Fear of Childbirth, Birth Beliefs, Mode of Birth Preferences in Childbirth Preparation Classes

January 8, 2026 updated by: Sevil Cicek Ozdemir, Kutahya Health Sciences University

Fear of Childbirth, Birth Beliefs, Mode of Birth Preferences in Pregnants' Participating in Childbirth Preparation Classes: A Quasi-Experimental Study

Objective: The aim of this research study is to evaluate the fear of childbirth, birth beliefs, and mode of birth preferences in pregnant who participated in face-to-face and online childbirth preparation classes.

Method: This research is a quasi-experimental study. Pregnant will assign to two intervention groups, face-to-face, and online childbirth preparation classes. Data will collected twice, before (pre-test) and one-month after (post-test) the childbirth preparation training. The training will give face-to-face in the face-to-face classes group. The training will give online in the online classes group.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Teaching techniques such as presentation, question and answer, games, group discussion, and animation videos are used in the sessions. In addition, exercises such as massage, breathing, and relaxation exercises are practiced together.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

58

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
      • Kütahya, Turkey (Türkiye), 43020
        • Kütahya Health Sciences University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Women aged 18-45 years
  • Nulliparous,
  • First and singleton pregnancy,
  • Between 20-32 weeks of gestation,
  • Without any pregnancy-related risk factors,
  • Who had not participated in any other childbirth preparation training,
  • Had at least a primary education level, had no communication difficulties,
  • Had access to and were able to use an internet-connected device with a camera.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Multiparous pregnant who had multiple pregnancies,
  • Had any high-risk pregnancy symptoms,
  • Were below the 20th week and above the 32nd week.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Other: face-to-face childbirth preparation classes
The training was given face-to-face in the face-to-face classes group
Other: face-to-face childbirth preparation education
Women in the face-to-face education group received face-to-face childbirth preparation classes.
Other: online childbirth preparation classes
The training was given online in the online classes group.
Other: online childbirth preparation education
Women in the online group received online classes at the same time.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
fear of childbirth
Time Frame: before (pre-test) and one-month after (post-test) the childbirth preparation training
Level of childbirth fear
before (pre-test) and one-month after (post-test) the childbirth preparation training
birth beliefs
Time Frame: before (pre-test) and one-month after (post-test) the childbirth preparation training
Natural or medical birth beliefs
before (pre-test) and one-month after (post-test) the childbirth preparation training
mode of birth preferences
Time Frame: before (pre-test) and one-month after (post-test) the childbirth preparation training
Preferred mode of birth
before (pre-test) and one-month after (post-test) the childbirth preparation training

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Kutahya Health Sciences University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

July 15, 2023

Primary Completion (Actual)

October 15, 2023

Study Completion (Actual)

November 15, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 24, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 8, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

January 15, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

January 15, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 8, 2026

Last Verified

January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • KutahyaHSUU

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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