Effect of Knee Extensor Training on the Lumbar Spine

January 6, 2026 updated by: ALHUMAYANI ABDULLAH FALEHA, Lincoln University College

Knee Extensor-Focused Biomechanical Intervention for Pain, Posture, and Disability in Non-Specific Low Back Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if knee extensor training with different protocols works to treat LBP in adults.. The main questions it aims to answer are:

What are the comparative effects of open and closed kinetic chain knee extensor strengthening exercises versus lumbar stabilization exercises on lumbar curvature, postural control, and disability in individuals with non-specific low back pain? 1.4.2. How does open kinetic chain knee extensor strengthening affect pain, functional capacity, and lumbar spine stability compared to closed kinetic chain exercises in individuals with non-specific low back pain? 1.4.3 What is the effect of open kinetic chain knee extensor strengthening on pain, functional capacity, and lumbar spine stability compared to conventional lumbar muscle exercises in individuals with non-specific low back pain? 1.4.4 What is the effect of closed kinetic chain knee extensor strengthening on pain, functional capacity, and lumbar spine stability compared to conventional lumbar muscle exercises in individuals with non-specific low back pain? 1.4.5 What is the effect of open kinetic chain knee extensor strengthening on pain, functional capacity, and lumbar spine stability in individuals with non-specific low back pain? 1.4.6 What is the effect of close kinetic chain knee extensor strengthening on pain, functional capacity, and lumbar spine stability in individuals with non-specific low back pain? 1.4.7 What is the effect of conventional lumbar extensor strengthening on pain, functional capacity, and lumbar spine stability in individuals with non-specific low back pain Researchers will compare three different exercise protocols to a control group (will not receive exercise) to see if knee extensor training has an effect on problems associated with LBP.

Participants will:

  • Exercise three times per week for 8 weeks
  • Be assessed before, 4 weeks after, and 8 weeks after intervention

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

128

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

I. Males aged 40 to 60 years, II. nonsmokers, III. with normal body mass index IV. of Saudi nationality, V. office workers, VI. suffering from chronic NLBP for 12 weeks or more with a moderate disability according to the Oswestry Disability Index (score of 21 - 40%) moderate activity level according to the Arabic version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form .

Exclusion Criteria:

I. Previous spinal surgery, fracture, deformity, or disease. II. Neurological deficit and Lower limb deformity or fracture, or disease. III. Mental or psychological illness. The Arabic version of the Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20) developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) to screen for common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, uses a cut-off score to distinguish between individuals with and without significant psychological distress. A score of 7 or below is generally considered "normal", indicating no significant psychological distress (Al-Subaie et al., 1998).

IV. Systematic chronic illnesses such as hypertension, cardiac and respiratory disorders, and diabetes mellitus.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: control group
lumbar strengthening
Other: back strengthening exercise
strengthening exercise to lumbar extensors
Experimental: Treatment Group I
lumbar strengthening exercise and knee CKC exercise
Other: OKC Exercise
knee extensor OKC exercise added to the lumbar strengthening exercise
Experimental: Treatment Group II
lumbar strengthening exercise and knee CKC exercise
Other: CKC Exercise
knee extensor CKC exercise added to the lumbar strengthening exercise
Experimental: Treatment Group III
lumbar strengthening exercise and knee OKC and CKC exercise
Other: CKC and OKC Exercise
knee extensor OKC and CKC exercise added to the lumbar strengthening exercise

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Mean change in the Lumbar lordosis Cobb angle in degrees measured by X-ray
Time Frame: 8 weeks
8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Mean change of LBP intensity from the baseline measured by Numeric Pain Rating Scale
Time Frame: 8 weeks
Minimum Value: 0, which represents "no pain". Maximum Value: 10, which represents "worst imaginable pain," "worst possible pain," or "most intense pain imaginable Higher scores indicate a worse outcome
8 weeks
Mean change in the quality of Life score as measured by the Oswestry Disability Index
Time Frame: 8 weeks

Minimum Value: 0%, which represents the highest possible level of functioning and independence (no disability).

Maximum Value: 100%, which represents the lowest possible level of functioning and total dependence
8 weeks
Mean change in the muscle strength measured by the Hand-held dynamometer
Time Frame: 8 weeks
A higher score indicate improvement
8 weeks
Mean change in the posture control measured by the stare exursion test
Time Frame: 8 weeks
Higher scores mean a better outcome
8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Lincoln University College

Collaborators

Cairo University
Taif University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: ABDULLAH F ALHUMAYANI, LUC Malaysia

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

February 1, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

April 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

June 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

December 9, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 6, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

January 13, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

January 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 6, 2026

Last Verified

January 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • LUC/RADMIN/SP/05/903

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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