Comparison of Nd Yag, Diode and Er:YAG Lasers vs Scalpel in Preprosthetic Vestibuloplasty: Vestibular Depth Gain (78/30102018)

March 7, 2026 updated by: Nica Diana Florina, University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara

Comparative Analysis of the Performance of Three Dental Lasers Versusthe Conventional Scalpeltechnique in Vestibuloplasty

The aim of this study was to compare the clinical results obtained using the conventional approach versus the modern laser method, by recording postoperative results

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The patients were divided in 3 equal groups and the vestibuloplasty was performed by conventional surgery on the right side and by laser for the left side of the maxilla. The former served as a Control group. There were utilized three types of lasers and consequently divided the patients in three observational study groups: for Group 1, the vestibuloplasty was performed by Nd-YAG laser, for Group 2 a diode laser was utilized , while Group 3 was treated with an Er-YAG laser.

An initial measurement of the vestibular depth was performed by using a millimeter markings William periodontal probe on three predetermined areas on each side: paramedian (next to the frenulum), antero-lateral (measured in the middle of the operated field), and lateral (at the most posterior place included in surgery). The measurements were performed 6 weeks postoperatively at the same levels as they were registered before surgery.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

36

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Romania
      • Timișoara, Romania
        • Nica Diana

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

- Systemically healthy 36 edentulous patients , We selected the patients to be candidates for total prostheses and complete edentulous at the level of the maxilla.

Exclusion Criteria: no comorbidities

-

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Nd -YAG vestibuloplasty group

12 patients treated for Group 1 using a Nd-YAG laser on the left side of the maxilla. The procedure was performed under local anesthesia to ensure patient comfort and cooperation. The parameters for the Nd-YAG laser (Lightwalke, Fotona, Slovenia) that was utilized for this procedure were: center wavelength of 1064 nm, output power of 4 W, frequency equal to 25 Hz, Micro Short Pulse (MSP) mode, sapphire fiber of 300 micrometers in diameter, power density equal to 6229 W/cm2.

The right side was treated conventional using the scalpel. Clark's vestibuloplasty method was applied in all conventionally operated right sides of the patients
Procedure: vestibuloplasty for Nd-YAG group
For patients treated by Nd-YAG laser, the procedure was performed under local anesthesia . The parameters for the Nd-YAG laser are: center wavelength of 1064 nm, output power of 4 W, frequency equal to 25 Hz, Micro Short Pulse (MSP) mode, sapphire fiber of 300 micrometers in diameter, power density equal to 6229 W/cm2. Conventional vestibuloplasty was applied on the right side of the maxilla using Clark's method. A horizontal incision was performed at the mucogingival junction. The supraperiosteal dissection is performed and the muscles insertions were gradually dissected in an apical direction up to the desired vestibular depth. The mucosa of the inner side of the lip was undermined and the pedicled mucosal flap was secured to the periosteum at the new vestibule depth by using a 4-0 absorbable suture . The wound healed by second intention without any additional graft.
Active Comparator: Diode laser vestibuloplasty group
12 patients treated for Group 2 where a diode laser was utilized. for performing the left side of the maxilla. we utilized the Epic X TM laser from Biolase, with a center wavelength of 940 nm and a pre-initiated tip, in a contact, continuous mode, with an output energy of 3 W. Surgery with the laser tip began at the mucogingival junction with a horizontal movement directing the laser parallel to the bone, and thus slowly releasing the muscle fibers towards the new vestibule depth. The right side of the maxilla was performed by conventional surgery using Clark s method.
Procedure: diode vestibuloplasty
we utilized the Epic X TM laser from Biolase, with a center wavelength of 940 nm and a pre-initiated tip, in a contact, continuous mode, with an output energy of 3 W. Ablation with the laser tip began at the mucogingival junction with a horizontal movement directing the laser parallel to the bone, and thus slowly releasing the muscle fibers towards the new vestibule depth. The right side of the maxilla was treated by conventional vestibuloplasty, Clark s method
Active Comparator: Er-YAG laservestibuloplasty group
12 patients treated for Group 3 where an Er-YAG laser was utilized to treat the left side of the maxilla. The Er-YAG laser (Lightwalker, Fotona, Slovenia) was equipped with a H14 handpiece, characterized by the following parameters: center wavelength of 2940 nm, contact mode, long pulse, energy of 200 mJ, frequency equal to 20 Hz, power of 4 W, water 2, gas 2. The right side of the maxilla was performed by conventional surgery using Clark s method
Procedure: Er-YAG laser vestibuloplasty
For the left side of the maxilla, we utilized an Er-YAG laser (Lightwalker, Fotona, Slovenia) equipped with a H14 handpiece, characterized by the following parameters: center wavelength of 2940 nm, contact mode, long pulse, energy of 200 mJ, frequency equal to 20 Hz, power of 4 W, water 2, gas 2. For the right side of the maxilla we applied conventional vestibuloplasty using Clark s method.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
pain and comfort
Time Frame: days 1, 3, and 7 postoperatively
Pain and discomfort values were compared between the conventional surgery and the Nd:YAG laser, diode laser, and Er-YAG laser groups by using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The laser-treated sides have shown statistically significant reductions in both pain and discomfort scores at all considered timepoints (p < 0.05), as presented in the following.
days 1, 3, and 7 postoperatively
The vestibular gain depth
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Vestibular depth measurements were compared between the initial, the immediate postoperatively, and the 6-week postoperatively timepoints. Paired sample t-tests or Wilcoxon tests were utilized, depending on distribution, to evaluate changes within each technique (i.e., conventional and lasers).
6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Victor Babes" Timisoara

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

April 30, 2018

Primary Completion (Actual)

October 20, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

October 20, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 19, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 7, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

March 10, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 10, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 7, 2026

Last Verified

March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 78/30.10.2018 rev 2025
  • 78/30102018 (Registry Identifier: COMISIA DE ETICĂ A CERCETĂRII ŞTIINŢIFICE)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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