Effect of Coffee Smelling on Pain, Physiological Parameters and Time to Discharge From Post Anesthesia Care Unit in Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

February 27, 2026 updated by: Emre Kugu, Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa
This research was designed as a randomized controlled trial to determine the effects of coffee sniffing on pain and physiological parameters in patients undergoing cholecystectomy surgery.

Study Overview

Status

Active, not recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Study Variables: The independent variables of the study are the participant's age, gender, height, weight, smoking, and alcohol use; the dependent variables are the length of stay in the Post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) after anesthesia, the Modified Aldrete score, the pain score (visual analogue scale), and physiological values.

Study Location and Time: This study is planned to be conducted at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Hospital PACU, between February 2026 and August 2026.

Study Population: The study population will consist of patients who underwent cholecystectomy surgery and received general anesthesia with the same anesthesia protocol at Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine Hospital PACU.

Data Collection Tools: A Patient Demographic Information Form, created by the researcher in accordance with the literature, will be used for data collection. The Modified Aldrete Score and the Visual Analog Scale, both valid and reliable, will be used.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

66

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Being 18 years of age or older,
  • Having no prior history of surgery,
  • Having undergone laparoscopic cholecystectomy surgery,
  • Being physically and mentally able to communicate,
  • Having received the same anesthesia protocol,
  • Having no known allergy or sensitivity to the smell of coffee,
  • Being willing and cooperative to smell coffee for the specified duration in the experimental group,
  • Providing written consent after being informed about the study,
  • Having an ASA I or II rating.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • The following are contraindications for a patient's sense of smell:
  • No complications developing during surgery,
  • No indication for postoperative intensive care,
  • Special circumstances (pregnancy, etc.),
  • Being under active treatment for depression, anxiety, or other psychiatric disorders,
  • Having anatomical abnormalities that may cause a problem with the sense of smell.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Coffee Smelling Group
The patient inhales the scent of coffee for 3-5 minutes using a cotton pad.
Behavioral: Coffee Smell
The patient inhales the scent of coffee for 3-5 minutes using a cotton pad.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo Group
The patient inhales an empty cotton bag for 3-5 minutes.
Behavioral: Placebo
The patient inhales an empty cotton bag for 3-5 minutes.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Modified Aldrete Score
Time Frame: This is the period from post-operative time until discharge from the PACU unit. (min. 20/min- max 60/min).
The Modified Aldrete Score is a clinical scoring system used to assess a patient's recovery and readiness for discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) based on activity, respiration, circulation, consciousness, and oxygen saturation. Ensures objective and standardized assessment of postoperative recovery Reduces risk of premature discharge from PACU Enhances patient safety by identifying respiratory, cardiovascular, or neurological instability Provides measurable criteria for clinical decision-making Commonly, a score of ≥ 9 indicates readiness for PACU discharge.
This is the period from post-operative time until discharge from the PACU unit. (min. 20/min- max 60/min).
VAS
Time Frame: This is the period from post-operative time until discharge from the PACU unit. (min. 20/min- max 60/min).
The Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain is a simple tool used to measure a patient's pain intensity. It usually consists of a 10-centimeter horizontal line with one end labeled "no pain" and the other end labeled "worst pain imaginable." The patient marks a point on the line that represents their level of pain, and the distance from the "no pain" end is measured to determine a numerical score. VAS is widely used in clinical practice and research because it provides a quick, subjective, and reliable assessment of pain severity.
This is the period from post-operative time until discharge from the PACU unit. (min. 20/min- max 60/min).

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 22, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

June 30, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

August 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 22, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 22, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 3, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 27, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • IstanbulUC-FNHF-CH-01

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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