Comparative Effect of Muscle Energy Technique and Kinesiotherapy on Non Specific Low Back Pain

February 17, 2026 updated by: Riphah International University

Comparative Effect of Muscle Energy Technique and Kinesiotherapy on Pain,ROM and Functional Disability on Non Specific Low Back Pain

The study was conducted to determine the comparative effect of muscle energy technique and kinesiotherapy on the patients of non specific low back pain

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

64

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Chakwal, Punjab Province, Pakistan
        • Helping Hand for Relief and Development Center, Chakwal

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Gender both male and female Age 20yr-40yr Prolong sitting hour (greater or equal to 3hr) Pain rating scale 4-6 on NPRS Individuals having localized lumber region pain (L1-L5) ODI score of ≥5 to ≤24 of having mild to moderate disability Negative Lasegue test

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Spine pathology Spine surgery Spinal stenosis Trauma Neurological disorder Psychological issue Systemic disease

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Muscle energy technique with conventional treatment
Other: Standard Physical therapy

Core stability exercises Pelvic tilt exercises This exercise was done by keeping both hands behind the buttocks and pressing on them by flattening the spine and bending the pelvis up slightly, then holding for up to 10 seconds with 20 times of repetitions.

Partial curl The patient was in a supine position with knee bent and arms behind the head, the feet slightly away from the buttocks, then patient raise the upper body from the ground approximately 30 to 40 degrees, the abdominal muscles begin to contract, then the upper body was in lower to the ground

3. Back extension exercise The patient needs to lie in a prone position on a mat with legs straightening with a pronated forearm, then lift the upper back. Hips should be pressed into the mat with the head and neck in a neutral position.

Hot pack for 10 mins on low back in prone position.

Other: Muscle energy technique
The muscle energy techniques which involved isometric contraction of the agonist muscle for 10s. This contraction started just short of the restriction range. After that, the patient was asked to relax for 2-3 s, and then, the examiner stretched the contracted muscle in the opposite direction for 10 s. This was repeated three repetitions for each muscle bilaterally. This technique was applied to the quadratus lumborum, hamstring, and lower back muscles three times per week.
Active Comparator: Kinesiotherapy with conventional treatment
Other: Standard Physical therapy

Core stability exercises Pelvic tilt exercises This exercise was done by keeping both hands behind the buttocks and pressing on them by flattening the spine and bending the pelvis up slightly, then holding for up to 10 seconds with 20 times of repetitions.

Partial curl The patient was in a supine position with knee bent and arms behind the head, the feet slightly away from the buttocks, then patient raise the upper body from the ground approximately 30 to 40 degrees, the abdominal muscles begin to contract, then the upper body was in lower to the ground

3. Back extension exercise The patient needs to lie in a prone position on a mat with legs straightening with a pronated forearm, then lift the upper back. Hips should be pressed into the mat with the head and neck in a neutral position.

Hot pack for 10 mins on low back in prone position.

Other: Kinesiotherapy
Kinesiotherapy treatment will be performed using a therapeutic ball therapy kinesiotherapy protocol will perform weekly. For 1º to 4º weeks: stretches in chains Anterior, Posterior and Lateral performed at the beginning and end of the sessions; paravertebral strengthening in isometry; abdominals (straight anterior and oblique) concentric and eccentric, all performed on the therapeutic ball with increasing time and repetitions progressively. For 5º to 8º weeks: stretching exercises were repeated first month, increasing the degree of difficulty. Strengthening exercises have evolved for isotonic (concentric and eccentric) exercises, with increasing degree of difficulty.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI)
Time Frame: From enrollment till the end of treatment at 6 weeks.
Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), English version, was used to assess functional disability; it was a disease specific questionnaire that measures disability associated with low back pain. ODI is divided into 10 questions, which cover various areas of daily living activities and the scores are in percentage, the higher the score, the more disability a person
From enrollment till the end of treatment at 6 weeks.
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time Frame: From enrollment till the end of treatment at 6 weeks
The intensity of pain was determined by means of Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), which is a 11-point self-report rating scale with a range of 0 to 10, where 10 is the worst imaginable pain and 0 is no pain. The respondents were requested to assess their present pain at res
From enrollment till the end of treatment at 6 weeks
Inclinometer for ROM
Time Frame: From enrollment till the end of treatment at 6 weeks .
A reflection of lumbar range of motion was established with the help of a handheld inclinometer, which is an objective measure of the spinal movement in degrees of lumbar flexion, lumbar extension, and side bending.
From enrollment till the end of treatment at 6 weeks .

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Saba Rafiq, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 13, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

May 31, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

October 31, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 17, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 17, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 23, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 23, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 17, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • REC/RCR & AHS/24/01108

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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