intervention

Detailed Description

Dysmenorrhea is a common condition that typically occurs on its own rather than as a result of pelvic disease. It affects between 50% and 90% of adolescent girls and women of reproductive age and is a major reason for missed days from school or work.

Among the various menstrual disturbances observed, dysmenorrhea was notably prevalent among adolescents and significantly impacted their daily activities. Early diagnosis and awareness of menstrual issues are crucial, as they not only emphasize the need for health education initiatives but also assist in selecting suitable treatments, thereby reducing the adverse effects of these disturbances on adolescents' lives.

However, there is a significant gap in the literature about the effect of Primary dysmenorrhea on knee joint position sense, pain and dynamic balance in young adult female So this study aims to investigate this effect and provide evidence based information in the field of physical therapy.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 62

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: EMAN B ABDUL HAMID, B.Sc; Phone Number: 01158876852; Email: emanahmed2033e@gmail.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: ELHAM s HASSAN, PhD; Phone Number: 01206146539; Email: elhamramdan70@cu.edu.eg

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Giza, Egypt
    • Recruiting
    • Cairo University
    • Contact: EMAN B ABDUL HAMID, B.Sc; Phone Number: 01158876852; Email: emanahmed2033e@gmail.com

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Sixty-two healthy female university students will participate in this study. They will be selected randomly from faculty of physical therapy, Cairo University.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• They should be virgin, healthy female students
• They have regular menstruation (3-8 days in duration, with 21-35 days in-between).
• They should have the same activity level mild active female.
• Their ages will range from 18 to 25 years old.
• Their body mass index (BMI) will range from 18 to 24.9 Kg/m2.

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of knee injury, surgery in the knee or spinal vertebrae.
• Females having any vestibular problems, otitis media, labyrinthitis or any inner ear problems that affect balance
• Women with any cognitive deficits
• History of neuromuscular or spinal disease.
• History of pelvic pathology or any gynecological disease.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Asymptomatic Group; They have no or mild primary dysmenorrhea.	Other: No intervention; No intervention
Symptomatic Group; They have moderate and sever primary dysmenorrhea.	Other: No intervention; No intervention

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Overall Stability Index (OSI) . Antero-posterior stability index score (APSI) . Medio lateral stability index score (MLSI) . Over all stability index score (OASI)	The Overall Stability Index (OSI) is the primary measure of dynamic postural control obtained from the balance assessment system. It reflects the standard deviation of the participant's sway from the platform's center across both the medial-lateral and anterior-posterior directions. Higher OSI values indicate greater instability and poorer balance performance. As an integrated measure of sway variability, the OSI is considered the most comprehensive indicator of overall balance ability and is commonly used to evaluate changes in postural control in response to therapeutic interventions.	at first and fourth menstrual days
Medial-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI)	The Medial-Lateral Stability Index (MLSI) quantifies the degree of side-to-side sway during balance testing. It represents the standard deviation of medial-lateral movement from the platform's center point, providing a directional measure of postural stability. Elevated MLSI scores reflect increased lateral instability, which may be associated with impaired neuromuscular control or deficits in weight-shifting ability. This variable is useful for identifying balance impairments that predominantly affect frontal plane stability.	at first and fourth menstrual days
Anterior-Posterior Stability Index (APSI)	The Anterior-Posterior Stability Index (APSI) measures front-to-back sway during dynamic balance assessment. Calculated as the standard deviation of anterior-posterior deviations from the center of the platform, the APSI provides insight into sagittal plane stability. Higher APSI values indicate greater instability and reduced capacity to control forward and backward movements. This index is important for evaluating postural control related to gait, stepping, and activities requiring controlled anterior or posterior shifts in the center of gravity.	at first and fourth menstrual days
knee joint position sense	using active knee position sense test by universal goniometer.	at first and fourth menstrual days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
knee joint pain	It will be assessed using the Visual analog scale (VAS) for all females in both groups. They will score their level of pain from 1-10, with higher scores indicating more severe pain. It is valid and reliable in pain assessment	at first and fourth menstrual days

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
knee joint pain	using visual analouge scale	at first and fourth menstrual day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Cairo University
• Investigators: Study Chair: AFAF M BOTLA, PhD, Assistant Professor, Cairo university; Study Director: ELHAM s HASSAN, PhD, Lecturer, Cairo university

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 18, 2025
• Primary Completion (Estimated): January 20, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): January 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 16, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 16, 2025
• First Posted (Estimated): November 20, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 12, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 5, 2025
• Last Verified: December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Balance; Knee; Primary Dysmenorrhea; Position sense
• Other Study ID Numbers: P.T.REC/012/005972

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No