Clinical Assessment of Viscosity-Modified Composite Resins: Preheated, Sonic Activated, and Flowable Resins in Class V Restorations

March 19, 2026 updated by: Mohammed Abd El Ghany Mohammed, Tanta University
The purpose of the 12-month clinical study was to evaluate and compare preheated, sonic-activated, and flowable composite resins used in Class V restorations.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Because of their superior aesthetics, minimal preparation needs, and capacity to adhere to tooth structure, resin composite materials are now frequently utilized in restorative dentistry. Materials with superior mechanical qualities, better handling qualities, and improved clinical performance have been developed as a result of ongoing advancements in composite technology. Viscosity-modulated composite resins have drawn a lot of interest among these developments because they seek to maximize cavity wall adaptability while preserving adequate strength and wear resistance. To enhance the therapeutic performance of composite resins, various methods have been developed to alter their viscosity. One method for improving flow and adaptability to cavity walls prior to polymerization is preheating composite resins, which momentarily lowers viscosity. Sonic-activated composite methods reduce viscosity during installation by using sonic energy, which makes cavity adaption and handling easier. Moreover, highly filled flowable composite resins have been created to increase their mechanical strength in comparison to traditional flowable composites by combining the better flow properties of flowable materials with increased filler content. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the clinical performance of flowable composite resins that are warmed, sonic-activated, and highly filled when employed in Class V cavities.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

36

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Egypt
    • Tanta
      • Tanta, Tanta, Egypt, 31527
        • Restorative Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Good general and oral health
  • Vital teeth
  • Class V cavities with depth ranging from 2 to 3 mm

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Non-vital or restored teeth
  • Para functional habits (e.g., bruxism)
  • pregnancy

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Xtra fill composite
Preheated composite resin at 54°C
Other: Preheated Nanohybrid Composite Resin (x tra fill)
A nanohybrid composite resin preheated prior to placement to improve flowability and adaptation in Class V restorations
Experimental: SonicFill 2
Sonic-activated composite
Other: Sonic-Activated Nanohybrid Composite Resin (SonicFill 2®, Kerr, USA)
A sonic-activated bulk-fill nanohybrid composite (SonicFill 2®) that reduces viscosity during placement using sonic energy.
Experimental: G-aenial Universal Flo
Highly filled flowable
Other: Highly Filled Flowable Composite Resin (G-aenial Universal Flo®, GC Corporation, Japan)
A highly filled flowable composite (G-aenial Universal Flo®) with improved mechanical properties compared to conventional flowables
Experimental: NanoPaq composite
Conventional nanohybrid composite
Other: Conventional Nanohybrid Composite Resin (NanoPaq®, Germany)
A standard nanohybrid composite (NanoPaq®) used according to manufacturer instructions without modification

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The primary outcome was marginal adaptation
Time Frame: 12 months
Clinical assessment of marginal adaptation was carried out in accordance with the World Dental Federation (FDI) criteria by two calibrated examiners at baseline and after 6, 9, and 12 months. The restorations were graded based on their compliance with the evaluation criteria as follows: score 1 (clinically excellent), score 2 (clinically satisfactory), score 3 (clinically acceptable), and scores 4 and 5 (clinically unsatisfactory). Clinical success was considered when restorations received scores of 1, 2, or 3, whereas scores of 4 or 5 were regarded as failures. Visual examination of the evaluated parameters was performed using a high-intensity light source, and a magnifying dental loupe was used to enhance observation. Intragroup comparisons of restoration outcomes across different follow-up intervals were analyzed using the Friedman test. Intergroup comparisons among the different restorative materials within the same follow-up period were performed using the Kruskal-Wallis test. T
12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Tanta University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

March 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

March 10, 2026

Study Completion (Actual)

March 14, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 15, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 19, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

March 24, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 24, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 19, 2026

Last Verified

March 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • Composite Resin Restorations

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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